APPENDIX - West Virginia   
     
 
         APPENDIX ONE -- "THE BLUE BOOK," BY J. F. SNODGRASS

This "Blue Book" is in the possession of James Marmon Snodgrass (grandson of James Fielding
Snodgrass), 354 Cranston Dr., Berea, OH 44017 (216-234-6239), who writes:  "I do not know
what references my Grandfather used for all the dates, although I suspect that there was some
reference to his cousin Kendall's "Red Book".  My grandfather was very detail oriented and he
was quite involved with Snodgrass family reunions, so I suspect much of it was first-hand
information, and as such should be quite accurate.  In the book there is considerable reference to
Pharoahs Run, Virginia, now West Virginia, or, as some of the "old-timers" said, West-by-God-
Virginia.  I can still clearly remember, as a youngster, the first combined Snodgrass Family
Reunion bringing together the North and the South factions of the family.  The crowd was so
great that they later agreed to split up, and the Ohio faction formed their own reunion, and my
father was president of it for a time.  Activity ceased during WWII, and was never restarted after
the war.  Also included with this letter are some pages from Kendall's "Red Book'" and a family
tree from the same source.  I find many errors on both the chart and in the book as well, as the
book is very poorly organized -- but some of the stories are terrific!"
[vss- James M. Snodgrass died in 1997, see obit The MACE Vol XVI, No. 1]
-------------------------
                  THE SNODGRASS FAMILY RECORD
         and a Reminiscence of "Squire Billy's Family  
                      by J. F. Snodgrass 
                                
    The early records of our family as I found them, are shrouded in doubt and uncertainty.  We
might well consider a legendary story circulated among the first members of this family of which
we have record.  This "legend" relates that several brothers by this name, of Irish origin, came to
America and settled in Pennsylvania under the Quaker rule of Wm. Penn.  Some of them died
at sea and was buried in the oceans deep waters.  Others settled for a short time near the City of
Philadelphia.  Hearing of the rich lands and a plentiful supply of game in the west, of these, three
of the four brothers of record, John, William, and James, moved to what is now known as
Washington County on the Monongahelia River in western Pa.

    One brother, Michael, went south into the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, where he became
lost to his other brothers.  But a clear trace of him and his descendants was left all the way thru
the Shenandoah where to this day can be found people of that name, descendants of Old Michael.

MICHAEL SNODGRASS

    Michael who went south evidently prospered, although he became lost to his brothers, because
he had no way to get in touch with them; for in those days there was no Postal service; and no
way of communicaiton, Roads were mere trails cut thru forests.  Rivers were without bridges, and
high steep mountain barriers almost impassable.  But there is no doubt that he or his children
pushed ever on southward; until they reached that well known pass in the Allegheny's, at a place
called Cumberland gap, and where now, the states of Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee meet. 
There where many traders, hunters and trappers were filing thru this pass in search of deer,
antelope and buffalo that grazed on the rich blue grass of Kentucky and Tennessee.  All thru these
three states are numerous families bearing the name of Snodgrass.  These families are purported
to be the progeny of "Old Michael" Snodgrass, a numerous one that spread thru out the southern
States.  Among them most all the trades and professions are represented, Farmers, Miners,
carpenters, teachers, doctors, bankers, and politicians.  Many of them have held responsible
positions in their respected states and counties and are considered substantial citizens of the
Region below the Mason and Dixon Line.
    Hunting, trapping and fishing was good, and furnished a bountiful supply of meat at all seasons
of the year, for game was abundant on the grassy plains and prairies, Buffalo, & deer could be
had, wild turkeys, squirrels, quails, and pheasant graced the dining tables of the settlers humble
log cabins.  Buffalo ranged farther north in summer but always returned each autumn, to winter 
in the milder climate of the Southern lands.  Fur bearing animals like the mink, otter, skunk, fox,
and muskrat were plentiful and formed a paradise for those who loved to hunt and trap.  Furs,
besides being used for articles of clothing, was always a source of ready cash, which provided the
settlers with the many useful things they needed, <such> as lead for bullets, guns, and powder,
salt, and a few other articles of dry goods, for clothing.  The soil was rich and productive, and
farming and cattle raising with the raising of fine horses became, later, highly profitable.  So it
seems that "Old Michael" chose well in selecting this beautiful rich area for homes for his
descendants.

                  JAMES SNODGRASS (BLUE JIM) 

    One of the three brothers (Blue Jim) who settled in Washington Co., Penn. He loved to hunt,
and as the wild game became scarce, on the account of too many settlers clearing away the 
forest and raising grain and cattle.  Blue Jim followed up the Monongahelia River into Virginia
(now W. Va.) near what is now Morgantown.  He was in search of wild game and cheap
government land.  He secured land in three counties, Monongalia, Marion, and Wetzel, and as
these counties became organized, records of land transactions of the citizens began to appear on
the Court House books, such as deeds & mortgages.  There seemed to be negligence in reporting
marriages and deaths before the counties were organized.  Ministers sometimes kept a record of
marriage rites, but these were soon lost or destroyed.  For this reason, the names of settlers'
wives were often lost to the public.  This was the case with Blue Jim, his wife's name was "May"
but her maiden name is unknown, therefore it will appear as only "May" in this record.
    Blue Jim is said to have been born in 1743, and was married to "May" in 1763.  They had two
children, Elasha and Joseph Sr.  Joseph Sr. was married and had two children, Joseph Jr. and
Isabel.  Joseph Sr. died, and his widow married again. Her second husband was Frank Snodgrass,
a son of John Snodgrass, one of the original Brothers.  Frank and the widow had two children,
Wm. Burl and Sarah.
    The Isabel mentioned above married Stephen Arnett and their descendants are now living in
Marion Co., W. Va.  Many of them are prominent citizens, and have served their county faithfully
and well.  U. S. Arnett as prosecuting attorney, Wm. Conaway as sheriff, and Waitman Conaway
as a prominent Lawyer of that county.
    As we mentioned, "Blue Jim" owned land in Wetzel Co., where wild game abounded in plenty
and he delighted in hunting them for the fine food and valuable pelts he secured, for many of 
these animals, like the deer, the bear, and the buffalo, were highly prized for both food and the
skins, which were so valuable for clothing and blankets.  Other animals like the fox, the wolf, the
beaver, and the raccoon, were hunted for their pelts only.  These could readily be traded for 
things much needed in the home and which they were not able to produce at home. But wolves,
bears, and foxes were destructive animals, often raiding their pigpens and poultry houses, so that
most every settler took great delight in their destruction.
    Old Blue Jim was regarded by his neighbors as a great hunter and trapper of these wild beasts. 
But love of this necessary means of a livelihood employed at that time, finally proved to be the
fate that cost him his life.
    When spring came and the tender bluegrass began to age and grow tall, the buffalo of
Kentucky and Tennessee migrated northward into the great forests of Virginia, Pennsylvania, and
Ohio, seeking the tender shoots and leaves of the shrubs and young trees of this vast woodland of
virgin timber, where their calves were born and grew and gained strength and energy all thru the
long  summer days, and were able to follow the great herd on the long trip back to the southlands
where they spent the mild winters feeding on the new growth of tender blue grass, or the dry
stalks of standing hay nicely cured thru the summer.  These herds of buffalo had fattened during
the summer season, in the northern woods, and were in pink condition to slaughter for winter
food, and knowing that they had to harvest this fine supply of meat, before the herds went south. 
So both the Indians and settlers watched carefully for the right time to make the slaughter, to
obtain the meat and pelt, for use thru the coming winter.
    Blue Jim had watched a small herd of buffalo that had ranged his land, on Archers fork of
Fishing Creek, in Wetzel county, W. Va.  In the fall, before the drove started south, he and his
friend John Ice went in search of this particular herd.  On spying them, they stopped and tied 
their horses to some small trees.  The horses to be used in carrying the skins and meat back to the
settlement.  They then went forward on foot to make the killing.  After they had killed and
skinned enough for loading their pack animals, they went back to get their horses, but they were
gone, and no trace of them could be found.  They kept up the search until darkness came on and
they were obliged to return home.  The next morning they renewed the search, telling their
families that they would be back by night.  They did not return that evening, and another day
passed and they had not come home.  Their families became frantic and organized a searching
party of friends and neighbors to look for them.  About noon they found their mangled bodies. 
Their skulls had been split by the Redman's Tomahawk.  The full particulars of this example of
Indian savagery will never be known.  No one was there to recount the bloody details of Indian
treachery. A trim marble monument now marks the spot where they fell victims to savage cruelty,
on Archers fork of Fishing Creek, Wetzel County, W. Va.  Mr. Geo. A. Dunnington of Fairmont,
W. Va., who wrote a history of  Marion County, W. Va., says that this event occurred in the fall
of 1786.  Mr. Norman F. Kendall of Grafton, W. Va., who published a history of the Snodgrass
and Kendall families, says that it occurred in 1797, a discrepency of eleven years.  The Kendall
family lived near the scene of this tragedy and well knew its history.
    The children of Blue Jim are mentioned as Elisha and Joseph Sr.  Elisha married Elnora Batten
in 1807 and their children were Brinkley, Eugene, Nelson and Maryann.
    Joseph Sr. married Isabel Clayton and they had two children, Joseph Jr. and Isabel.  Joseph Sr.
died, and his widow Isabel married again, this time to Frank Snodgrass, who was the son of John,
one of the original brothers of this family history.  He was a cousin of Isabel's first husband,
Joseph Sr., but no blood relationship to Isabel.  Frank and Isabel had two children -- William Burl
and Sarah.  Wm. Burl was my grandfather, and will appear in this history later as "Squire Billy".

                      WILLIAM SNODGRASS 

    One of the original brothers and who settled in Washington County, Pennsylvania.  There he
married Katherine Yost, a Pa. Dutch girl.  Later he pushed up the Monongahela river, in search 
of more plentiful supply of  land and wild animals, and to be with his kinfolks, some of whom had
preceded him to the western part of Virginia, where "Blue Jim" and perhaps some members of
Old John's family had already located, near or on Pharohs Run, in Virginia, a vast, unsettled forest
country, forming a community of the several Snodgrass families on a little creek called Pharoh's
Run.  Of course, not all of them left Pa., for to this day some descendants of these three original
brothers are still to be found in that county.  William and Katharine had at least three sons and
perhaps others.  Those whose names are known are William Jr., Isaac, and Franklin.  Only
Franklin is on record of being married.  His wife was Rachael Burr.  They had several children,
and one son Jeremiah married Euphemia Clayton.  They had thirteen children.  I knew personally
two of them, Ezekial and David, both successful lawyers and practiced their profession in Marion
and Wetzel counties, W. Va.  Many of their offspring are still living in Marion and adjoining
counties, engaged in many different activities and all are highly respected citizens of good
standing in their respective communities.  Jeremiah and Euphemia's thirteen children was a large
family, and their progeny could be counted only in large numbers, as they spread out to other
states and countries.

                        JOHN SNODGRASS 

    The last and perhaps the older of the original brothers.  Tradition says that he was born in the
year of 1717 and had seven sons.  How many daughters tradition does not say.  Anyway, I like to
think about "Old John" who was born some 230 years ago, when the United States was a
collection of English colonies, loosely held together by the mother country and each was sparsely
settled, a few communities here and there struggling for the bare necessities of life, fighting the
cruel, crafty Indians, and the wild beasts of the forests.
    It took strong-hearted men like Old John and his sons to lay a solid foundation for the best
country (America) in the world today.  Perhaps John himself did not leave Pennsylvania, but it is
certain some of his sons did and settled on Pharoh's Run, in Virginia, where Blue Jim and William
had already settled.  This country was a vast forest, a wilderness inhabited by Indians and wild
animals, which were hunted for meat and their valuable pelts used to clothe and feed their families
of growing children.  They formed a settlement principally of Snodgrasses, but other friends and
neighbors came and settled nearby on Pharoahs Run, a small creek flowing into the Monongahela
River.  Along this stream they built their log cabins of crude, unhewn logs from the surrounding
forest.  There they lived with but few comforts of our modern way of life.
    The home consisted of one large room where they cooked their meals in a large open wood-
burning fire place that consumed an enormous amount of wood to keep the home heated and fire
for cooking.  They slept in homemade beds in the rear of the room, a plank dining table in the
center, with homemade chairs, a spinning wheel, and a loom being the principal furniture.  Later,
another cabin was built to house the loom and spinning wheel.  This was the women's workshop,
where they spun wool and flax fibers into cloth, from which they made the family clothing.

    A large barn of log construction was built to protect and shelter their livestock, and to store
their hay and grain.  Always when possible a spring house was built over a clear, cool spring that
flowed constantly from the rock layers deep beneath the rugged hillsides.  There they formed a
primitive refrigerating system to keep milk, butter, and other foods cool.  Water fresh and cool
from the spring flowed into wooden or stone troughs, in which crocks of food, milk, and butter
were placed, so there was a constant stream of water circulating and cooling the food.  A crude
system, but it answered the purpose.
    The history of John is a meager one.  His coming to America with his brothers and settling in
western Pennsylvania is fairly well established by his seven sons and their children.  A gravestone
marking his grave in Penn. shows that he did live there and that some of his sons moved from Pa.
to Pharohs Run in Va.  This is pretty well authenticated by records left in that settlement.  There
the records show that his sons names were 
    Joseph born in the year 1740
    Charles "   "   "   "   1742
    James   "   "   "   "   1743
    John    "   "   "   "   1745
    Frank   "   "   "   "   1748
    William "   "   "   "   1751
    Michael "   "   "   "   1753
Of these seven sons Charles and Frank only are of importance in tracing the lineage of that branch
of the family to which I belong, because my grandmother descended from Charles, and my
grandfather, Squire Billy, descended from Frank.  They were second cousins, a marriage common
in those days of isolation from other communities, which were so widely separated.  John's two
brothers, William and Blue Jim, and at least some of his children, Charles and Frank, all had their
homes on Pharohs Run and from there spread out to other communities and settlements.  Others
of his sons probably remained in Penn., where to this day the name is a familiar one.
    So this mysterious Old John, of whom we know so little, was my ancestor, from whom I hope
to get a clear picture of his particular branch of the Snodrasses.
    Having established a meager history of the four original Snodgrass brothers, Michael, James,
William, and John, we will now take up solely the history of descendants of John, particularly that
of his sons Frank & Charles, for from this line the writer (J. F. Snodgrass) was a descendant.

                       FRANK SNODGRASS 

    Son of John Snodgrass, one of the original brothers, Frank was born in 1748.  He married a
widow, whose maiden name was unknown.  She was the widow of Joseph Snodgrass, who was a
son of "Blue Jim" and by this marriage had two children, Joseph Jr. and Isabel.
    By her marriage to Frank they had two children, Sarah and William Burl, known in this history
as "Squire Billy" and who was my grandfather.  From here on the writer knew most of Squire
Billy's large family personally and can substantiate most all the statements, most all these are facts
the writer knows to be true, having grown up in the community where grandfather lived and
raised his family.  But of Frank, I am not able to say much except that he was a pioneer and
endured the hardships of an early settler.  He cleared land and raised some of his food, he hunted
and fished for his meat, and trapped fur-bearing animals for their pelts, and kept a watchful eye 
on roving bands of Indians, who also hunted and fished in the same woods and streams.

    It is said that Frank died around the age of fifty and when Squire Billy was a child.  At his death
young Billy took up the struggle of pioneer life.
    Charles was also a son of John, and he was a brother of Frank.  The name of Charles's wife is
unknown.  They had only one son, of which there was any record.  His name was John Dearboun
Snodgrass, born July the 4th  1781. Charles, like his brothers, lived the life of a Virginia pioneer,
and brought up his son John D. to that rugged life.  Not much is said of the life of Charles, but
when his son grew to manhood he married Miss Anna Joliff.  John D. and Anna Joliff were the
parents of my grandmother, Mary Joliff Snodgrass.

                      JOHN D. SNODGRASS 

    John D. was a son of Charles.  His wife was Mary Joliff.  They had ten children, Gabriel,
Dearboun, Aaron, Nellie, John, (Dixie) Oneisimus, Young, William, Charles, and Mary Joliff. 
These brothers and sisters lived in Marion and Wetzel counties of what is now W. Va.  The 
writer knew most of them when he was quite young, and can still remember visiting some of
them.  Grandmother Mary Joliff Snodgrass grew up to womanhood and became known to her
neighbors as "Aunt Polly," after her marriage to William Burl (Squire Billy).

                      MARY J. SNODGRASS 

    Mary Joliff Snodgrass, a blond, buxom lass, was well fitted to the strenuous duties of pioneer
life and the home work required of the women of that day.  She milked cows, churned butter,
baked bread, preserved wild meat brought in by her brothers from the day's hunt.  She spun yarn
from wool and flax and wove this yarn into cloth, made garments and knit socks, cooked the
food over an open fireplace, washed and ironed clothes.
    Yes, as she told these things to me, I could see plainly, she had no time for idleness or play, 
and such was her life in the home of her father John D. and mother Anna Joliff.  She often traced
her ancestry back to her great-grandfather, as:  John D. her father, Chas. her grandfather, John 
the 1st, her great-grandfather.
    Mary J. Snodgrass married William Burl Snodgrass, a second cousin, in 1820.  Hereafter their
history will be one in common.

           WILLIAM B. SNODGRASS born 1796 died 1864 
        and MARY JOLIFF SNODGRASS born 1803 died 1882 

    They grew up on Pharohs Run, Va., now W. Va., and were married in 1820. Wm. B. was 24
and Mary 17.  They had 14 children and all but one grew up to maturity.  James F. died at the age
of six.  Their births and deaths were as follows:
    Isabel     born 1821  died 1892
    Sarah       "   1822   "   1895
    Frank H.    "   1824   "   1905
    Alphaus R.  "   1826   "   1916
    Jesse F.    "   1828   "   1906
    Luvina      "   1830   "   1868
    John D.     "   1831   "   1913
    Enos E.     "   1833   "   1925
    Rachel      "   1836   "   unknown
    Wm. B.      "   1837   "   1868
    Silas V.    "   1840   "   unknown
    James F.    "   1842   "   1848
    Mary Ann    "   1844   "   1907
    Rebecah     "   1847   "   1912
These were all married except James F., consequently I had a host of relatives, aunts, uncles, and
cousins galore, and was personally acquainted with most of them.  A few I never saw or met.
    My grandfather was a large man, 6 ft. 2 in. tall, weighing over 200 lbs. consisting of muscle 
and brawn.  He loved the sports of the time and excelled in many of them, such as wrestling, 
foot-racing, high jumping, horseshoe pitching, and several kinds of ball games, altho modern
baseball, football, and basketball were unknown at that time.  The ball games were "Town Ball,"
"Old Cat," and "Hardsock."  These he participated in and fully enjoyed.  His home was a
gathering place for his neighbors.  Each Sunday would find many of them there eager to engage 
in the games and sports that grandfather and his husky sons provided for their pleasure and
amusement.  And if any of them chose to remain for dinner, Grandmother and her daughters
always had something ready.
    In season they had venison, wild turkey, bear steaks, and buffalo beef. If these were scarce,
then chicken, roast pig, or veal could always be had from grandfather's large plantation of more
than 3000 acres, most of it still a great woods, where hunting and fishing afforded food for the
table.  
     After his marriage his family increased so rapidly, he needed more land to provide for their
maintenance.  Hearing from his wife's brothers, who were homesteading government land about
50 miles to the west of Pharohs Run on a branch of the Monongahela called Buffalo Creek, he
decided to go there and look it over.  After visiting his relatives, he purchased from Lemuel
Snodgrass 330 acres, with a cleared spot of a few acres.  All the rest was a forest of native 
timber.  This was on Warrior fork of Buffalo Creek, about ten miles west of what is now
Mannington, W. Va.  A deed of this conveyance of this piece of land was on record at the
Monongehelia Co. Court house, Va, and dated Jan. 20, 1835.  Afterwards he homesteaded 
and bought adjoining tracts, owning at one time some 3000 acres of forest.  Some of this was 
sold to other settlers, but most of it was given to his children when they married, each receiving  
a hundred acres or more.  Only a few of the descendants are still living on this tract of land
grandfather once owned.  
    After purchasing this 330 acres he moved his family, his stock and household goods to their
new home on Buffalo Creek in what is now known as Marion Co., W. Va.  This was a very
difficult undertaking, for there were no roads or bridges spanning the creeks and rivers.  Only
paths or trails made by buffalos or Indians.  These often had to be widened and cleared of brush,
and streams had to be forded at shallow places.  At night, large campfires had to be built and
maintained throughout the night, to protect the livestock from prowling animals.  The livestock
consisted of oxen, cows, sheep, pigs, and chickens. The chickens remained in coops, and the
stock was tied to trees to keep them from straying away from the camp.  Cooking meals at the 
log fires took time, for the children were always hungry.  The children were:  Isabel 14, Sarah 13,
Frank 11, and Alpheus 9 were of much assistance in caring for the livestock and the younger
children.  Jesse 7, Lavina 6, John D. 4, and my father, Enos 3, all too small to be of any service. 
Averaging 8 to 10 miles a day they accomplished the trip in five days with the help of two young
men, and grandmother's brother, from Pharohs Run, who accompanied them on the trip.
    When they arrived, they found the little cabin on the tract of land grandfather had bought was
much too small for the needs of a family of this size.  There were a few acres cleared and ready
for cultivation.  A chicken house and barn or stable for the livestock had been built on this tract.
After disposing of his family and household effects, the men cut trees from the nearby woods and
made them into logs for enlarging the cabin, which was soon done by building another cabin at 
the end of the original one, so joining them together they appeared as one long log house with a
porch in front running full length of both cabins.  I can still remember how it looked when I made
frequent visits there, as a lad some 70 years ago.  The "Old Place" is a distinct memory I shall
always carry with me.
    Grandmothers brothers, who had homesteaded some land near by, had fenced and planted a
garden, built the poultry house and a corral about the stable, so that when they arrived they had
many of the things so necessary to pioneer life.  They had garden vegetables and a goodly supply
of wild game which they needed to maintain a supply of food for their large family of youngsters,
who always seemed to be hungry.  Grandmother, "Aunt Polly," as everybody then called her,
often told me how grandfather, "Squire Billy" sitting on the front porch would shoot deer and
wild turkey with his flint-lock muzzle loading rifle, and the older boys would go to the nearby
hillside and bring them to the cabin and dressed them into meat for food.  Deer were so plentiful
they always had venison either fresh or "jerked," as they called it when dried.  Bears prowled
around at night looking for a stray pig or calf, which they devoured or took to their cubs in a den
nearby.
    To protect their property and destroy the bears that came only at night, the settlers had built
bear pens of heavy logs about 16 ft. square at the bottom, and each course of logs set in toward
the center, so when completed it formed a pyramid about 10 ft. high with an opening at the top   
4 ft. square.  Inside a small pen of heavy logs was built for the bait, which was a pig or sheep
placed in the small pen of heavy logs, which was made so strong that the bear could not injure 
the bait in any way.
    It was quite easy for the bear to climb up the sloping side of the large pen to the top, and 
seeing the bait, would drop down inside the pen, but could not climb out again on the account of
the walls sloped inward.  When a bear was caught all the neighbors for miles around were invited
to come, and bring their best bear dogs along.
    Most every family had trained bear dogs, which they thought were superior to any other dogs
in the neighborhood, or even the whole world for that matter, and were always anxious to take
part in the contest.  The pen was so constructed that a door at the bottom of the pen opened
outward so as to let the bear out.  If he was a big strong bear and looked vicious, he was
handicapped by placing a large steel bear trap in such a position that the bear would be sure to
step in the trap in coming out of the pen.
    The trap was already secured chained to a post set in the ground so that he had no chance
whatever to escape or lunge any distance at his enemies. When he did come out with the trap
securely holding one foot in its grip, he roared with pain and was really in a fighting mood, and
woe to any dog or man who came within his reach.  Sometimes the mortality list of dogs was
appalling.  Nor did the men always escape when trying to assist a favorite dog that appeared to be
getting the worst of it.  If they got in range with the furious beast, they were thrust back with torn
clothing or bloody gashes on arms or body by the bears deadly claws.  It was always a day of
jollification and fun for these old timers, who loved to take part in the most dangerous sports.
    Many other beasts had to be exterminated.  The wolf was a sneaking predatory beast.  When
alone he carried away pigs, calves, and poultry, and when they banded together in packs in search
of deer, they destroyed the settlers chief source of meat.  Wolf pelts were not very valuable, and
in order to exterminate these, the counties offered a bounty on every pelt, paid in cash.  This was
a great incentive to the settlers, for it not only ridded them of this predatory animal, but furnished
them with much needed cash to purchase supplies and to pay their taxes.
    Another dangerous animal was the Panther.  The settlers referred to them as "painters."  This
large cat-like animal lay on a low limb of a tree over a path frequented by deer or small animals
and sprang down on their backs to make the kill.  Their furs were valuable and <they> were soon
exterminated for their pelts.  They were noted for a blood-curdling cry when calling their mates,
which resembled the shriek of a woman in distress.  
    My parents often spoke of hearing them in the night, but, like the wolves, deer, bear, and many
other wild animals, they had been cleared from the forests when I was a lad growing up in the
settlement.  And gradually the Indians, too, were driven back across the Ohio River and that
menace in grandfather's time was eliminated.  Those Indians were not so hostile in the
neighborhood, but often came in at mealtime and without waiting for an invitation, sat down at
the table and helped themselves.  But in other nearby settlements, they killed and scalped the men
and made prisoners of the younger women and children.  Their homes <were> burned and crops
destroyed.
    Squire Billy and his husky sons cleared the forests along the fertile valleys of the creeks where
the soil was productive and raised fine crops of corn, oats, wheat, flax, and vegetables.  If they
raised more than they needed they gave to their neighbors who were less fortunate.  There was 
no market for any surplus.  They had horses, hogs, sheep, and cattle that consumed much of
these products, and large quantities were required for his growing family.  Dams were built 
across creeks in the vicinity that afforded power for sawmills and grist mills for grinding flour and
meal for making bread.  Many of these old water mills I remember were still standing, but the
steam engine came into use, and these mills were idle.  Steam power was available thru out the
entire year, but water power depended on the rainfall, which at times was not sufficient to keep
the large wooden wheels turning.
    The grist mill used by grandfather was about 5 miles down the creek, and the younger boys
were chosen to do the milling.  Sacks of corn or wheat were thrown across the backs of horses 
on which perched the "mill-boy," who rode to the mill and brought back the flour or corn meal. 
Delicious biscuits from the unbolted <= unsifted> flour, corn pone or mush from the meal, was
prepared by the housewives.  The miller charged a toll of 1 gallon of grain from every bushel
ground.
    The settlers needed a few other supplies besides that produced at home. They spun and wove
cloth from wool and flax, for clothing.  They tanned leather from cowhides for shoes and harness. 
Caps were made from coonskins. Many articles of clothing from deerskins.  Soap was made from
wood ashes, sugar from the sap of maple trees, and of meat there was an abundance of wild 
game, besides raising hogs, sheep, and cattle for slaughtering.  There were some things that were
urgently needed and could not be produced at home.  They were salt, soft white or brown sugar,
tea and spices, and above all gunpowder and lead for their guns.  These could only be bought in
the larger cities in eastern Virginia or Pa. and brought in by pack horses, thru high mountain
passes and over dense forest trails, over un-bridged creeks and rivers.  For this reason the
difficulties were great, and was made yearly by a few hardy, rugged young men who were able
to stand the grueling trip of weeks at times.  Enough supplies were secured to last them the entire
year.  To make payment for these articles, they loaded their horses with the finest skins and pelts,
to exchange for these items.  They camped at the side of the trail at night and cooked their meals
which often consisted of fresh venison or wild turkey killed on their way.  If they exhausted their
supplies they found substitutes Tea and spices or borrowed from more fortunate neighbors who
was always ready to accommodate.  This was the life my grandparents lived, which was told to
me by my grandmother "Aunt Polly" and my father Enos E. and other members of Squire Billy's
family.  They enjoyed pioneer life and raised a sturdy family of thirteen to the age of maturity,
only one, James F., died in childhood.
    In politics he was a staunch Democrat and had great faith in the principles of his party and
believed firmly that his party was the only one fit to govern a Republic like ours.  In religion he
was a Methodist and an ardent supporter of that church.  Sometimes he paid the entire salary of
the circuit rider, as the preacher was called in those days.  When the war of rebellion broke in
1861, he supported the rebels and opposed the abolishment of slavery, as a true and loyal citizen
of the state of Virginia.  He loved the South and encouraged views of the Southern Confederacy,
and often said if the South lost the war, he did not want to live to see it.
    He did not.  He died in 1864 from an injury caused by jumping a high rail fence to show his
companions that he was still in good physical condition at 68.  The high jump was successful, but
in landing he fell and received internal injuries from which he died.  Grandfather Billy was very
popular among the settlers, and had many friends.  I often heard the older people speak of him,
those who knew him well, for his good qualities as a neighbor and citizen.  I never knew him, as
he died two years before I was born.
    The reason he was called "Squire" was a name applied to that of the Justice of the Peace, and
as Wm. B. served in that capacity in all his mature life, hence he was called "Squire Billy."
    I knew grandmother "Aunt Polly" very well.  I often visited her in her home.  She died in 1882,
when I was 16.  She told me of the pioneer days, when they first settled on Warriors Fork of
Buffalo Creek without near neighbors, most of them several miles away and had their own
problems to take up their time, so that it was weeks before they saw anyone.  But gradually the
country became settled up, and neighbors became plentiful, even if grandfather's big plantation
kept them at a distance.  They came anyway, on horseback usually, and stayed most of the day. 
Grandmother was very popular.  They called her "Aunt Polly," because of her kind and motherly
attitude towards them.
    She was well trained in the arts and duties of pioneer life.  She knew how to spin yarns from
flax and wool fibers.  She could weave cloth, and fashion her children's clothing from it.  She
could knit socks and stockings, she could milk cows and churn the cream into butter.  She 
cooked the meals, washed and ironed the clothing.  She was a busy woman, well fitted for the
rugged life of an early settler's wife, and taught her daughters to do the many things required of
them in assisting her in caring for the needs of her large family.  If a neighbor was sick or in
distress, Aunt Polly was always on hand to cheer them up or relieve their distress.  She won their
confidence and respect by kindness and real neighborly friendship.  As a boy, I frequently went to
see her, and I still remember how she looked and talked sitting there in her homemade rocker, 
and smoking a clay pipe of home-grown tobacco, deftly scooping up a live coal from the big
fireplace to light the tobacco in her pipe of clay.  She told me many stories of "Injens," "Bars,"
and "painters" (Indians, Bears, and panthers). 

    I sat and listened while she talked of the early days, of the trials and hardships, of family
sickness, of the difficulty of rearing her large brood of children, all so interesting, and told in that
backwoods dialect so common in the early days of Old Virginia.  Education she had none to 
speak of, but she had an excellent store of knowledge of the natural things about her.  She knew
the birds and could imitate their calls to each other.  She knew the different kinds of trees, the
flowers and wild plants of the woods.  Her knowledge of botany was not obtained from books,
but she knew the medicinal value of the wild plants growing in the woods, and of those cultivated
in the garden.  In season she gathered wild ("yarbs") herbs for use in time of sickness and tied
them in bunches and hung them up to dry on the rafters and walls of the weaving room, having a
particular "yarb" for each ailment afflicting the children or any member of the family.  If I
happened to be there and had a "bad" cold, she dosed me with "boneset tea," if I had stomach
ache, which she diagnosed as "bellyache," I was given large doses of tanzy tea.  Of course, I
always recovered, as did the others of the family, and she firmly believed her remedy did the trick. 
It may have been effective, I do not know. Anyway, she had raised a family of healthy, rugged
boys and girls on these simple remedies, for there was no doctor for many miles and so
grandmother applied these simple nature's remedies.  To this day, I can imagine the smell of the
pungent odors of those aromatic "yarbs" herbs hanging on the walls of the weaving room.

         THE CHILDREN OF SQUIRE BILLY and AUNT POLLY 

                            ISABEL 

    The first born of this large family was Isabel.  She was born in 1821, died in 1892.  She was
one of my favorite aunts.  In 1838 she married Elias Kendall, at the age of 17.  Her mother, Aunt
Polly, had trained her in the art of good housekeeping.  Her home of that day was, of course,
quite different from that of the present.  Cooking was done mostly in open fire place.  She baked
bread in Iron pot like oven that stood on three short legs that held it over a bed of live hot coals
raked out of the fireplace.  It had a flat iron lid with a rim around its edge, on which hot coals
were also placed.  So with heat above and below, the bread was completely baked.  Baking was a
hard, hot job, bending over a fireplace, especially in summer.  From the fireplace an iron crane
swung outward with an adjusted hook on which pots of meat and vegetables were hung and
swung back again over the burning logs to stew.  This was how Aunt Isabel for several years did
her cooking.  Later she had a nice wood burning cookstove, in which she prepared most excellent
meals.  This I know, for I partook of many of them in times I visited at their home.
    Elias, her husband, was quiet, and reserved, and gentle to all his neighbors, and was a highly
respected citizen in his community and had no enemies.  They had eight children:  Alva, Sarah
Jane, William B. C., John W. Ramer, and James F., Susan, and Lovina.  Sarah Jane died in
infancy.  James F. also died in childhood.  Of these, I knew W. B. C. the best, he being the more
prominent.  He had several children, among them was Norman F., who was of a fine personality,
and had a good education in the schools of Marion County. He became a teacher of note, was
elected to the state legislature, and was also the author of the Genealogy of the Kendal and
Snodgrass Families.  He now lives in Grafton, W. Va., where he is the president of a Building and
Loan Co.  Another grandson of Isabel who became a leader in his profession, William F. Davis,
who was a son of Susan, a daughter of Isabel.  Susan married Rev. Davis.  They had 2 children,
Mary and William.  Will Davis was a fine architect and builder, and built several courthouses in
different parts of the state.  He and I were about the same age, and were good pals.  His mother
died when he was a child, and <he> was raised by his grandmother Isabel.  We often met and
played together when I visited "Aunt Ibby."  Will was married and lived in Sutton, where he died
a few years ago.

       THE SECOND CHILD, SARAH SNODGRASS, "AUNT SALLY" 

    "Aunt Sally" was born in 1822, died in 1895.  She married Davis Toothman, and they had nine
children, Jesse, William, Christopher, James, Ebenezer, Mary, (Frank & Lee) twins, and John L.,
known as "Bub" until he grew to an age when he chose his own name.  His parents could never
agree on a name.  "Bub" at least was satisfied by a name of his own choosing.
    The family grew as typical "Hillbillies."  They knew but little of the outside world.  They had
little education and were uncouth in manners and the customary refinements of others, outside
their immediate community.  However, there was a single exception in the family.  Frank, one of
the twins, somehow succeeded in acquiring enough learning to pass a teacher's examination
and teach for awhile in the rural schools of the county.  But he always maintained the world was
flat and taught this to his pupils.  But to give him credit, he had his son Homer educated in the
best schools available in the state of W. Va.  This son of Frank, after his graduation, taught in
county schools, was elected County Superintendent of Schools, and later as Sheriff of the
County.  Through education, he rose from a lowly family of hillbillys to the highest position of
county officer, honored and respected, a credit to his family and friends.
    Aunt Sally loved company.  She liked to visit friends and relatives.  In conversation she was
very entertaining, and people expected to hear the latest gossip, or a ritzy story, or newest joke,
of which she always had a stock to regale her listeners.  In those times there were no hospitals,
and but few doctors, so it was necessary that some elderly woman who had a competent
knowledge of childbirth and to be on hand at the time when the stork was expected to arrive in
the neighborhood.  This woman was called a midwife and performed the duties of a doctor in
child delivery.  Aunt Sally was a midwife of those early days, and brought many babies into
existence.  For this useful service now obsolete and almost a forgotten one, was very much
appreciated by her neighbors.  If they were able to pay her a small fee, she was grateful.  If they
were poor, there was no charge.
    Of Uncle Davis, her husband, I knew but little, for I never saw him but a few times.  He never
seemed to go anywhere.  If any business matters required attention, he sent one of the boys to
look after it.  To me, he was just another uncle.

                       FRANK SNODGRASS 

    Frank was born in 1824 and died in 1905, the first son born to Squire Billy and Aunt Polly.  
He grew up and became a blacksmith, at a time when his trade was a very important one, for he
was the "handy man," and anything made of metal he repaired or made new, if necessary.  Of the
many farm implements he made, I remember some of them:  hoes, mattocks, axes, plow points,
swivel hooks, clevises and log chains, and the most needed were horseshoes and the nails used to
attach them to the horses hoofs.  He was always busy making things, or repairing them, as he
stood at his flaming forge, with the lever of bellows in hand, blowing the coal fire into white heat,
in which was the iron or steel to be formed on the anvil into the part he needed for the work
being done.  He also made rifles, too, and was considered as an expert in shooting them.  A good
rifle was a valued treasure at that time, when squirrels, wild turkeys, quail, pheasants, were so
abundant.
    He married Susan Price.  They had no children, but Aunt Susan (Price), "Aunt Sood," was a
lovely woman and dearly loved children, and was always ready to help clothe and feed the poor
and unfortunate children.  She adopted several of them, raising them.  One I remember in
particular, Edward Clayton, a boy of my own age, and was a playmate.  In later life, Ed married
and located in Moundsville, W. Va.  Here he was elected sheriff of Marshall County, and was 
also a Justice of the Peace of that county.  Aunt Sood was a wonderful cook and kept a bountiful
supply of sorghum cookies and delicious dried apple pies on hand.  A child never left her door
without a pocketful of cookies or a generous slab of pie.  To this day, I have a fond recollection
of dear old Aunt "Sood."

                     ALPHEUS R. SNODGRASS 

    Born in 1826, died in 1916.  He married Christena Parrish.  They had no children.  He was a
farmer, but I knew little of him or Aunt "Teany."  They did not mix well in society, but took
pleasure in living alone.  I never visited them.  Without children, there was no playmates to 
attract my interest.  But I did know that they were highly respected by their neighbors.  An
accident of which I do not recall, caused the loss of sight in one eye to Uncle Alph.  This 
probably kept him from mixing with his friends and relatives.

                      JESSE F. SNODGRASS 

    Born in 1828, died in 1906.  He married Sarah Cunningham.  They had nine children:  Riley,
David, Marcellus, (Eugene and Ulyssus) twins, Joseph, Fanny, Rose, and Trainer.  Jesse F. was   
a Methodist Preacher, and was regarded as above the average in that profession by the members
of his church.  Aunt Sarah was the daughter of a Methodist Minister, and was well fitted for
church work, and was highly regarded by the church community.  Uncle Jesse lived in an
adjoining county, and I had no opportunity of knowing him or his family personally.

                       LOVINA SNODGRASS 

    Born 1830, died 1868.  She married James Ice.  They had one son, Ambrose, nicknamed
"Bud."  Her husband, James, was killed on a farm, near Farmington, W. Va.  A raiding party of
Federal soldiers were conscripting farm horses for use in the Civil War.  James objected to their
taking away these animals indispensable to the farm work.  In the altercation, he was shot and
killed by the soldiers. Soon after this, Aunt Lovina died. Being but a child, I have no recollection
of her or her family, and am unable to write of her personally.

                      JOHN D. SNODGRASS 

    Born in 1831, died in 1913.  Uncle John married Rebecah Millan.  They had four children: 
Frank, George, Mary, and William, all of whom grew to maturity and raised families. Uncle John
was my father's brother, and Aunt Rebecah was my mother's sister, so that we children were
closely related, being double cousins.  Uncle John was never very ambitious.  He hated hard 
labor, and was inclined to take life easy.  He claimed to have lost his health while serving in the
Federal army during the Civil War.  It at least gave him an excuse for not doing any hard work. 
His sons, Frank and William, went to the western States and were finally lost to my knowledge. 
George married and <had> children and lived near Mannington, where some of his family are still
living.  Mary married Oliver McIntire and lived in Doddridge County, W. Va.

                     ENOS ERWIN SNODGRASS 

    Enos, my father, was born 1833, died in 1925. He married Mary Millan. They had six children:
    Alpheus Sedwick    born 1857 died ----
    Charlotte Avaline   "   1859  "   1946
    William Jackson     "   1861  "   ----
    James Fielding      "   1866  "   ----
    Albert Ferdinan     "   1868  "   1946
    Francis Hilford     "   1872  
A separate sketch of each will be presented later, when the story of Squire Billy & Aunt Polly's
children has been recorded.
    Father Enos E. grew up in the large family of Squire Billy.  He did not have much chance of
acquiring an education.  There were no free schools, but the state had a system of subscription
schools, by which parents paid for each child in attendance.  While the teacher was not licensed 
to teach, often teacher himself could barely read or write.  However, my father did have a fair
knowledge of the three R's, Reading, 'Riting, and 'Rithmatic.  Not much else was deemed
necessary.  
    He loved reading, and took advantage of reading any books he could find, on any subject. 
However father succeeded in gaining a higher education than the average of his day.  Once, he
found a copy of the Statutes of the State of Virginia, covering the laws of that state.  Having a
good memory, he could relate anything he read almost word for word.  He carefully memorized
the Virginia laws, and was able to quote to his friends much of its contents, so that his opinion on
points of law were in demand.  Father had a gift of speech that enabled him to talk on most any
subject intelligently.  This, and a good knowledge of law, helped him to decide to become a
lawyer.  After going thru certain formalities, he was admitted to practice, and for a time he was
successful.  But many of his associates were men who drank.  He joined them. This gradually
grew to be a habit, one that worked a hardship on the entire family.  Father served in the Civil
War, and was appointed as Clerk of his company, which excused him from many other duties of
his company.  For this service in the Union Army, he obtained a pension from the government,
small at first, but as time passed, he received an increase occasionally.  When he grew old and
infirm, he was admitted to the Old Soldiers Home in Dayton, Ohio, where he died at the age 
of 93 years.

                         MARY MILLAN 

    The wife and mother of Enos E's children, was born March 10, 1835, died in July 1885 at the
age of 50.  She died of tuberculosis, at that time when her family needed her so much, and the 3
younger children were much in need of her love and care, that she had always given us so
generously.  The 3 older ones had left home and were making their own way in the world. 
Consequently our home was broken up and the 3 of us left homeless.  Here I would like to pay
high tribute to my mother in praise of her devotion to home and children, but I hesitate to do so,
because any attempt of mine would be too feeble and inadequate to do her that high level of
justice she deserved.  

                      RACHAEL SNODGRASS 

    Born 1836, died (  ) date of death unknown.  Rachael married Enoch Evans. They had eight
children.  They were:  William, Ellery, Milcah<?>, Lee, Modock, Mary, Elsworth and Rinda. 
Uncle Enoch and Aunt Rachael were thrifty farmers, hard working and prosperous and had a
good substantial home and farm, which was above the average.  Uncle Enoch built a big frame
barm, one of the first of its kind in that part of the country.  I often visited at their home, which
was a real pleasure, and always received a warm welcome from the boys Ellery, Lee, and Dock,
they being near my age and were real farm boys, always having on hand a large supply of
popcorn, nuts, apples, cider and all farm products with which to entertain friends and kinfolks.  It
was often said that Aunt Rachael had never been out of the county and never ridden on a train. 
The B & O Railway being only a few miles away.

        WILLIAM BURL SNODGRASS

    Born 1837, died in 1868.  Named for his father, "Squire Billy."  I
have
scarcely any record of him, because he died shortly after I was born. 
He was
married, and his wife's name unknown, but they had one daughter, Bell,
who
married a man by the name of Martin.

SILAS V. SNODGRASS

    Born 1840, death unknown.  He married Christine Hays and soon
afterward
went to St. Cloud, Minn. to live, taking up free government land, and
became
a
prosperous farmer.  They had several children, Alphaus, Joseph,
William, and
Frank.  There may have been others.  It has been known that one of his
sons
was elected sheriff of the county in which they lived.  They seemed to
be
thrifty, prosperous, and made good citizens of their adopted state of
Minnesota.

JAMES F. SNODGRASS

    Born 1842, died 1848.  The only child of Squire Billy and Aunt Polly
to
die in childhood.  In honor of his memory, my parents gave to me his
full
name, james Fielding.  Dying at an early age, he left no record.

MARYANN SNODGRASS

    Born in 1844, died 1917.  She married George M. Ice.  They had five
children:  James, Modock, Lourena, Renolds, and Clarence.  Aunt
Mary Ann
was a
very fine looking woman, with a captivating smile, and one could not
help to
love and admire her.  She was kind and most charming.  She had a fine
family
of children, and her husband was much liked by his neighbors.  He was
a good
farmer, besides having a grist mill and ground corn and feed for the
community.  He also conducted a small grocery.  Maryanne had
inherited the
old
home of Squire Billy, and this had been for many years a meeting place
for
friends.  This tradition was still kept up, and to entertain them Uncle
George
built a race track for horse-racing and crowds gathered at week ends to
see
the races and other amusements connected with the races.  Memories of
Uncle
George and Aunt Maryann linger still in my mind, of their kindness to
me
when
I was a homeless lad.  I staid with them one winter and went to school
at the
old Snodgrass schoolhouse.  I helped Jim and Dock keep the firewood
cut for
the big fireplace, and feed the farm stock, and any other chores that had
to
be done.  There was always a generous supply of food, and I shared a
bed
with
the boys.

REBECAH SNODGRASS

    Born in 1847, died 1912.  The youngest child of Squire Billy's family.
She married Edward Fetty, and they had several children.  I have no
record of
their names, except Leroy, a son, working in the coal mines at
Farmington, W.
Va.  He was mentioned in the newspapers for his heroic rescue of some
miners
entombed by an explosion in the mines.  He took desperate chances, but
was
successful in saving many lives.  For this he received the highest praise
by
the local news.  

    Her husband was a common laborer at a time when labor was scarse
and
poorly paid.  His financial condition was never very good.  Aunt
"Becca" was
above average in looks and personality, as I remember her.

   SQUIRE BILLY'S FAMILY CONCLUDED

    This is the end of my record of a large family reared in the wild
rugged
hills of Western Virginia.  This was Virginia to Squire Billy and all the
members of his family.  The State of West Virginia had not been
created as
yet.  Grandfather and Aunt Polly and their children were all Virginians,
even
my two older brothers and my sister were born as Virginians.  They
were
raised
to manners and customs of that state, and they were always proud of
being
citizens of the "Old Dominion."

    When the Civil War broke out and the Federal union saw the
strategic
advantages of the control of that part of the state and to reduce the
strength
of the then powerful Virginia, began to colonize it with people of
northern
principles and beliefs, who soon were numerous enough to vote for a
separation
from Virginia.  This was accomplished, and on June 20, 1863, West
Virginia
became a seperate state.  Had not the Civil War occurred, this would
still be
a part of Virginia.

    Since that time many years have passed, and large commercial
bituminous
coal mines have been opened to shipment of millions of tons of coal out
of the
state, consequently Eastern capital flowed into state, largely increasing
its
wealth and population, emigrant miners from Penn. and Europe.  Quite
a
different class of people from the settlers of grandfathers day colonized
the
mining districts.  The mine operators were as a rule Union supporters,
and
controlled the votes of the miners so that for many years West Va.
could be
counted as a Union State.  I remember its first Governor, appointed by
Lincoln, Frances Pierpont, a native of our county.  Of course, he was an
ex-Governor, long before I was born he had been the state's first
governor.

        CHILDREN OF ENOS SNODGRASS and MARY
MILLAN

    Enos E. and Mary Millan were married in the year 1855.  Their first
son,
Alphaus Sedwick, was born May 31, 1857 in Marion County, Virginia. 
He
lived
at home with his parents until about 16 years of age, and being of a
roving
disposition and had heard and read much of the growing West, and of
its great
rich prairie lands, its high mountain ranges, its mighty rivers, and barren
deserts, with its great empty space, where deer, antelope, and buffalo
roamed
over grazing lands, and savage Indians were destroying homes of the
American
settlers from the eastern states, who dared invasion of their rich hunting
lands.  He had read of an Indian called Sitting Bull, who had purchased
rifles
from the Canadian Fur Traders and was keeping the country in an
uproar by
raiding settlements with tribes of Indians he trained to use these rifles
expertly.  He also read of the glamorous story of Buffalo Bill, a
government
scout who had kept the standing army supplied with meat by the
slaughter of
the vast herd of Buffalo grazing on the wide plains.

    It was an intriguing story for a boy his age.  The West was calling
him,
he thought, to come out to that great open space, to hunt these wild
animals,
become a government scout, and fight Indians.  Many a boy has had the
same
thoughts, some of them to their everlasting sorrow, knowing nothing of
the
hardships that they would have to endure.  Not having any money, or
friends
out there, he made the adventure, riding freight trains, getting a little
food
now and then at backdoors in towns passed through, he finally landed in
Dakota
Territory, where there was an Army post, tired, hungry, with no place
to
sleep.  These things he must have:  food, clothes, and a place to sleep,
which
were very difficult to obtain where even the settlers struggled for
existence.
There he was at the end of the Railroad without money, starved and
exhausted.
Pride would not let him return.  He applied at the Army Post to enlist as
a
soldier.

    They questioned his age, which he had given as 18, the age of
eligibility
at that time, but finally took <him> as a recruit for 4 years with the
magnificent salary of $10.00 per month, with clothing (uniform), board
and
sleeping quarters while in camp at the Army Post.  There was nothing
else a
starving, homeless boy could do.  He served the 4 years, sometimes
chasing
some of Sitting Bull's raiders back across the Canadian border.  At the
end of
his enlistment he came back home, but he had been in the army too long
to
settle down.  He went back and reenlisted at another Army Post, and
while
not
engaged in Custer's last fight with the Indians, his division was there the
next day and buried the dead soldiers on the battlefield.  He was much
older
than I, consequently I knew very little of him personally.  But I do
remember
how mother grieved about him.  Because of his association with <the>
army,
he
had become wayward and reckless, and often did things that caused her
to
worry.  The last we heard of him, he was still in the army, and probably
died
as a soldier in the ranks.

        CHARLOTTE A. SNODGRASS

    The only daughter in the family of my parents, Lottie, as we always
called
her, was born Oct (  ) 1859, died Mch (  ) 1946.  She never married. 
She left
home at an early age to earn her own living.  She had been trained by
mother
in the art of good housekeeping and was an excellent cook.  She was
engaged
as
a domestic in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Straight in the village of
Barrackville, Marion Co., W. Va.  They had no children, so they
practically
adopted her as their own.  Mrs. Straight had been raised in "Old
Virginia," in
the days of slavery, when colored servants did all the work and the
white
folks were brought <up> and educated to <be> ladies of quality and
leisure.
Aunt Mary STraight was indeed a typical Virginian, kind, considerate,
and
generous to everyone, and was highly educated.  My sister was treated
so
kindly by Aunt Mary and Edgar Straight, that she never left them. 
When they
died, she was left homeless.  She lived with a Mrs. Hall, a neighbor, and
when
Mrs. Hall died, she was again without a home, and was getting along in
years,
being unable to work and earn a living.  We placed her in a convalesent
home
for the aged in Cleveland, Ohio.  This was a private home for aged and
infirm
persons, for which a monthly charge was collected.  It was a very good
place,
clean, with good food and beds.  There being about 10 other boarders
of her
age to associate with and my sister seemed to like it there where she
died Mch
(  ) 1946, at the age of 87.

      WILLIAM JACKSON SNODGRASS

    Son of Enos and Mary Snodgrass, was born in 1861, died (date
unknown). 
He
also left home at an early age, working in the neighborhood wherever
he could
find employment.  Billy, we called him, was a good student and learned
rapidly
in the free schools provided by the state at this time.  At the age of 18
he
passed an examination for teachers, making fair grades, which entitled
him to
a teacher's certificate and permitted him to teach, a highly credited and
honored calling then.  After he began teaching, he married Anna West. 
His
wife had relatives or friends living near Trinity, Texas, who highly
praised
that state as a Promised Land for the opportunities offered there.  They
begged them to come down and locate there, which they did.  A child
was
born
to them, but died in infancy.  Billy taught school there in winter, and
worked
at a sawmill thru the summer vacation.  They did not write often, and
finally
did not write at all.  We found out by her people both had died in a
short
time of each other, and were buried in Texas.

JAMES F. SNODGRASS
Son of Enos E. & Mary Millan Snodgrass
    The writer of this Record of the Snodgrass Family

    James Fielding was born May 24, 1866, in Marion County, W. Va.,
about
10
miles west of the town of Mannington, on a part of the large estate
once
owned
by "Squire Billy," his grandfather, in a small, one-roomed log cabin on
land
Squire Billy had given to his daughter Rachael (Evans).  After father
moved
from there, it was used as a storage barn for hay.

    Father was always moving from one place to another.  Each year it
seemed
we lived in a different place and a different school to attend.  I
remember
the first school I attended.  It was the Logansport School.  The village
then
consisted of a grist mill, a store, and a blacksmith shop, with half doz.
homes.  The schoolhouse stood about one half mile down Buffalo
Creek. 
Well do
I remember the teacher.  His name was George Sturgeon.  He was a
homely
man of
perhaps 40 years, bewhiskered, uncouth, and uneducated.  He read and
wrote
with difficulty.  These two subjects with spelling, arithmetic, and
geography,
was the extent of his efforts to teach about 60 boys and girls, aged from
six
to twenty one.  It was a strange school of big, husky farm boys and
girls, who
were but little inclined to study and less inclined to be orderly.  It
seemed
that the teacher was continually punishing some of these unruly boys
with a
big, tough hickory switch he always kept lying on his desk.  I was six
years
old at the time and could read most all of the little stories in the first,
second, and third readers, which I had learned at home.  In any of my
studies
I never was above average.  Arithmetic was difficult and I had no
training in
language or English grammar until I was eighteen.  The truth is, I was
woefully deficient in most all the studies taught in the common schools
of my
time.  In after years, when I grew up and was without much education,
I saw
how badly I needed it.  

    Fortunately for me, in my last year in school I had an outstanding
teacher.  His name was John T. Beall, who had been a teacher in the
country
schools of Marion County, W. Va., for a number of years.  His
education was
limited.  He was a Confederate soldier.  He enlisted at the age of 15 and
served in the army of <the> losing side.  When the war was over he
could
read,
write, and spell, but not much more, he told me.  Times were bad, and
there
was no employment, so he obtained some school books and studied
them at
the
age of 21 until he became familiar with the few subjects taught.  He had
by
his own efforts learned proficiently all of the different branches of
knowledge required of a teacher.  He had something more.  He had the
ability
to pass this knowledge on to his pupils.  The year I spent under his
teaching
did me more good than all my previous years of school work.  I was
inspired
with the thought that what he did as a self-educated teacher, I could do,
also.  I put forth my very best effort in my studies and when the school
term
was about to close, he asked me to work for him on his little hill side
farm,
near the district schoolhouse.

    I did gladly accept his kindly offer.  While in his home, he never
ceased
his efforts to help me to improve my studies in school work.  He had
determined to prepare me for teaching.  And when a teachers'
examination
came
up, he took me along for registration.  I took the test as a number 3
teacher,
the lowest possible grade.  At that low grade, I received a teacher's
certificate and taught in a country school in Pine Grove School, in
Fairmont
School District.  Each year I tried to better my grade.  Soon I had a
second
and finally I secured a first-grade certificate, the top for a rural teacher.
Altho I had worked and studied hard to accomplish this advancement, I
still
lacked much of being a high grade teacher of outstanding qualification. 
I was
always considered of medium grade, by myself, and perhaps by others. 
However,
I was elected as one of the Teachers Examinary Board, and served two
terms
in
that capacity.  This Board held Teachers Examinations and passed on
ability
to
qualify as teachers.

    In March 1889 I married Minerva Conaway, a daughter of a
successful
farmer
near Barrackville, W. Va.  We had two children, Fred C., born June 10
1890,
Mary Elizabeth, born Sep 1891.  Minerva was a good wife and a fine
mother. 
We
were both happy, and enjoyed a happy married life for only a few short
years.
An epidemic of typhoid fever scourged the community.  Minerva
contracted
this
dreaded disease and died in about 10 days.  To me this was a terrible
calamity.  A grand, good woman had gone, two small children
motherless, my
home entirely destroyed.  The loneliest moment of my life. 
Heartbroken and
in
despair, I sold my home, placed the children with relatives, and again
homeless and lonely I left the state to start life all over again.  I went to
Oberlin, Ohio, where I had teachers training in mind.  Needing
employment, I
took up telegraphy as a means of securing work, which was a long,
tedious art
for me to learn.  After about a year I was transferred to Cairo, Ohio, to
get
a practical knowledge of Railway Telegraphy.  After a few months, I
was
ready
for a job.

    About this time, a teacher in the village school was dismissed by the
School Board on account of having no control of unruly pupils.  They
began
looking for a teacher to fill the vacancy.  At this time, most all teachers
had employment.  A member of the board came to me and saying he
had heard
I
had been a teacher, saying if I wanted the job, it was open for
consideration.
My funds were low, I needed to have an income to pay my expenses, so
I
took
the job.  After trying to learn an intricate job like telegraphy and was
ready
to go to work at it, I was now very unexpectedly back in the ranks of
teaching.

    Here in Ohio, laws and methods were very different from my former
experience.  I had to start all over again.  It required study and hard
work
to fit myself to the Ohio method.  In some way, I held this job for three
years and taught in several schools afterward.

    In the mean time, I married again.  This time it was Susan Snider, a
daughter of George Snider, the Cairo village grocer.  She was his store
clerk
and bookkeeper.  Believe it or not, we are still married, and will
celebrate
our 53rd anniversary in a few days, Mch 17.  A long time, but then life
has
been pleasant thru all the many years.  We have one son, Philip Albert
Snodgrass.

    After nine years of school work, I took a job as timekeeper and
payroll
clerk with the Ohio Electric Railway.  After working at this for seven
years,
I was employed by the State of Ohio in the Lima State Hospital, in
several
different jobs:  Attendant, Supervisor, Storekeeper, and last was
employed as
Chief Clerk, a very responsible position at that time.  The Chief Clerk
was
really the business manager then.  This job was held for 23 1/2 years,
until
the retirement age of 70, but I ran beyond that age a year or more, on
account
of an age error shown on my original application blank.

    My retirement was Jan. 1, 1939, on a small compensation paid for by
a pay
roll deduction over a period of years.  Since that time, I have spent
most
winters in Florida.

         ALBERT F. SNODGRASS

    Son of Enos E. and Mary Millan Snodgrass, was born April 23,
1868.  Bert
was a happy-go-lucky boy, with a smile for everybody.  This fine
personality
won him many friends.  Like the others in our family <he> was forced
to shift
for himself at an early age.  After our mother passed away he was
homeless,
and had a hard time to obtain food and other necessaries.  So one day at
the
age of 17, he and a cousin rode a freight to Newark, Ohio, where he
got a job
as brakeman on a B & O freight-train.  This job was a short one, on
account
of
an accident occuring while on duty.  He had a badly mashed leg, and
was sent
to Columbus, Ohio, where the Railroad employees were hospitalized by
the
Ry.
company.  When convalescent from his injuries, he spent his time in a
nearby
barber shop.  They paid him for his work in keeping the shop clean and
taught
him the barber trade.  

    After becoming proficient in this business, he went to Cleveland,
Ohio,
and opened a shop of his own.  Being fairly successful, he married a
Miss
Lecta Dutton, a daughter of a widow whom he had known in
Columbus. 
Lecta was
a good woman, a nice housekeeper, and above average in intelligence. 
They
had
two children, Ruth and Robert, who grew to maturity, and another
dying in
infancy.  Ruth married Carl Miller, raising a family of boys.  Carl died
and
she married again.  She is now Mrs. Ruth Swindler, and with her
husband lives
at 745 Babbett Road, Euclid, Ohio.

    The son Robert enlisted in the first world war, but being under age,
Bert
secured his release.  Shortly after this he married.  They had a son
Robert
II, who now lives in Cleveland.  Bert's son "Bob" died in a motorcycle
accident in Cleveland.  After the death of his wife Lecta, Bert lived with
his
daughter Ruth.  One day in crossing the street, he was sturck by a truck
&
badly injured, from the effects of which, he died, year of 1946.  

    Bert was my best known brother.  The older ones had left home
before I
had
much recollection of them, but with Bert it was different.  We grew up
together, slept in the same bed, went to the same school together, went
swimming together, hunted and fished and played games together.  In
fact, we
were "pals," and what one had, the other shared.

       FRANK HILLFORD SNODGRASS

    Frank was born May 1st 1872.  He was never very strong.  He was
probably
of T.B. tendency, the malady prevalent in the Millan family, and from
which
Mother died.  Frank was a good student and took a business course in
an
Ohio
Business School, and did bookkeeping in Mannington, W. Va.  He was
of a
saving
disposition, and when he had accumulated some money, went to
Galveston,
Texas,
on a doctor's recommendation.  He needed outdoor work and exercise
to
benefit
his health.  He bought a few acres of land, built a cabin, and started
raising
garden truck and poultry.  He was successful until a terrible hurricane
swept
in from the nearby Gulf of Mexico.  Big waves of Gulf water rolled
over the
land destroying his house and poultry plant and injuring him badly. 
They
found him in the branches of a tree, from which he was rescued more
dead
than
alive.  The Red Cross took charge of the many homeless and destitute
by this
great Galveston flood that destroyed a large area of this city.  Frank's
health and flood injuries required hospitalization.  The hospitals of
Galveston were filled.  The Red Cross sent him to a hospital in
Memphis,
Tenn.
He arrived there without money, everything having been lost in the
flood.  His
recovery was slow.  When he did get better, the Red Cross found
employment
for
him, and being of a thrifty, saving turn, he again prospered, and lived in
Memphis for several years, engaging in hotel operation and made a
financial
success.  He retired and went to California.

    Before going to Texas he had married, his wife dying within the year.
They had no children.  After his locating in California he quit writing
after
a time, and it has been many years since we heard from him.  I feel that
he
died some time ago, or we would probably have heard from him.

      CONCLUDING CHAPTER OF THE SNODGRASS
GENEALOGY
         and Personal Reminiscences of the Family

    Legendary stories maintain the original stock of the family were of
Irish
origin.  I feel that this is not an established truth.  The fact that they
first settled in a strictly English Colony, that of Pennsylvania, settled by
Wm. Penn under a grant from England, leads me to believe they were
of
English
origin.  Later they located in Virginia, which was decidedly another
English
Colony.  Their manners & actions were purely English.  There were in
England
at that time, and still are, many families of that name.  Later Chas.
Dickens
used the name in one of his stories, proving that it was a common
English
name
at that time.

    When I was a boy growing up in the hills that were present along
Buffalo
Creek where we lived, on a part of Grandfather Squire Billy's estate,
many of
the old members of the Snodgrass family claimed to be of Norman
descent,
and
when William the Norman Conqueror invaded England, among his
petty
officers
was a captain Snow De Grasse, which after a time became Snodgrass
by
English
manner of spelling.

         
         
         
         
############################################################################
##
     
     
       
        APPENDIX TWO -- FLORENCE SHINGLETON
LETTER

<handwritten paper from the files of the Snodgrass Clan; do not know
to
whom
this letter was written>

Florence Shingleton:
     Now will begin on the Snodgrass family history.  Really traced it
back on
the
Snodgrass 
line to my Great, Great, Great Grandfather William Snodgrass Sr.,
Great,
Great
Grandfather
William Jr., Great Grandfather Thomas Haymond Snodgrass, my
Grandfather
John
Jefferson
Snodgrass, my Father George Thomas Snodgrass.
     The Haymond Family:  John Haymond came from England to
Frederick
County
Maryland
where he settled, but his sons William and Calder came to Monongalia
County, Va.
and
settled 
on land grants of 400 acres each on Pricketts Creek, that is now just
out of
Fairmont. 
William 
later went to Clarksburg, W. Va. and was a major in the Revolutionary
War.
     Calder Haymond is our ancestor, had three sons Thomas, Edward
and
John. Four
daughters,
Eleanor married a Hall, Elizabeth married William Snodgrass Jr., Sabra
married a
Dawson, 
Nancy married a Holt.  Two of these daughters were proved by my
research.
     Thomas Haymond Snodgrass (Tom's Grandfather) married Anna
Higginbotham
and
William
Higginbotham her brother married a Sabra Snodgrass the daughter of
William
Snodgrass
Jr. and
Elizabeth Haymond.  You can readily see that our part of the Snodgrass
family
carried the 
Haymond name right down to this generation.  My father's name being
George
Thomas and
his
brother Calder Green Snodgrass.
     The first Calder Haymond (our ancestor) served for a short while
during
the
Revolutionary 
War in Zachquel Morgan's Company in Monongalia County, now
Marion
County.  I
became a
member of the Daughters of the Revolution on this line.
     I have documentary proof of all statements in the foregoing part of
letter,
and
thought
perhaps
you and your family would be interested in reading same.  But again
perhaps
some of
your
family
have made research along the same lines and it will mean nothing to
you.
     (Daughter Mary Elnora is at meeting this evening, so as I am alone
thought
it was
a
good time 
to write this lengthy letter.  My typing isn't what it used to be, for as
you well
know I
am in 
my 81st year and have arthritis in some of my fingers.  The <doctor>
tells me
to
keep them 
moving, so I do most letters on my Old Remington.)
     Tom's grandfather is my Great Grandfather.  How well I remember
Uncle
Wilson
and
family.  
In later years when we lived in Clarksburg Bertha and Granville lived
right by
us. 
And after 
we moved to Fairmont 45 years ago, they were here to see us and we
were up
to
Glendale
a 
couple of times.
         
         
         
         
******************************************************************************


         
         
         
############################################################################ 
 
  
     
     
     WEST VIRGINIA SOURCE BOOK --SNODGRASS
FAMILY

     APPENDIX 3 -- RICK TOOTHMAN LETTERS to
Sandy
Miller


(incomplete)
land before his death, and the deed may have included a clause stating
that
this was to be Charles Jr.'s portion of the estate.

     Children of the younger marriage are named in an 8 Jan 1810
guardianship
bond given by Barbary Snodgrass, Charles' 2nd wife (Monongalia
Court
Records
Env. 165-A).  Nathan and Noah Matheny were her co-signers.  This
probably
has
to do with the fact that Nathan Matheny was engaged in buying up
Charles's
property and, since there were minor children involved, a guardian was
needed
to protect their rights.  Matheny sold the land to John Smith around
1820 and
seems to have moved to Ohio where, in the 1830s, he married (3rd
wife)
Barbary Snodgrass.

     So far as I am able to tell at present, only John and Charles Jr. of
Charles's children, stayed in this area.  The two daughters were
unmarried as
of 1811 and haven't yet been traced in marriages etc. here.  It may be
that
most of them went to Ohio, as they had sold off their inherited
property.
Charles Jr. had a small holding on Pharaoh's Run, while John seems to
have
acquired land, perhaps by patent, in what is now western Mannington
Dist.

     John's children, somewhat different from the list Kendall gives, are
listed in the papers of #CC 1172, Andrew Campbell vs. John
Snodgrass's
heirs,
filed 1870 in Marion Co. chancery court.  Campbell had undertaken,
per an
1863
agreement between him and John, to support the old man and old lady
for the
rest of their lives, in return for which, it was agreed, he was to receive
John's 100 acre farm on Rush Run.  A copy of the agreement is
enclosed. 
You
may find it interesting, if only because it was evidently drafted, and
certainly written, by Squire Billy Snodgrass, who also signs as witness. 
The
whole paper is in his handwriting.

     John died before he could make a deed to Campbell, and so
Campbell filed
suit in 1870 vs. the other heirs, in order to get a clear title.  Included
with the lawsuit file are a couple of John's family (through his son
William
m. Harriett Matheny, who must be of the Moses Matheny family, from
Flat
Run).
[vss - this bit is in error!  John & Anna's son William was in IN 1870's
according to
Marion County Chancery Court Case #1172, April 1870, and Marion
Co
Chancery
Court Case #2303, March 1874 ... Wm. s/o John and Anna is probably
the
Wm. who
married Keziah Dawson, as THAT is the only Wm. so far identified as
1) b.
1804
VA/WV,
2) living in IN on 1870 census.  The William who married Harriet that
Toothman
mentions
here, is actually s/o Thomas H. Snodgrass and Anna!  AND the
Chancery
Court case
lists
all of John & Anna's children - even two dead sons and THEIR
children.]
Of William B's family, Sarah (Davis Toothman), Frank (Susannah
Price), and
Alpheus (Christiana Parrish) all marry toward Plum Run.  I'm still not
certain
that there isn't a tie through Anna Snodgrass, old John's wife.

     Jesse Price, born Dec 1789 or Jan 1790, was the oldest son of Amos
and
Rachel Price, but he did have an older sister, it appears from the 1790
and
1800 censuses.  Anna Snodgrass's age would fit almost perfectly, as
would her
Maryland birthplace.  But Susanna Catherine Fitzsimmons (born ca.
1784) of
Mohans Run strikes me as an equally good candidate, and just as
mysterious!
Names of children in the John/Anna family don't particularly remind me
of any
other family, so it's pretty hazy.  I'm still very aggrieved that her death
record doesn't give even her maiden surname.

     Charles Snodgrass's family should be pretty easy to establish.  There
are
a couple of deeds which name his heirs and seem to include all or nearly
all
children of both marriages.  His second wife, Barbary, later moved to
Washington Co., OH, where she married Nathan Matheny Jr. in the
early
1830s.
Back in Monongalia Co., in the 1810s, Matheny had bought most of
Charles
Snodgrass's land from the family; he was also surety on Barbary's
guardianship
bond for hers and Charles's children.  I located an indenture in
Monongalia
court records which establishes that Charles Jr. was son to Charles Sr.--
though I don't believe he is mentioned in the deeds to Matheny. 
Charles Jr.,
who was born about 1786, was indentured to Jacob Foulk (whose
daughter
Sarah
he later married), to learn the art and mystery of a potter, 1803. 
Charles
Sr. was administrator for a man whose name appears to have been
James
Tomsen
(Thompson?) in the late 1790s.  The name is very badly written.  I don't
know
if there is any connection, yet.

     One puzzling character, also from an indenture, is Sollomon
Snodgrass
(not a very characteristic family name), "a pore orphant boy whose
parents are
not abel to maintaine, of the age of six years", indentured on 20 Nov
1804.
His parents are not named in the indenture, but if he was an orphan,
they were
probably dead.

     Joseph Snodgrass, born 17 Feb 1784 (his birthdate is mentioned in
the
paper), was apprenticed in 1800 to Caleb Tanzey, to learn the art of a
house
carpenter and joiner.  John Dent was his guardian, but no mention of his
parents.  If he had a guardian, he must have been fatherless.  I might get
somewhere with this by checking the index to see if Dent gave bond as
guardian
for anyone.  This may be the same Joseph who, with James Snodgrass,
was
indicted in 1812 for assault & battery on James Hayhurst.  James was
presumably son to Charles Snodgrass (d. 1808), but Joseph doesn't
seem to
belong to the same family group.  (The assault & battery case is part of
a
longer story, which I'll sum up in more detail next letter!)

     In 1809 a William Snodgrass was allowed $7.50 of the $30 annual
payment
from Overseers of the Poor, for support of his sons James and John.  I
have
no
idea who this is.  I doubt that it's William (1751-1832), but no one else
seems of quite the right age.  (I think Charles had a son William, per
deeds.)

     Well, this is a sample of the sort of thing on hand here.  There are
generally lapses in the records just where you want to find something,
though.
Cases are introduced, witnesses summoned, but you can't figure out
what
happened!  A William Snodgrass, probably William (1751-1833)
testified in
the
case of Merrill vs. Batten, 1804.  He spoke so very cautiously on the
record
that he sounds like a lawyer, and this makes me wonder if he was,
indeed, the
same William who was sued for assault and battery by John Francisco,
1796,
or
the same William who slandered George Foulk in 1807--though it must
have
been.
And he must be the William who was appointed constable in 1803 and
who
renewed
his bond 1805.

     Blue Jim Snodgrass's date of death is always given as 1796, though I
believe it was 1786.  Withers's BORDER WARFARE is the source, and
"1796" in
Withers's text is an obvious typo.  In fact, Withers tells of deaths of
Snodgrass and Ice, and then goes on to say that "a few weeks later" the
Indians came to Buffalo and attacked the Straights and Dragoos--a raid
that
can be dated positively because it was  also mentioned in the
PITTSBURGH
GAZETTE and picked up in a couple of eastern papers, October 1786. 
I find
nothing to suggest that Ice and Snodgrass died as late as 1796 or 1797,
as
some sources give it.  Their estates weren't turned over for
administration
during the period for which records survived, i.e. 1796 onward.  If they
had
died that late, at least one of their estates should have gotten into the
court records, but evidently neither did.

     For Frank Snodgrass of your line, so far I find nothing in the
records.
I want to check again the Monongalia Court of Claims and see just who
was
reimbursed for supplying goods during the Revolution.  Charles is on
the 1774
pay rolls for Dunmore's War, with at least one other of the family, but
my
memory is slipping and I can't recall whether it was John or William or
James.

     Well, shall come to a close for now.  The John/Anna Snodgrass
family is
worked out in fair detail in Campbell vs. Snodgrass et al, 1870.  It think
it
is somewhat different from Kendall's version.  The lawsuit names the
heirs,
with their places of residence as of about 1870; a few were in odd
places.  At
least two sons were dead, and their children are named and more or less
located.

    Take care, and best wishes,
    Rick Toothman

--------------------
Dear Sandy,
     In the continuing quest for Frank Snodgrass, I have an additional
note
which seems to bear upon the problem.

     Floyd's journal, death #148, is that of "old ant Rachel Snodgras,"
who
dropped dead "out of hur Cheare" on 22 July 1858, aged 81.  Funeral
was
preached by Rev. David Cunningham, of the Methodist discipline. 
Floyd
describes it in some detail.  Next death entry, #149, is concerned with
the
reburial of Rachel Glascock, whom they evidently dug up and moved to
a
different cemetery and she "was buried the second time with her
grandmother,"
"ant Rachel," on 24 Jul 1858.

     Looking back, I see that Floyd's death #57, dated 26 Nov 1853, is
that of
Rachel Musgrave Glascock, wife of Dan Glascock, who was aged 19
years 8
months
and 10 days.  This must be the younger Rachel which Floyd is talking
about
above.  Your chart doesn't show a Rachel among the children of John
and
Sarah
(Snodgrass) Musgrave, but that is probably where she belongs.

     LaNora Nyquist's charts of the William Sr./Francis etc. families
show
that Rachel, wife of Francis (son of William Sr.) died 22 Jul 1858, aged
87+.
The age doesn't quite match Floyd's, but it appears pretty certainly to be
the
same persons.  Two Rachel Snodgrasses, in their 80s, dying on the
same day
in
or near Rivesville would be a major coincidence.  I've written LaNora
to see
what she thinks about this whole theory of mine, as it concerns her line
and
she may have something additional.  But it seems to me right now that
if a)
the Rachel who died 22 Jul 1858 was widow of Frank, son of
William; and
if b)
she was grandmother to Rachel Musgrave; and c) if Rachel was dau. of
John
and
Sarah; then it is no longer theoretical that Joe Snodgrass married his
cousin
Frank's widow.  And if Kendall is right in what he says about Squire
Billy's
relationship to the children of Joseph Snodgrass, then it would seem
highly
probably that the line of your descent would go:  John Snodgrass (ca.
1717 or
1720s? - 1812?) -- William Snodgrass (1751?-1832, m. Catherine?
Youst?) --
Francis Snodgrass (ca. 1770s - bef. 1805, m. Rachel Smith) -- William
B.
Snodgrass (1796-1864, m. Mary Jolliffe).  <William Burl Snodgrass m.
Mary
Jolliffe Snodgrass, see THE MACE vol. 10, pg. 58.>

     I don't know how this revision strikes you.  It makes sense to me.
Catherine Youst, as name of William's wife, seems to be on fairly late
authority.  I don't know what the Ritchie Co. death records have to say
about
parentage of William Jr., who died there around 1880.  <We do not yet
have
this in the records of the Snodgrass Clan, either, and it might really pay
to
get it.>  The trademark name of this particular family seems to be
Isabelle.
There aren't many Catherines in it, early or late.  Maybe that name
comes
about because William Sr.'s dau. Isabelle, who married Sam Satterfield,
was
such an admirable person; but I would be just as prone to think that old
William's first wife may have been named Isabelle.  There is no law
requiring
parents to name their children for grandparents or anyone else, but
you'd
think there would be more Catherines in the family if that was
Grandma's
name;
on the other hand, what you get are Isabelles, enough to finance a 5th
voyage
by Columbus.  Obviously that name must have some sort of family
significance.
It's probably that none of William's children are by his (second?) wife
Barbary.  B. E. Courtney, in a Satterfield article in GENEALOGY
GLEANINGS,
MARION CO., W. VA., names William and Barbary as parents of
Isabelle
Snodgrass
Satterfield, but he was relying on the listings of John's heirs, along with
indication of where they were living in 1870.  Notice had to be filed in
locality where each heir resided, and the files indicate that the suit was
carried in legal notices in various area newspapers.  Campbell won the
case,
and the court made him a deed for the land on 28 Nov 1870 (Marion
Co.
Deedbk.
21, pg. 222).  The case was handled rather quickly, so evidently none of
the
family contested it.  Probably it was easier to sue then to collect the
scattered heirs and obtain clearances from all of them.  Campbell's own
wife,
Eleanor, was one of the defendants in the case.

     Since this hinges, too, around the identity of Squire Billy's wife, I
think it's worth noting that there is no Mary Snodgrass listed among the
defendants, and no separate arrangement on record between her and
Campbell.
My presumption is that she was not an heir of John Snodgrass.

     Kendall, now that I look at him more closely, names Mary Jolliffe
among
the children of John and Anna (Jolliffe) Snodgrass, but he doesn't go on
to
identify her as his great-grandmother, though it seems more and more
likely
that she was.  Anna herself was probably not a Jolliffe, unless she
belongs to
an otherwise unknown family of this name.  And if she did, who were
they?
Where did they live?  Why is there no trace of them locally?

     Kendall calls her "Jolliffe" on pg. 83, but note that on pg. 30, in
speaking of John "Dixie" Snodgrass, who m. Pleasant Kendall, Kendall
names
Dixie's grandparents as John and Anna (Bates) Snodgrass.

     The probable case here is that Mary "Jolliffe" was Anna's child, born
before her marriage to John Snodgrass.  If Anna came from the same
neighborhood as John, i.e. the Rivesville area, then it's quite possible
that
Mary's father was a Jolliffe, as that family were also neighbors.  Kendall
indicates that Mary was raised in the John/Anna family, but her absence
from
the list of John's heirs indicates that she was not of John's blood.  No
doubt
the Billy Snodgrass children regarded John as their grandfather, all the
same
(which is what Mary's 1882 death record indicates).  Anna herself may
have
been a Bates, as Kendall seems to say on pg. 30 of his book.  When I'm
in
Morgantown, I'll see if the various bastardy cases from 1802-1804 shed
any
light.  Relatively few women who bore children out of wedlock seem to
have
filed bastardy charges against the men responsible, thought, and the
index,
unfortunately, doesn't show the name of the woman bringing charges,
only
that
of the man accused.  But there are enough cases to make looking
worthwhile.
In the past, I've located 2 that I never thought I'd find evidence on.

     Speaking objectively, this seems the most probably answer to the
question
of Mary Snodgrass's background.  I suspect that Kendall could have
answered
this, but chose not to, as he grew up in the period when such things
were
not
spoken of.  (Note, too, that John and Anna's 12 identified children, per
the
lawsuit, don't include such a common name as Mary, in any variation. 
That's
probably because there was already a Mary in the household and no
need to
duplicate the name.)

     The only child of Charles Snodgrass Jr. that I can identify is Mary,
who
m/1 --- Fluharty (d. bef. 1835?) and m/2 bef. 1841, --- Floyd.  She was
living
in Washington Co., OH, in 1835, when she signed over her inheritance
rights
in
lands owned by her father, Charles Snodgrass, on Pharaoh's Run.  An
1841
deed
names her as Mary Fluharty, now Floyd, but she seems not to have
returned to
West Virignia.

     Squire Billy made provisions for some of his children during his
lifetime.  The deeds are carefully worded, indicating that the grantee is
an
heir and that this parcel of land is all he wishes the heir in question to
have of his estate.  Probably the greater part of his wealth was in land
and
stock, so this is how he chose to endow his children.  The deeds, all in
Marion Co. deedbooks, are as follows:

DB 2:307, to Elias & Isabelle Kendall, 179 acres (1847).
DB 4:35, to Jesse F. Snodgrass, 140 acres (1849).
DB 5:28, to Francis H. Snodgrass, 113 acres (1849).
DB 11:78, to John D. Snodgrass, 166 acres (1858).
DB 11:93, to Alpheus Snodgrass (1858).
DB 11:504, to Enos (sic) and Rachel Evans, 100 acres (1861).

     In 1864 or 1865 Silas V. Snodgrass sued the other heirs to obtain a
partition among the rightful heirs of the remainder of Billy's land.  The
index shows #CC861, but the file is not where it should be in the
Circuit
Clerk's Office.  Chancery Order Books for this period do a fair job of
filling
in the details.

     Chancery Orders 3A:311, dated 11 Apr 1865, shows that Mary
Snodgrass
and
Robert B. Lott were then acting as guardians for Mary Ann and
Rebecca,
minor
children.  The court takes notice that Billy had leased a portion of his
land
to Davis Toothman, under a lease that was still in effect, and in
consequence
this portion was to be included in Sarah Toothman's share of the farm,
but the
surveyors were to take no notice of improvements Davis had made, in
determining relative value of Sarah's tract vis-a-vis the others.  Andrew
Ice,
David Cunningham, and Uz Knight were appointed to survey the tract
and
divide
it among the heirs.  A. A. Snodgrass and S. V. Snodgrass acted as
chainbearers
for the survey job, whose overall cost came to somewhat more than
$100.

     The entry in Chancery Orders 4:106, dated 6 Oct 1866, shows how
the
farm
was divided, though unfortunately there's no plat map included--just a
transcript of surveyors' final notes.  The farm was split into 8 portions.
The largest lot, #8, consisted of 234 acres, which was set aside as
Mary's
dower, to be hers until her death.  But lot #8 was also subdivided by the
surveyors, and apportioned out to each of the 7 heirs, who would
inherit at
their mother's passing.

     The original division showed lot #1, 71 acres, to Mary Ann Ice.  Lot
#2,
71.75 acres, to Rebecca Snodgrass.  Lot #3, 69 acres, to Silas V.
Snodgrass.
Lot #4, 79 acres, to Enos E. Snodgrass.  Lot #5, 83 acres, to Sarah
Toothman.
Lot #6, 67 acres, to Billy Snodgrass Jr.  Lot #7, 83 acres, to Lavina Ice.
The shares aren't quite equal in size, but Billy Jr., who got the smallest
tract, probably had (for example) a better overall piece of the farm than
did
Sarah Toothman, who got 83 acres.

     The 236 acre dower tract was subdivided, as I have noted, into 7
smaller
portions.  Lot #1, 33 acres, went to Billy Jr.  Lots #2 & 3, 57.5 acres
total,
would have been divided between Enos and Silas, but Silas had already
sold
his
share of this piece to Enos.  Lot #4, 22.75 acres (perhaps the best
portion of
the whole) to Mary Ann Ice.  Lot #5, 46 acres, to Rebecca Snodgrass. 
Lot
#6,
53 acres, to Sarah Toothman (who had already sold her interest in this
land to
Billy Jr.).  Lot #7, 41 acres, to Lavina Ice now Martin, which indicates
that
Lavina had remarried ca. 1865-66, after the death of her first husband in
the
Civil War.

     I'm not sure how they apportioned the land.  Maybe they drew lots
to see
who got which piece of the first survey, and then the dower was
surveyed in
order to make sure that everyone got a more or less equal portion.

     On 12 Jun 1880 (Marion Co. Deedbook 30, pg. 344), A. C. and
Virginia
B.
Martin, and Mary Snodgrass, widow of William, sold to Wilson Hall a
portion
of
35 acres, which was 1/7 of Mary's dower in the Billy Snodgrass estate,
and the
same portion that Sarah and Davis Toothman had sold to Billy Jr. in a
deed of
8 Jan 1866.  Enos was witness.  Evidently Virginia B. Martin is "Bell,"
the
only child Kendall names as belonging to Billy Jr.

     Chancery Orders 4:149, 26 Apr 1867, shows decree of divorce
granted in
the case of Wm. B. Snodgrass vs. Amelia Snodgrass.  It's been awhile
since
I've looked at the case file itself, and I don't know if it establishes how
many children they had.  Evidently Billy and Amy separated fairly early
in
their marriage and didn't live together afterward (though Enoch Evans
testifies that he has known them to share the same bedroom, even after
the
separation).

     Brink Snodgrass and his wife were also divorced in the same period,
and
there is plenty of indication that Sarah and Davis Toothman came close
to it,
if she didn't go ahead and get a decree.  They don't appear to have lived
together the latter part of their lives, and she did institute divorce
proceedings against him in the late 1880s.  Earlier, she had filed a
lawsuit
regarding misuse of property she had inherited from Billy Snodgrass,
and in
her testimony she indicated that she and Davis were living a very rocky
marriage then.  "Didn't you protest to him (Davis) about the misuse of
your
property?"  "Yes, I did, and many the beating I got for my pains." etc.

     This gets me around, though not very smoothly, to the next topic at
hand,
Kendall's treatment of the earliest Snodgrasses.  He claims to have seen
a
paper owned by Joe Snodgrass, giving names and birthdates of a
number of
early
Snodgrasses.  Whether this is true, I can't say.  I don't believe the dates
are to be depended on.

     James Snodgrass is supposedly born 1743, and, per unattributed
family
legend, married "May Snodgrass" in 1763.  In this case, there is a deed
in
Marion County (Deed book 11, pg. 125, dated 27 Aug 1860, Elisha
Snodgrass to
Eugenas Snodgrass) which helps a little.  "...whereas James Snodgrass
who
died
many years since at his death left the following named children who
were his
only lawful heirs to wit the said Elisha Snodgrass and Joseph
Snodgrass..."
James died intestate, the deed goes on to say, leaving a valuable
property on
Pharo's Run, which descended to his heirs Elisha and Joseph and was
divided
by
them into 2 portions of about 60 acres each (Joe's share seems to have
been
75
acres, to judge from a Morgantown deed, 1836).

     In this case, there are fairly precise birthdates for both Joe and
Elisha.  Joseph was indentured to Caleb Tanzey, 1800, at the age of
about 16,
to learn the carpenter's and joiner's trade.  This gives him a birthdate of
abt. 1784, which should be no more than a year or two off.  Elisha
remarried
in 1860, after the death of his first wife, Eleanor Batten, to one Phebe
Shaver.  He gives his age as 74, in applying for the marriage license,
and
names his parents as James and Catherine Snodgrass, which should be
conclusive
as far as names go, and the record puts Elisha's birth at about 1786.

     Physiologically, it is not very probable that a man and woman who
married
in 1763 would have no children until 1784 and then have another in
1786. 
Did
James have 2 wifes, the first of whom was barren and the second
fertile?
Maybe, but if he lived till 1796 or 1797, as various sources suggest,
why were
there only 2 children?

     To me, the more probable answer is that Jim wasn't born in 1743,
but more
likely sometime in the mid 1750s.  He doesn't appear on the 1774
Dunmore's
War
pay lists (Charles and William do), but he was in service in the fall of
1778,
in General McIntosh's army.  There seem to be no surviving documents
which
would show his presence or activities earlier than about 1778.  I'd think
he
was born about 1755, married about 1782-3, and was killed by Indians
in
mid-September 1786.  If it had not been for a typographical error, this
is
what everyone would have deduced from Withers's account of James's
death. 
But
Withers says "1796" when he means "1786", and he links James's and
John
Ice's
deaths to the attack on the Straights and Dragoos, along Buffalo Creek,
which
happened in Sep 1786 and was reported a couple of weeks later in
various
Philadelphia papers, and around the end of the year in COLUMBIAN
MAGAZINE,
of
Boston.  The newspaper article also says that "John and William Ice"
were
missing and feared dead.  Indian Billy Ice came in safe, but it seems
likely
to me that his brother John, along with Blue Jim Snodgrass, was
already lying
scalped and wolf-eaten in the woods of what is now Wetzel Co., WV.

     Kendall refers to an early 1797 deed to James Snodgrass, which I
haven't
seen yet.  It doesn't necessarily indicate that Blue Jim was alive at that
time.  And it doesn't necessarily refer to Blue Jim himself, either.  I note
that there is no record of estate or will for John Ice or James
Snodgrass,
although traditionally (that's the wrong word, since the evidence is not
traditional--it's simply one writer hastily copying another without
thinking
over what he's copying) they died in 1796 or 1797, and the Monongalia
estate
records survive pretty well from that point onward.  No inventory, no
sale, no
accountings.  John Dent was Joseph's guardian in the indenture
mentioned
above, but Dent did not give bond in this capacity, as far as surviving
Monongalia records show.  Again, this suggests a death date for James
earlier
than 1796.

     Charles Snodgrass, also, whom Kendall makes born 1742, shows
some
chronological problems.  He was a soldier in 1774, in Dunmore's War,
but it's
not clear that he was very old at this time.  His oldest known child
seems to
be John (1781-1866), followed closely by Charles Jr. (1780s-bef.
1835).
Nothing seems to be known of his son William or of his daughters Jane
and
Susannah, all of whom appear to have been unmarried in 1811, when
they sold
a
portion of his property.  This would suggest that these children might
have
been in their very late teens or early 20s.  Son James turns up in some
legal
matters about 1811-12, which may indicate he was born in the late
1780s.  He
was a drinker and brawler at this time, and associated with other men
who
were
born in the same general period--possibly a crew of overage juvenile
delinquents.  It's difficult to get a fix on dates for Charles's other
children, as they appear to leave the state, or, perhaps, the daughters
marry
and live obscurely and haven't been identified locally.

     But at any rate, Charles is almost 40 years old when his oldest
known
child is born.  Did he and Jim both put off marriage until they were
quite old
for their time?  If so, who kept house and cooked for them?  Kendall's
birthdate for Charles is probably 10 years too early, perhaps more, just
as
seems to be the case with Jim Snodgrass.

     On the other hand, William (supposedly 1751-1832) may be just a
shade
younger than he really was.  For all that he's supposedly 10 years
younger
than Charley and Jim, it's interesting to note that he is credited with at
least one child nearly 10 years older than Charley's and Jim's oldest
known
children.  I would push William back a year or two, to 1750 or even as
far as
about 1748, at least for now.  It may be necessary to revise his age, but
unless there are circumstances I'm not taking into consideration, it
appears
to me than William was older than both Charles and James Snodgrass,
not
their
younger brother.

     A John Snodgrass died in Monongalia Co. about 1812.  His estate
was
administered by William, and the inventory was taken 11 Sep 1812
(Monongalia
estate book 1, pg. 237).  This could be the primarily legendary John
Snodgrass, father of the family, or it could be the John Jr. whom
Kendall
offers as brother to William, Charles, et al.  The only estate paper is the
inventory, which shows a small estate:  a pitcher, tin trunk, razor, ink
stand, pocket book, pen knife, THE LIFE OF BARON FREDERICK
TRINK,
a
table, a
vial, a half-pint bottle, and some cups ranging from gill to quart-size. 
His
effects weren't sold at auction, and there's no indication as to his
identity
or place in the family.  It doesn't look like the estate of a man who was
married, with a family.  What we have here must be either a) a young
man,
who
died unmarried; or b) an old man who was living with someone else,
and who
had
almost nothing of personal property.  It's likely (unless he's Charles's
son,
but I don't think he is) that this is the John Snodgrass who signed an
1803
petition on Pharaoh's Run, seeking appointment of a new constable in
the
area.
Charles's son John could not read or write, while the John who signed
the
1803
petition seems to have been literate.  The records just don't clarify who
this
man was, but I tend to think he is William Sr.'s father.  If so, he'd have
been about 95 by Kendall's dates; more like he was in his 80s, by my
reckoning.

     Lough's NOW AND LONG AGO gives several references to a John
Snodgrass,
dating to the 1740s and 1750s, who might be father of the local
Snodgrasses,
but I haven't seen the documents he's using (no one else has, either,
actually), and I don't use Lough unless he's backed up by independent,
untampered-with evidence.

     This gets me, finally, to the Francis or Frank Snodgrass, born 1748,
whom
Kendall makes father to Squire Billy.  Again, I have some doubt about
this
whole matter, if only because Frank is 48 years older than Billy and
there is
no indication that Billy was, say, the last of a large family.

     Kendall, on pp. 83 and 85, makes some interesting statements about
Billy,
which I've been poring over, juggling, and arranging, in an effort to
make
them make sense.

     He says, a) that Billy's parents were Frank (b. 1748) and Isabella
Snodgrass; b) that Isabelle was twice married to men named Snodgrass;
c)
that
Billy had half-siblings named Joseph, Sarah, and Isabelle (or Elizabeth,
as
Kendall says on another page).  The only documentation I can find of
this
particular Frank Snodgrass (wife Isabelle) seems to be in Kendall's
book, and
I don't consider it documentation.

     On page 85 Kendall, discussing Joseph (son of Blue Jim), says that
Joseph's children were half-brother and sisters to Billy.  This, I think, is
the prime clue, and I'm not sure that Kendall himself grasped what he
was
saying here.

     Joseph, son of Jim, had only 3 children:  Joe Jr., Sarah, and Isabelle
H.
Snodgrass.  In Monongalia Deed Book OS 13, pg. 392, dated 23 Mar
1836,
Joe Jr.
and Isabelle convey their 2/3 interest in Joe Sr.'s real estate, and they
sell
it to John Musgrave, who was married to their sister Sarah.  Joe Sr's
only
wife of record is the Rachel Smith he married in Monongalia in 1805. 
He died
prior to 23 Mar 1836, and he was survived by his widow, to judge from
Isabelle's marriage record (which calls her daughter of Rachel
Snodgrass).

     Where else do we know the name Rachel Smith?  Well, in 1795 or
1796
Francis/Frank Snodgrass, purportedly the oldest son of William Sr.,
married a
Rachel Smith in Monongalia Co.  Frank, son of William, seems to have
died
young.  His datable children are Jeremiah, b. ca. 1798, and Lemuel, b.
1800,
as well as sons Francis Jr. and William, on whom little or nothing seems
to be
known.  Frank was evidently dead prior to 1810.  This would leave
plenty of
time for him to father the 4 children named above and to die leaving
few or no
records.

     If Billy Snodgrass was, as Kendall says, half-sibling to Joseph's
children, the only way the connection can exist is via Billy having the
same
mother as Joe's children.  The 1836 deed, above, is pretty good
evidence that
Billy wasn't a child of Joseph.  And this leads us to the note that Joe
Snodgrass married Rachel Smith.  Here is what I think happened:

     Frank Snodgrass, b. ca. 1770s, married Rachel Smith
(1770?-1858?), in
Monongalia Co., about 1795 or 1796.  Their oldest child was William
B.
Snodgrass (Squire Billy, 1796-1864), followed by Jeremiah (b. 1798),
Lemuel
(b. 1800), and Frank Jr. (b. 1800s).  Frank Sr. died, off the record,
about
1802-1805, and his widow then remarried, to Frank's somewhat
younger 1st
cousin, Joseph, son of Blue Jim.  By Joseph, she had 3 more children,
Joe Jr.,
Sarah, and Isabella, who were indeed half-siblings to William B.
Snodgrass of
Mannington District.

     This would also account for Billy's mother's traditionally having
been
married to 2 different Snodgrass men.  Kendall claims to have learned a
lot of
Snodgrass genealogy from his great-grandmother.  How much did he
learn? 
Well,
he was about 12 when she died, and she'd have been in her 70s before
she
could
have told him much with any hope of his remembering it.  Mary died in
1882,
and it was 60 years later that Kendall wrote his book.  He was clearly
not a
researcher, and had a very uncritical mind.  I don't see how he could
have had
all that much from his great-grandmother Mary Snodgrass, and I'm
doubtful
that
he could have remembered it perfectly over a period of 60+ years.  Let
alone
that his great-grandmother remembered and passed on to him all the
various
dates and intricacies of the older Snodgrasses.

     Again, the great time-gap between Kendall's Frank (b. 1748) and
Squire
Billy bothers me.  It's the same kind of gap you find in all the early
Snodgrass lines where the dates come from Kendall.  He says, rather
generally,
that their children (of all these men born in the 1740s) would have been
born
about 1780-1800.  The younger ones might have, perhaps, been born in
that
period, but given the ages he states for the oldest Snodgrass, there
should be
a stack of children born in the 1770s and even some born in the late
1760s.
And there are not.  Frank (born about 1772-3), son of Williams,
appears to be
the oldest identified Snodgrass of this generation.  He is old enough to
be
William B.'s (Squire Billy's) father, without a wrenching of chronology
and a
need to hypothesize still another barren 1st/fruitful 2nd marriage, as you
would almost have to do with Kendall's Frank (b. 1748).  And Frank's
marriage
details, to Rachel Smith, are a far better match for the information in
Kendall, that Billy was half-sibling to children of Joe and Rachel
(Smith)
Snodgrass.

     There are problems with this rather drastic revision, but not that
many.
It preserves the name of Frank as Billy's father, which is probably
correct.
(I had tried to see if Billy could be made into someone's illegitimate
child,
but it didn't work, and I had never really thought it would).  It rejects
"Isabelle" in favor of "Rachel" as Billy's mother's name.  But note that
Billy
had children of both these names.  And there are enough Isabelles in the
William Snodgrass Sr. family that it would not be too hard for fireside
yarn
spinning to get a little confused, as the years and especially the winters,
went on.

     I think you'll find, comparing what Kendall has to say about Billy's
background with the revisionist theory above, that there is not a great
deal
of difference, aside from Billy's mother's name and elimination of the
1748
birthdate for Billy's father.

     Documenting 2 Frank Snodgrasses about 1800 or earlier, in local
records,
is next to impossible.  It's hard enough locating one man of this name. 
(I
had this same problem with Stephen Fluharty(s), and have finally been
able to
show fairly conclusively that there was only one man of this name on
the
scene, early 1800s.)

     Well, I once made exactly this sort of revision on the Haughts, and
nowadays none of the Haught researchers will even speak to me, since
I've
called into question the authenticity of the Haught book they all copy.  I
do
think that if Kendall is right, and Billy's mother had 2 different
Snodgrass
husbands, and if he's right in making Billy half-brother to Joe
Snodgrass's
children, then the only possible answer is that Billy was not son of
Frank (b.
1748) but rather of Frank (b. early 1700s), and that his mother was not
Isabelle, but Rachel (Smith) Snodgrass.

     This, presently, is theory.  I think it's correct, but I have some angles
of investigation to look into, which may shed some additional light on
the
whole thing.  I should, or at least I hope to (barring recurrence of my
health
problems), get some rummaging done this week, which might be able to
provide a
little more.  Documenting this will be most difficult, as it gets into a
period when there just isn't that much personal record of people unless
they
owned land and/or left wills.  I think that making Billy a grandson of
William
(b. ca. 1751?-1832), rather than William's nephew, and taking the line
through
Francis, son of William, answers most of the problems Kendall
introduces in
his book, especially that bothersome bit about half-siblings and a
remarried
mother.  Presumably Rachel is the "old ant Rachel Snodgrass" whose
death,
around 1858, is mentioned in the Floyd notes.

     Well!  After dropping that little bomb, I should sign off for now. 
There
are still some other things I want to look at, of course, and will let you
know what, if anything, I can find in them.  Rachel T. Price, wife of
Enos
Snodgrass (son of John & Anna) is indeed the daughter of Jesse and
Susannah
Price of Mods Run, Marion Co.  A deed, from 1865, proves this
beyond
doubt.
If your contacts in that family would like anything on Rachel's
background,
let me know, as I have a little, though not near as much as I'd like to
have!

    Shall close now, with best wishes,
    Rick Toothman

PS:  So far, I haven't found any trace prior to Kendall's book, of his
Frank/Isabelle as parents of Billy.  The only sketch with any family
information that I've seen says nothing at all on Billy's background. 
After
Kendall's book, of course, everyone copies his version.  What I'm
looking for
now is indication as to how the matter was viewed before Kendall
published.
Will note, for now, too, that I believe my version explains some of
Kendall's
odd statements about Squire Billy's background, better than his own
version
does!  Again, best wishes, and will be in touch very soon.
--------------------
Dear Sandy,

     Thanks for your letter and check.  I'm glad to know you find the
Snodgrass revisions plausible.  When you take what Kendall says and
weigh it
against the evidence (which isn't nearly as full as you'd like it to be, but
it almost never is!), then it really does start to look as if Billy was son of
Frank and Rachel (Smith) Snodgrass.  At least, that Frank can be
shown to
have
existed, and to have left children (including a William) of exactly the
right
age group; Kendall's Frank (wife Isabelle) is not vouched for anywhere
except
in Kendall's own book.  I think Kendall is on firmer ground with what
he says
about Billy's half-siblings.  At least two of them, Joe Jr. and Isabelle,
were
still living when Kendall was a boy and it's likely that he heard about
them
in the family.  Why he didn't know about Lem and Jerry as being full
brothers,
I don't know, unless it's because they lived in Ritchie Co. and there
wasn't
close family contact.  It's clear that Joe Snodgrass's wife was about 7
years
older than he was, and the 1810 census indicated that she must have
been a
widow, to account for all those children who can't belong to Joe.  The
explanation which clears up the most puzzles while raising the least
complications is that Joe married his cousin Frank's widow, and that
Billy was
one of Joe's step-sons.

     Enclosed are some copies re: the origins of the Snodgrass name,
which are
probably more reliable than Kendall.  I think his attribution to Co.
Mayo is
based only on the fact that he's aware of someone named Snodgrass
who lived
there at one time.  (I do note from Carlyle's LIFE OF OLIVER
CROMWELL
that,
during the Irish war of the late 1640s, the Ulster Scots, except in
Londonderry, tended to side with King and Covenant, against the
Puritan
Revolution.  Cromwell won the war, and deported his Irish enemies to
Connaught, including Co. Mayo, resettling their lands with English and
loyal
Scots.  So if there are Snodgrasses in Mayo, they may have been
forcibly
removed there about 1650, by Cromwell.  I'd still think yours are more
likely
to have come to America from Ulster, though.)  All the authorities I can
find
agree that Snodgrass is a Scots local name.  Mockler shows its origin in
the
old Northumbrian dialect of Anglo-Saxon, which explains to me why I
couldn't
get anything satisfactory when I tried to break it down in Irish.  (Irish
surname sources at hand don't evidently consider it a native Irish name,
and
have no entries at all.)  It's likely that a number of unrelated families
have
all taken the name Snodgrass, from the Ayrshire farmlands of that
name.

     Lough (NOW AND LONG AGO) talks about a John Snodgrass,
active in
the
1740s and 1750s.  I'm not sure if his information is authentic, nor who
this
John is supposed to be.  No one but Lough has seen most of the new
material
he
uses, and he's very vague as to where it all comes from.  I don't argue
with
him any more, but I don't use him as a source unless there is some
independent, untampered-with evidence.

     Also enclosed is a sketch of Jesse F. Snodgrass, from the early
1880s,
which shows that his understanding of the family's history was not quite
the
same as Kendall's.  He may be right, in that the family first settled in
Maryland after coming from Ireland.  Minnie Lowther's sketch says that
the
Snodgrasses settled in Washington Co., PA, which I think is wrong. 
You find
Charles Snodgrass, in the 1780s, paying taxes in Fayette Co., PA, on
the other
side of the Monongahela; none of the family on the Washington Co.
side at all.
By 1785 William and James were permanent residents in Monongalia
Co.;
Charles
was taxed in Pa. for another year or so.  Evidently both William and
Charles
were living in the Pricketts Settlement as of 1774, since they were both
privates in Zack Morgan's militia company.  Their settlement right
claims go
back to the early 1770s, but like so many other residents, they appear to
have
moved back and forth a good bit.

     I keep forgetting that you also have Prickett in your lines.  Everyone
seems to think that because Capt. Jacob Prickett claimed land under
improvements made in 1766, that he settled on Pricketts Creek at that
time.
Someone for whom I did a Prickett/Jolliffe/Hoult job recently just sent
me a
copy of a deed, from Westmoreland Co., PA, which indicated that
Jacob was
still a resident of what is now Fayette Co., PA, until late 1771.  At that
time he sold to Philip Pearce his "improvement rights" on a tract there,
and
the deed specifies that it's the tract on which he (Jacob Prickett) was
then
living.  Pearce took up the land almost immediately and stayed for a
good
many
years.  The most interesting part of this matter was that two of the
adjoining
farms, on opposite sides of Pearce's land, were owned by John and
Richard
Lucas.  Jacob Prickett Jr. married Jemima Kendall about 1779.  She
appears
to
be Jemima, dau. of James and Ann (Lucas) Kendall, of Fayette Co., but
so far
we can't find the hard evidence to prove it.  The dates fit, but James
Kendall
didn't mention any of his daughters by their married names in his will. 
Now,
though, it appears that the old Prickett family farm lay next to property
owned by this Jemima's uncle and first cousin.  Her oldest brother lived
in
the area, too, before the rest of the family came out, so the
circumstances
are working out pretty well.

     Continuing with the Pricketts, there is some question as to when and
where Capt. Jacob died.  DAR/family sources say 1797, at Pricketts
Creek.  I
tend to doubt this, and to doubt that he's even buried there.  In late
1797 he
was living in Mason County, KY, probably at or near Limestone.  He
gave a
power of attorney there.  A 1796 power of attorney, also recorded in
Mason
Co., KY, calls him "of the North Western Territory".  His only
recorded land
business in Monongalia Co., from 1796 onward, was carried out by
attorneys
and
not by him personally.  The conclusion I get is that he left the Pricketts
Creek area, probably after Dorothy Prickett's death, and that he went
west, to
somewhere around Limestone, KY, with some of his older children.  He
must
have
died late 1797 or, at most, within another couple of years, probably in
Kentucky or Ohio.  And if he died there, he's certainly buried there. 
There
were only a couple of ways to bring a body a long distance for burial
then,
and if either of them had happened with Jacob, it seems almost certain
that
there would be some recollection of it.  (One way was to pickle the
body in
alcohol.  The other was to boil it until the flesh melted off the bones,
leaving a clean skeleton for transportation.  Since it would have taken a
month or more to travel from Ohio to West Virginia, then, you can
appreciate
than an unembalmed body could not have been carried so far.)  Given
what is
known about Jacob's last years, the stone for him in Pricketts Fort
cemetery
probably does not mark his actual grave.  I do believe Dorothy is buried
there, though.  A lot of his descendants wind up in Brown Co., OH,
which
seems
as likely a place as any to me.  Very likely Jacob is buried there in an
unmarked and forgotten grave.

     Floyd's notes--the copy I use was published in the June 1980 issue
of
GENEALOGY GLEANINGS, at Fairmont.  It's 16 pages of typescript
nearly
as
sloppy as my own typing, but not too hard to read and make out.  It
covers
some 200 deaths and 62 marriages, from 1848 to 1861.  Most of them
are
from
the Rivesville area, and in many ways the information is fuller than you
get
in the official death records, since Floyd includes a lot of older people
who
for some reason aren't included in the official register.  If you have the
June 1980 GLEANINGS, you have the full text.  If not, I'll be happy to
make
a
copy for you.  I just wish there had been other people around the
county
keeping similar private notes!

     I'm not sure where you'd best look for records of John Donald
Snodgrass
as a minister.  Baptizing in the river does sound more like Baptists, or
perhaps Campbellite/Church of Christ, than Methodist.  Ministers had
to be
licensed by the county clerk in order to perform marriages, etc.  This
law was
put on the books in Virginia in 1780, but I've never seen, at Fairmont,
any
sort of bond book for this.  Even on the census, clergymen aren't always
indicated as such.  Abram Haines, of Marion Co., was a Baptist
preacher for
years, first in Harrison Co., then in Marion Co., and finally in Wetzel
Co.,
but I've seen him listed only as "farmer" on the censuses.  Val
Greenwood's
RERSEARCHER'S GUIDE TO AMERICAN GENEALOGY has, I
recall, a
very
full list
of
church archives, but the only library copy here has been stolen and I
can't
check it at the moment.  A given sect or denomination should have lists
of its
various ministers at various times, but the diversity of sects back then is
a
problem.  Both Methodists and Baptists were divided into Northern and
Southern
branches, and there were probably other separations, too.  Around her,
most
churches would have belonged to the Southern wings if that's any help!

     You asked about possible sources in Maryland on Anna Snodgrass,
and
again, I don't know where to begin.  Her marriage to John isn't on
record
locally, and about all we have is Kendall's discrepant statements that a)
she
was a Jolliffe, and b) that she was a Bates.  Bates is a rather scarce
name
here.  None of her children lived long enough to get into the post-1917
death
records which (when they exist) call for the mother's maiden name. 
That, at
least, would have provided another guess as to who she was.  I can't fit
her
into the Jolliffes, as I noted.  Both William Jolliffe (1761-1827) and
John
Jolliffe (1768-1850) had daughters named Hannah, but they don't match
Anna
Snodgrass.  I don't really believe she was a Jolliffe; more likely one of
the
Jolliffes was father of Anna's child Mary, and the family versions have
been
somewhat altered to cover this up.  That's still primarily a guess, based
on
what I've run into working on other, evidently similar, cases.

     About all we have solid in Anna's case is that she seems to have
been
born in Maryland.  Which could also mean Pennsylvania!  There was a
sizable
migration to Monongalia Co. in the 1780s-early 1800s, from Bedford
Co.,
PA,
including Jared Evans, Frederick Fox, Valentines, Rices, Arnetts,
Frelands,
Dickens, Toothmans, and probably still more (Eddys and Conaways,
now that
I
think of them).  Most of these people had come here from Bedford via
Allegany
Co., MD (near Cumberland), and by the 1850 census, you find a good
many
of
their children giving Maryland as birthplace, even though they'd actually
been
born in PA.  (Polings and Pitzers are part of the same migration, though
I
believe they had always been on the Maryland side of the state line.) 
And
there was some migration as well from the more easterly part of
Maryland--Randalls, Boggesses, Dennis Brown, and others.  Most of
these
families are involved in the same circles of acquaintance as the
Snodgrasses,
but I don't know of any firm connections, at least in the ones with
which I'm
familiar.  Names of hers and John's children aren't much help, either. 
They,
like Billy, used a good many names which are of no genealogical
significance--or else, which have some significance we don't
understand.  I'm
not sure which is worse!  No one mentions Anna Snodgrass in a will,
and I
don't find any Bateses (Kendall's suggestion, pg. 30) on the 1810
censuses of
Harrison or Monongalia Co., at least.  But there are no Jolliffes handy
in
Harrison Co., and she won't go into the ones who lived at  Rivesville,
and I
still suspect she was from the Rivesville area.  If she and John had
married
in Harrison Co., it's much more likely it would be on record, either in
bonds
or minister's return, and it isn't.

     Also haven't found anything to show any of the Jolliffe men were
sued on
bastardy charges around 1800-3, approx. time of Mary's birth.  The
cases are
only indexed by the man's name, and you have to read the papers to find
out
which woman was involved.  They're quite skimpy before 1810 or so.  I
doubt
that it's because there were no illegitimacies; more likely, the charge is
filed under a fashion I'm not thinking to check--perhaps Commonwealth
vs.
John
Doe, rather than Overseers of the Poor vs. John Doe.

     Spent today at Morgantown, but don't have much to show for it. 
Enclosed
is something by way of a surprise, an 1801 petition from Envelope 115,
the
earliest road envelope I've located to date.  Among the signatures is a
very
large, clear, and good "Francis Snodgrass."  Aside from his 1795
marriage to
Rachel Smith, this may be more or less the only surviving public record
of
Francis.  He must have died not long after the drawing up of the
petition, 2
or 3 years, at most.  He doesn't distinguish himself as "Sr." or "Jr.",
which
leads me to believe that there were not two Francis Snodgrasses of
legal
age
in the area.  This is certainly Francis's signature, maybe the only one in
existence.  All in all, I'm virtually convinced that he, and not Kendall's
Frank (b. 1748 & m. to Isabelle), is father of Squire Billy, whose
birthdate
works out to about 2 Feb 1796, judging from his tombstone inscription.

     Shall close for now, with best wishes, and I'll keep you posted on
what
else I can turn up.
    Yours,
    Rick Toothman

PS:  Regarding the petition, the court ruled that the arrangement of
road
hands should be revised, as the citizens requested.  At that time all the
road
work was done by the local residents, under the supervision of the
"surveyors".  This, along with taxes, was a liability to everyone in the
community.  Road petitions are rarely complete, and the signatures
aren't
always authentic, but they do give a good idea of who was living in a
certain
area at a given time, or at least, who was interested in road
improvement!  I
note that Francis Snodgrass does not appear on the Sep 1803 petition
seeking
to have a new constable appointed (his father William got the job), nor
on the
Dec 1810 petition seeking to have David Musgrave named constable
(most of
the
other Snodgrasses, living at that time, sign it, including all of William
Sr.'s other known sons).
--------------------
Dear Sandy,

     Have made a little more progress, though there are still unanswered
questions.

     First, Kendall localized the name Snodgrass in Co. Mayo, Ireland
(mentioned also that it's found in Dublin, which is on the other side of
the
island).  I'd been wondering just how the name would derive, in Irish,
and
coming up dry, which led me to believe it wasn't native Irish in origin. 
Dr.
Black's, THE SURNAMES OF SCOTLAND, which is truly a
monumental
work,
says that
the name derives from a piece of land called various Snodgrass and
Snodgers,
in the parish of Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland.  This is on the southwestern
coast of Scotland, just down the Firth of Clyde and not far from
Glasgow. 
The
map shows both a river and a town named Irvine, on the coast, which
probably
locates the parish.  Black's first entry for the name is around 1378, with
additional references from the 1500s to 1600s.

     So there would seem little doubt that the name and family are
originally
Scottish, not Irish.  It's only a short journey by boat from the Ayr coast
to
the shores of Antrim, in Ulster.  On clear days, you can see Ireland from
some
points in Scotland.  The Snodgrasses probably emigrated in the 1600s
or a
little earlier.  Black's statement on origin of the name from the lands of
Snodgrass is as nearly definitive as you can get; the man seems to have
read
every early Scots record and manuscript in existence, charting first and
representative later appearance of names, and he covers almost every
name
that
has ever been known in Scotland.  That it could arise independently in
Scotland and Ireland is quite doubtful, since it really isn't an Irish name
by
origin.  Kendall's reference to Mayo is somewhat vague, and this is
almost the
last place you'd expect to find the family in Ireland, anyway, unless they
were Catholic Scots who picked the wrong side in all the Irish wars of
the
17th century.  Most likely they were Presbyterian and emigrated to
Ulster, and
stayed there until the collapse of the linen-weaving industry in the early
1700s, at which time they came to America, on ships from Londonderry
or
Dublin.

     Ayr is on the edge of the Scottish Highlands, but the Snodgrasses
would
have been "Sassenach," or Lowlanders, who spike the broad Scots
dialect. 
No
tartans, bagpipes, or Clan systems.  They'd have been farmers, who
probably
also wove linen in their homes, and, by religion, were likely
Presbyterians
(or just possibly Quakers).  The most likely time for them to have
migrated to
Ireland would be in the late 1500s-early 1600s, when the lands of the
Ulster
chieftains were seized and turned over to British syndicates, who settled
them
with Scotsmen.  From this, directly, comes much of the unrest in
Northern
Ireland today.

     Lest you think I'm disregarding family tradition by calling some of
Kendall into question, let me assure you that so far it appears that some
of
the "traditions" may have really originated with Kendall himself in the
1940s.
How much authentic family lore he recounts is very uncertain.  Rev.
Jesse F.
Snodgrass, son of Billy, settled in Doddridge Co. about 1850.  In the
early
1880s he was sketched in Hardesty's volume on Doddridge Co., and he
does
not
seem to be aware of family history in the same way Kendall tells it.  He
names
his parents, giving only their dates of death, and he does call Mary
"Jolliffe", as well as mentioning his father's service in the War of 1812. 
He
names none of his grandparents.  His great-grandfather, i.e. Squire
Billy's
grandfather, was (Jesse says) Francis Snodgrass, who came over from
Ireland
to
Maryland "in the early days," no date or other detail given.

     The only other lengthy item I've found so far is in Minnie Kendall
Lowther's RITCHIE COUNTY, which Kendall quotes.  This was
supplied,
evidently,
by descendants of William (d. 1832).  They speak of 3 brothers,
William,
James, and Michael, who came to Washington Co., PA.  Michael
wandered
away
and
was never heard from; James was killed by Indians.  Nothing on
additional
background.

     This is typical of frontier families.  The exact links of relationships
became clouded as families moved around and lost touch with each
other, and
ere long, you're left with vague stories, the sort told around the kitchen
fireside in the winter.  How long they could pass down in good form, I
don't
know, but in other cases I've found that it was not, generally, very
long.
After awhile, when the older folks have died, the younger ones start to
have
trouble remembering whether the story happened to granddad or
great-granddad.
Still later, someone like Kendall or W. B. Haught may come along and
attempt
to put things back into order, but without hard evidence to work with,
the
results are generally not satisfactory genealogy.

     After I had done a good bit of successful Toothman work (and the
success
was based on finding them in deeds, tax lists, and especially church
records,
east of the mountains) I found a sketch from 1923 of Billy Snodgrass's
great-grandson, James G. Toothman, which I had seen years earlier and
forgotten.  James turned out to be reasonably accurate in his rundown
of
Toothman history--if you allowed for the fact that all his dates were
considerably out of whack, that he got the basic location right but the
specific location very wrong, and that in summarizing it, he skipped a
generation.  He may have known via family hearsay that his
g-g-g-grandfather
was Chris Toothman, but since his g-grandfather (whom he doesn't
mention)
was
also Chris Toothman, he may have hit upon it purely by accident. 
Family lore
first published much later than the 1880s or 1890s is very shakey
evidence for
people who lived in the 1700s.

     Kendall cites a 1797 deed in evidence on Blue Jim Snodgrass's date
of
death.  Unfortunately, he didn't read it!  On 14 Feb 1797 Robert Minnis
sold
to James Snodgrass 100 acres on Buffalo Creek, just as Kendall says,
but the
deed specifically calls James "son of William."  Witnesses were Charles
and
William Snodgrass, Philip Roberts, and Isaac Eddy, and the deed was
delivered
to William, "father of James," on 13 Aug 1805 (Monongalia Deed
Book OS 1,
pg.
478).  Lough speaks of a 1796 deed in which Billy Ice, brother and heir
of
John Ice, deceased, sells some of John's property, but evidently the
deed
doesn't establish at all when John died, or I'm sure Glenn would have
mentioned it.

     I had sent you a revised chart of Charles Snodgrass's line, which still
requires some revision.  The son I listed as "Elisha" is also known as
"Hiram" (an 1820 deed from Nathan Matheny to John Smith, Deed
Book OS
7, pg.
442).  Charles Jr. seems to have been born in 1784, based on an 1800
indenture
of him to Jacob Foulk, to learn the potter's trade.  He married Foulk's
daughter after he'd served his term.

     Charles Jr. was living as late as 11 Apr 1814, in Trumbull Co., OH. 
At
that time, he signed his 1/11 share of Charles Sr.'s real estate over to
John
Smith, in Monongalia Co.  (That he was here on a visit at the time is
shown by
presence of William Snodgrass Sr., Charles Glasscock, George Smith,
and
Jared
Evans as witnesses.)  He had been overlooked in the 1811 & 1812
conveyances by
Charles's heirs to Nathan Matheny.  (Monongalia Deed Book OS 6, pg.
65).

     Joseph Snodgrass, a son of Charles's second marriage, was living in
Trumbull Co., OH, on 26 Feb 1827, when he also deeded to Smith a
1/11
share of
Charles's estate.  The 1820 deed from Matheny to Smith had included
Joseph
as
among the persons whose right and title Matheny vested in Smith
(Monongalia
Deed Book OS 9, pg. 509).

     I had speculated that the Mary Fluharty Floyd who sold interest in
Charles's land in 1836 might be a daughter of Charles Jr., but this is not
the
case, and it gets into some really fuzzy areas.  She was a daughter of
Charles
Sr., but was not involved in any of the earlier activities re: Charles's
land.

     On 16 Jun 1836, in Washington Co., OH, Mary Fluharty, formerly
Snodgrass,
deeded to Enos Snodgrass (Billy's son), for $50 lawful money of Ohio,
her
1/10
share of an undivided tract or parcel of about 200 acres, of which the
late
Charles Snodgrass had died seized and possessed.  No mention of her
husband.
(Deed Book OS 14, pg. 182).
[vss - April 1999 - Toothman misspoke here!  
This Enos Snodgrass is s/o John & Anna Bateson, and his wife is
Rachel T.
Price;
Wm. B.'s son Enos m1. Charlotte Rebecca Millan & m2. widow
Melissa
Snodderly]

     On 1 Feb 1838, Enos and Rachel T. Snodgrass of Harrison Co. sold
the
above parcel or share to John W. Snodgrass (Deed Book OS 14, pg.
361) and
John
W. and wife Margaret, in turn, on 6 Apr 1839, sold the same parcel or
share
to
Michael Snodgrass (Deed Book OS 15, pg. 329).  What was conveyed
was
still
Mary's 1/10 share of a 168 acre parcel (total acres of land has dropped
a bit,
but the references to earlier deeds make it clear that it's the same
property), on which George Bird now lives, and which is claimed by
John
Smith
Sr.  Michael sold the land in the early 1840s to various Satterfields, but
I
don't have any notes right now on this deed.  Will get them when I'm in
Fairmont, as the deed is there.

     The puzzle is obvious.  Why are there only 10 shares when Mary
presents
herself as heir and grantor in 1836?  As recently as 1827 there had been
11
shares, and this didn't take Mary into consideration at all.  (Could
Charles
Sr. have disowned her for marrying a Fluharty?)  The 1811 and 1812
deeds
are
from John, William, James, Jane, and Susannah.  Charles Jr. is added in
1814,
separately.  These children probably belong to Charles Sr.'s 1st
marriage.  In
1810 Barbary bonds herself as guardian for Eli, Joseph, Elisha, Beniah,
and
Margaret, all presumably minors, and in 1820 Matheny warrants title of
Eli,
Joseph, Hiram, Beniah, and Margaret.  That makes 11 identified
children, all
told.  Mary (Snodgrass) Fluharty Floyd can't be a dau. of one of these
eleven
children, since all of their rights had been sold by 1820.  And in any
event,
the deed from John W. to Michael Snodgrass specifically refers to her
as a
daughter of Charles Snodgrass, which can only mean Charles Sr.  This
would
indicate Charles had 12 children in all.  Mary must belong to his 1st
marriage, as she was not counted at home in 1810 census.  I wonder if
she
could be the same person as Margaret, whose share was sold by proxy? 
This
might have given her some claim to retain her rights and sell them later,
but
it doesn't entirely satisfy me.

     Barbary, Charles's widow, also can have no more than one of his 1st
marriage children at home with her in 1810.  Where were the rest of the
family?  They don't appear to have been counted in Monongalia Co.,
unless
they
were in some other household and consequently nearly impossible to
pick out.
But the 1810 census of Monongalia is not particularly good.  Either
there
were
some strange living arrangements, or else some people were missed
altogether.

     Turning to Blue Jim Snodgrass, it appears that a woman of 45+ who
virtually has to be Jim's widow, was living with Elisha Snodgrass in
1810 and
1820.  She would have been born ca. 1765 or earlier.  In 1830 what
appears
to
be the same woman is still on hand, aged 60-70, which still fits that
indicated birthdate.  I haven't been able to try 1840 yet, but she is gone
by
1850.  Presuming, as I do, that it's the same woman in 1810, 1820, and
1830,
this would put her date of birth at about 1760-1765, which is not a bad
match
for a late 1750s birthdate for Jim Snodgrass himself, as I theorized
earlier.

     Joseph Snodgrass (abt. 15 Feb 1784 - bef. 1830?), Blue Jim's older
son,
married Rachel Smith on 12 Aug 1805, Rev. James Fleming performing
the
ceremony.  The marriage isn't covered by a bond, so all we have is the
entry
in the minister's return (Monongalia Marriages Book A, pg. 10).
Coincidentally, a little over 10 years previously, Rev. Fleming had also
married a woman named Rachel Smith, this time to a Francis Snodgrass
(13
Mar
1795, Monongalia Marriages Book A, pg. 1).  Again, no marriage bond
or
license, only the minister's note that the marriage was performed.

     My own belief is that there is only one Rachel Smith involved here,
and
that she was successively married to Francis and Joseph Snodgrass,
outliving
both men by a good many years.  I can't prove this, but I can show
some
oddities in census information, particularly, which tend to support the
argument.  Joseph, for example, was only 21 when he married.  It's not
likely
that he was previously married.  He had only 3 legal heirs, all,
presumably,
born to Rachel, as their birthdates are 1807, about 1810, and about
1815.  The
1810 census shows in his household, 1 male and 1 female aged 26-45
(Joseph
&
Rachel), 3 males 10-16; 3 males 0-10, and 1 female 0-10.  Who are all
these
people?  Well, I think most of them are the children of Rachel by her
first
husband, Francis Snodgrass.

     We know that Frank and Rachel were married in 1795.  He is not on
the
censuses of 1810, 1820, or 1830, and he was certainly dead as of 7 Oct
1831,
when his father William Snodgrass Sr. made his will, mentioning
William,
Jeremiah, Lemuel, and Francis (in that order), the children of his
deceased
son Francis Snodgrass.  Is the order significant?  The grandsons seem
to be
listed in order of age.  Jeremiah was born in 1798, Lemuel in 1800, and
I
believe Francis is the Francis Snodgrass age 47 living in Barbour Co.,
VA, on
the 1850 census, hence born about 1802-3.  Is William listed first
because he
was the oldest?  I tend to think so, since the others are apparently
named in
order of age.  And that would put William's birth about 1795-1797, or
to 1798
at latest, making him possibly twin to Jerry.  (1796 is a good mean).

     The Joseph household, 1810, contains 3 males 10-16 and 3 males
under
10.
One of the males under 10 is Joseph Jr., son of Joseph and Rachel, who
was
born in 1807.  The three males 10-16 would be excellent matches for
William
B.
(b. 1796), Jeremiah (b. 1798), and Lemuel (b. 1800).  One of the two
unidentified males under 10 would match Francis (b. 1803).  That
leaves the
other to be another child of Francis & Rachel, who died young, or a
child of
Joseph & Rachel, who died young.  since they married 1805 and their
first
surviving child wasn't born until 1807, there is some room for another
in
between.

     Kendall speaks of Joseph, Sarah, Isabelle (or Elizabeth) Snodgrass
as
half-siblings of Squire Billy.  I believe he's right on this, after checking
the numbers in Joseph's household in 1810.  He's a bit confused, since
he
names Isabelle, on pg. 83, as the one who married a Musgrave (it was
Sarah).
But he does note that the Musgrave family included a daughter Alcinda,
who
married a Clayton.  Living with John and Sarah (Snodgrass) Musgrave
in
1850
was a daughter Alcinda, aged 13.  I haven't traced her yet, but I believe
she
will check out per Kendall's description.

     And, of course, it looks as if Kendall was correct in naming "Frank"
Snodgrass as Billy's father.  The error is in the name of his wife, which
was
Rachel Smith, not Isabelle ---, and in the date of birth attributed to him.
Billy's father must have been Frank Snodgrass, born ca. 1774, died ca.
1803-4
(bef. 12 Aug 1805).  This would make Billy a grandson, rather than a
nephew,
to William Snodgrass Sr.

     Rachel Smith Snodgrass died 22 Jul 1858, of old age (she "dropped
dead
out of hur Cheare", in Floyd's words), aged 81 years 4 months and 20
days
(Marion Co. Register of Deaths & Births, 1853-1860 & 1862, pg. 74). 
This
indicates a birthdate of about 2 Mar 1777.  Her tombstone is a few
months at
variance with this, and the death record is probably more reliable.  She
was
born in the state of Delaware and was the daughter of Samuel and Anna
Smith,
and had been consort of Joseph Snodgrass.  The information was given
by her
son-in-law, John Musgrave.

     I've been looking into William Snodgrass Sr., as this information
seemed
to point in his direction.  He probably died about April 1832, as his will
was
proven in May of that year, and there was rarely much time lost in
presenting
a will for probate.  Where death/probate dates can be checked, a
month's
difference is the average time.  William must have been one of the
leading
citizens of his community.  He turns up frequently as witness to deeds,
wills,
is mentioned in estate records, served as constable, etc.  His
handwriting
suggests he was reasonably well educated for the time.  Kendall gives
his year
of birth as 1751, which is not far off the mark.  He was 45+ in 1810 and
1820,
and 70-80 in 1830, so he must have been born about 1750-1752 at the
outside
ends.  His will is dated 7 Oct 1831.

     Who he married, I don't know, and I don't think anyone else is
entirely
sure, either.  The Ritchie Co. information names "Catherine Youst" as
his
wife, but the only wife of record for him is Barbary, who was also
70-80 in
1830 and who was living at the time he made his will.  His deeds, as
grantor,
are co-signed by Barbary, but these run quite late, from the 1820s.

     One possible clue is the death record of his son Benjamin (Marion
Co.
Death Register 1853-1860 & 1862, pg. 9).  Ben died 25 Mar 1853 in
Marion
Co.
The death record doesn't show his age, but Floyd gives it in a sentence
which
seems to say Ben would have been 61 on 5 Jun 1853, or that he had
turned 61
on
5 Jun 1852.  This is slightly "off" from the 1850 census, which makes
Benjamin
55 at that time.  Death record information is from Nicholas Baker, with
whom
Ben was living in 1850, and who is named as "nephew" and sole heir in
Ben's
will (Marion Co. Will Book 1, pg. 228; will written 1836 and probated
in
1853).  Baker was married to Fanny, or Frances Snodgrass, dau. of
William
(Jr.?).  As Benjamin's parents, Nick Baker names "William and Barbara
Snodgrass."  This seems awfully precise evidence, given Baker's
connection to
the family, and I'm willing to argue from what he says that Barbary
must be
mother of many, if not of all, William's children.  If she was Ben's
mother,
she must also be the mother of Michael, and of Isabella Satterfield, and
perhaps of Nathan, who are all of about the same age.  She and William
are
both counted as 70-80 in the 1830 census.  If they were of roughly the
same
age, there is no reason at all why she can't be mother of all the children,
and for now I'm presuming she was.

     Minnie Kendall Lowther's sources refer to Catherin Youst, but this
is
late evidence and it's not very precise.  "Youst" is always a German
name, and
"Barbary" is most commonly a German name in this period, too.  Quite
possibly
it was Barbary who was the Youst, and "Catherine" is a
misunderstanding by
her
great-great-grandchildren, who had never seen her, 70 years or more
after she
died.  Possibly there are death records in Ritchie Co. for Isaac and
William,
sons of William Sr., which might show what the family understood to
be their
mother's name, as of the 1860s and 1880s.  I'll see what I can find in
our
transcripts, if they go far enough to help.  But for now, my money is
riding
on Barbary.

     William had more children than are mentioned in his will.  He names
5
sons living & 1 son, Francis, deceased, and 2 daughters.  Sibbra
(Sabra?) Snodgrass, dau. of William, married William Higginbotham Jr.
in
Monongalia Co., 14 Jan 1807, per marriage bonds and returns.  (A
rather
mysterious Thomas H. Snodgrass, born ca. 1798, married an Annie
Higginbotham
(born ca. 1790), but may not be closely connected.  He lived in Wetzel
Co.,
amid emigrants from Marion/Monongalia Co.)

     William also seems to have been father of John and James
Snodgrass, who
were counted as paupers in the early 1800s.  I mentioned a note that
Overseers
of the Poor had paid William some money, a quarterly installment, of
money
due
him for their support, but I have no idea what was going on.  It doesn't
match
anything I'm familiar with in that period.  In fact, it sounds more like
ADC
than anything else, and they didn't do it at that time!  James, son of
William, bought land in 1797, and the deed was delivered to William in
1805.
The John who died in 1812 and whose estate is on record may very
well be
William's son.  I had been wondering if it might not instead, be
Kendall's
John Snodgrass Sr., but I'm more inclined now to think that it is indeed
a
younger man.  In 1810 William had a male 26-45 living with him, who
is not
present in 1820.  All you can elicit from the estate inventory is that this
John was presumably unmarried and not living an independent life.  He
must
have been someone's dependent, as his estate is far too meager to
represent
someone of any other descriptions.  As I said last time, an old man or a
bachelor.

     I'd mentioned, also, that James (son of Charles) would appear to
have
been a carouser as of the 1810 period.  I now tend to think that this
may
instead be James, son of William.  In 1810 (env. 167, Monongalia
Court
records), James Hayhurst sued James Snodgrass for debt.  No property
could
be
found to settle the judgement.  In 1812 (env. 199), James and Joseph
Hayhurst,
John Fluharty, James & Isaac Snodgrass, and several other men were
indicted
for mayhem, in that they had not tried to prevent or stop a fight
between one
of the Thorns and one of the Knights, involving eye-gouging and other
horrors,
nor to apprehend the winner after he'd finished with the loser.  It sounds
like a drunken brawl, and I don't know how my Dan Fluharty came to
miss
out on
it, particularly since his brother John attended.  About a month later,
James
and Joseph Snodgrass were indicted for assault and battery on James
Hayhurst.
They were acquitted.  The mayhem charges were dismissed without
trial. 
James
must have died or skipped the country, though I don't find any
particular
record of bad debts or bastardy charges against him.  And I haven't yet
learned what became of the 100 acres he'd bought from Robert Minnis,
on
Buffalo.  He didn't apparently sell it in his own right, and even if he'd
lost
it for debts, there would be a deed on record conveying ownership.

     Well, I have gone on long enough for now, and will close without
getting
into the 1810-1840 census readings.  Will cover those next time, as well
as
what I can learn from circuit clerks files at Morgantown.  There may be
something there to shed some light on the Charles Snodgrass/Mary
Fluharty
Floyd/John Smith Sr. etc. situation, which would also clear up the
matter of
Charles's heirs.  I'll also get you copies of the Rev. Jesse Snodgrass
sketch,
from Hardesty, and of Dr. Black's coverage of the background of the
Snodgrass
name.  It seems pretty certain that your ancestors took their name from
that
acreage in Ayrshire and later carried it across the North Channel, to
Ireland,
and from there to America.  Kendall noted that the war prevented him
from
getting much done in Irish records, and what he does have from Irish
sources
is so disjointed and incomplete as to be relatively useless.  Irish records
were so badly damaged during the Civil War of the 1920 period, that
it's hard
to do much over there now, unless you tie into one of the landed gentry
families.

    Take care, and best wishes,
    Rick Toothman

PS:  Floyd's register, #148 (Deaths) gives "July 22-1858  Old ant
Rachel
Snodgrass Departed this life on thusDay  She Dropped Dead out of hur
Cheare
aged 81 years  The wans that Dug hur grave Nicholas Baker James h.
Floyd
Simeon Donnelly John Baker   The wones that laid her in the Covvin
Nancy
Knight Jacob Straight James H. Floyd Simeon Donnelly.  Ant Rachels
funeral
was
preached by David Cunningham at the house before she was buried  
firs him
was
Page 650 and text 11 Corrinthians 5 Capter and four verse   for we
know that
if our earthly house of this tabernacle was Dissolved we have a building
of
God  and house not maid with hands eternel in the heavens" (as printed
in
MARION CO. GENEALOGY GLEANINGS, June 1980 issue).
--------------------
Dear Sandy,

     I see by your Queary in GLEANINGS that you're still looking for
Mary
Snodgrass's (about 1802-1882) background.  Have recently finished a
Jolliffe
project which leave me wondering just how/where she can fit into that
family
at all.

     The sources which call her "Jolliffe" don't say anything about her
family.  These are a bio sketch of a son or grandson in Hardesty
(RITCHIE
CO.)
and the Kendall book.  Marion Co. death records, on information of her
daughter May A. Ice, name "John & Anna Snodgrass" as her parents.  I
suppose
that Mary Ann meant the John & Anna who lived 2 or 3 houses away
from the
Billy Snodgrass family, on Rush Run of Warrior Fork.

     If so, that also presents problems, since there were a couple of
lawsuits
over John's estate.  His heirs are named in detail, and don't include
anyone
who could be identified as Mary Snodgrass, wife of William.

     Per the Bible record, Mary can't be a daughter of William Jolliffe &
Catherine Collins.  She certainly doesn't belong to William's only
brother
John (1768-1850); he had a daughter Mary, who is accounted for.  If
Mary
was a
Jolliffe, about the only place she fits comfortably (and even here the
dates
are tight) is as a daughter of James Jolliffe & Drusilla Prickett, of Pine
Grove, who married in 1801.

     William B. Snodgrass Jr. divorced his wife in 1868.  The evidence
includes a rather nasty story (told by one of his brothers-in-law), whose
punchline indicates that Billy Jr's grandmother was living as of about
1860.
But it's told in such vague language that it's hard to be sure of what it
does
mean, other than that Billy had some personal habits Emily Post would
not
have
approved of.  (The story is, briefly, that while in bed with his wife, Billy
Jr. turned around and farted in her face.  When asked why he had done
this, he
replied that "his grandmother was watching."  Enoch Evans, his
brother-in-law,
told this in court, and evidently he had been in the room at the time.)

     The only alternative is that there was another Jolliffe family in the
area.  I've made a fairly thorough canvass of records, and don't find any
indication that this is the case.  Anna Snodgrass, wife of John and
putatively
mother of Mary, is also reported by Kendall to have been a Jolliffe, but
she
also doesn't fit into what is known about local Jolliffes.  I would not be
surprised if Anna had been a Fluharty (in fact, I rather like the idea), but
her dates are completely out of kilter per the Jolliffes.

     One potential explanation, though I offer it only as a passing theory,
would be that Mary was Anna Snodgrass's child, born out of wedlock
before
Anna
married John Snodgrass.  In that case Mary would not have been a legal
heir
of
John Snodgrass, hence the omission of her name in the legal papers.  I
haven't
seen John's will, which was thrown out by the court.  Only a late
codicil,
leaving a horse to a grandson, was included.  The will should be in a
case-file envelope at the Circuit Clerk's office, but I don't know where it
is.  Indexing there is sometimes erratic and unreliable.  The will book
indicates a lawsuit, though.

     I'd be unwilling to reject Mary Ann Ice's testimony out of hand.  She
was
a daughter, and Mary Sr. lived with her, it appears.  Also, she'd have
known
John and Anna all her life.  Why would she think they were her
grandparents if
they weren't?

     You might try the National Archives.  Mary lived long enough to
have
applied for a War of 1812 widow's pension, and to apply she'd have had
to
state her birth name, date & place of marriage, etc.  I don't know
William's
service record, except that family sources say he was an 1812 soldier.
"William Snodgrass Jr. was drafted in late January 1815, under Capt.
John
Lantz," and this may be him.  The company was only in service 13 days,
as
word
came that the war was over.  None of the widows seem to have gotten
pensions,
since the law required a minimum of 14 days' service, but quite a few
widows
of these men (e.g. Sarah Riggs, Mary Fluharty, Betsey Toothman, etc.)
did
apply, and the "rejected" files can be fairly useful for information.
<Charlou's note:  checking the index of 1812 pension applications
which
appeared in THE MACE, vol. X, pg. 7, there is the following:
W038685 - William Snodgrass - VA - militia - wife Mary - under Cap.
J.
Luntz.
This appears to be Squire Billy and his wife Mary, but so far as I know,
we do
not have a copy of this in the files of the Snodgrass Clan.>

     Not sure how many Williams were old enough to have gone out in
1812.  I
think, but am not sure, that Charles Sr. had a son William.  A William
Jr.
signed an 1810 petition, on Pharoh's Run, but I don't know who he
was. 
Most
of the signers were from the family of William (d. 1831).

     I noticed on your charts that you had the wrong dates for Drusilla
Jolliffe.  She's been much confused with her 1st cousin, Mary Drusilla
Prickett, as both of them married men named James Jolliffe.  Your Dru
was
born
about 28 Feb 1783 and died 26 May 1870, according to her tombstone. 
DAR
records get these 2 women very mixed up.  Dru's husband was son of
William
and
Catherine Jolliffe; while Mary (she didn't use "Drusilla") married a son
of
William's brother, John Jolliffe.  Some deeds in WV and the Midwest
help to
straighten out this.

     Hope some of this has been of use or interest.  If you do establish
who
Mary Snodgrass was, I'd be most interested in knowing.

    Best wishes,
    Rick Toothman
   
    
    
    
    
    
############################################################################
                                                       APPENDIX 4

Social Security Death Records (Through 1996) 
Copyright 1997 Palladium Interactive, Inc. [from their CD]
 
Name /                                    SS# /   Issuing State / Birth Date /  Death Date /  Death State
 
SNODGRASS, ABBIE       233-01-5894   WV   13 MAR 1890,    MAR 1986, WV
     Place of last residence:   WHEELING, OHIO, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ADA         233-98-4322   WV   31 OCT 1919,    DEC 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   HARRISVILLE, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALBERT      235-10-5724   WV   15 JUL 1905,    SEP 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   BRANCHLAND, LINCOLN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALFRED      235-10-5322   WV    2 NOV 1906,    OCT 1978, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALICE       235-42-3653   WV    7 DEC 1905,    AUG 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   COLLIERS, BROOKE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALMA        233-96-7716   WV   16 MAR 1895,    OCT 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALMA        367-38-8942   MI   25 AUG 1903,    JAN 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   WEIRTON, HANCOCK, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALTA        105-20-4007   NY   20 OCT 1909,    SEP 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   HENDERSON, MASON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ALVIN       232-03-1826   NC    8 FEB 1913,    MAR 1967, WV
     Place of last residence:   SHINNSTON, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ANNA        274-24-4649   OH   22 FEB 1887,    SEP 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   HARRISVILLE, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ARNOLD      235-03-6558   WV   14 NOV 1899,    JAN 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BEATRICE    233-88-6230   WV   14 FEB 1924,    AUG 1986, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BEATRICE    233-96-7691   WV   24 APR 1906,    NOV 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   RACINE, BOONE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BEN         233-22-5188   WV   21 NOV 1906,    OCT 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BENNIE      233-07-4627   WV    2 JAN 1896,    DEC 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BERNARD     232-22-1934   NC   18 JUL 1891,    JUN 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   SAINT ALBANS, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BERTHA      233-20-1561   WV   29 DEC 1901,    SEP 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BERTHA      235-98-0758   WV    6 SEP 1901,    JUN 1980, WV
     Place of last residence:   NITRO, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BESSIE      235-32-5490   WV    8 JUL 1895,    APR 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   SPENCER, ROANE, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: MILLWOOD, JACKSON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BEULAH      233-14-5083   WV    8 NOV 1917,    MAY 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BLAINE      235-58-8333   WV   27 MAR 1887,    MAY 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   BRANCHLAND, LINCOLN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BROOK       235-05-8052   WV    5 APR 1891,    AUG 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BRUCE       235-01-0473   WV   11 JAN 1896,    SEP 1976, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, BURROWS     232-54-6108   NC   14 JUN 1893,    MAY 1966, WV
     Place of last residence:   NEW MARTINSVILLE, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CHARLES     236-07-5336   WV   21 FEB 1902,    AUG 1976, WV
     Place of last residence:   UNEEDA, BOONE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CHARLES     350-30-4033   IL    7 MAR 1885,    JUL 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   BRANCHLAND, LINCOLN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CHESTER     235-12-9379   WV   29 OCT 1917,    MAR 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CHRISTOPHE  236-03-3569   WV    7 SEP 1881,    APR 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   BUCKHANNON, UPSHUR, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CLARENCE    234-01-2477   WV   25 APR 1910,    APR 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   DUNBAR, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CLEM        232-07-2697   NC    4 JUL 1883,    JAN 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   SMITHFIELD, WETZEL, WV 
[vss - Clem Joseph Snodgrass - my great grandfather - I knew him (I was 22 when he died); have
copy of his death certificate which I rec'd from Jack Lee Snodgrass of Clearwater, FL]
 
SNODGRASS, CLEM        235-01-0964   WV   19 AUG 1910,    JUL 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   SCOTT DEPOT, PUTNAM, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CLIFTON     233-18-2426   WV   29 JAN 1902,    MAR 1969, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CLIFTON     233-96-7496   WV   14 MAR 1902,    APR 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CLIFTON     236-05-4735   WV   18 APR 1879,    FEB 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CONRAD      234-03-5397   WV   25 NOV 1889,    FEB 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CORA        232-96-4287   NC    4 MAY 1886,    MAY 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CORNELIUS   053-24-5639   NY    9 AUG 1900,    JUL 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   MARTINSBURG, BERKELEY, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CORNELIUS   235-01-4676   WV   20 OCT 1896,    OCT 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, CRESTON     233-26-7029   WV   17 MAY 1921,    MAY 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   LUMBERPORT, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DANIEL      232-14-3286   NC   10 JUL 1895,    NOV 1969, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DELLA       233-36-9594   WV   23 OCT 1908,    DEC 1983, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DELLA       233-96-6944   WV   11 MAY 1884,    NOV 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   WEIRTON, HANCOCK, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DELLA       234-62-0891   WV    9 MAY 1880,    NOV 1963, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DONALD      236-18-6673   WV    2 OCT 1914,    JAN 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   WHEELING, OHIO, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: WHEELING, OHIO, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DONALD      236-24-9961   WV   18 SEP 1923,    FEB 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DORA        236-98-7984   WV   18 JAN 1887,    JAN 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   FAIRMONT, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DOROTHY     232-96-3099   NC   20 JUL 1903,    MAR 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, DOROTHY     234-88-4635   WV   24 NOV 1902,    NOV 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   BOB WHITE, BOONE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, E           235-16-8631   WV   16 MAR 1908,    JUN 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   SMITHFIELD, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EDITH       235-24-6118   WV   30 JUN 1882,    MAY 1963, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EDITH       290-32-7274   OH   20 JAN 1913,    APR 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   OAK HILL, FAYETTE, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: OAK HILL, FAYETTE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EDNA        233-76-7629   WV   10 SEP 1899,    OCT 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   MOATSVILLE, BARBOUR, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ELIGA       233-12-4543   WV   14 NOV 1915,    SEP 1966, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ELIGAH      274-24-4621   OH   13 MAR 1882,    JUN 1964, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ELIZABETH   233-38-4012   WV   17 DEC 1919,    JUL 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   BELLE, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ELIZABETH   233-48-2960   WV   28 MAR 1895,    NOV 1978, WV
     Place of last residence:   SALEM, HARRISON, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: SALEM, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ELSIE       233-96-1367   WV    3 AUG 1892,    MAR 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EMMETT      235-01-4659   WV   14 OCT 1901,    JAN 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ERNEST      233-28-4526   WV   11 JUN 1894,    MAR 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   WILLIAMSON, MINGO, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ETTA        235-78-2770   WV   16 AUG 1905,    JUL 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EULA        235-01-3952   WV   11 APR 1905,    NOV 1986, WV
     Place of last residence:   SUTTON, BRAXTON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EVA         233-36-7586   WV    8 JUL 1898,    NOV 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EVERETT     232-07-4407   NC   29 OCT 1906,    JAN 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, EZRA        234-01-2524   WV    6 JUL 1912,    MAY 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, FLORA       235-74-7538   WV      AUG 1894,    SEP 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   FAIRVIEW, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, FLOSSIE     234-54-0227   WV   18 JAN 1885,    NOV 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   BUCKHANNON, UPSHUR, WV
 
SNODGRASS, FLOYD       232-18-7741   NC   20 MAR 1893,    NOV 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   WAYNE, WAYNE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, FRANK       234-03-8290   WV   16 OCT 1902,    FEB 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, FRED        236-10-3268   WV   27 JAN 1911,    MAR 1976, WV
     Place of last residence:   COALWOOD, MCDOWELL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEMMA       233-40-4180   WV   29 MAR 1900,    FEB 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   NEW MARTINSVILLE, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEORGE      235-01-4671   WV   22 OCT 1886,    AUG 1976, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEORGE      235-01-7303   WV   12 AUG 1898,    JUL 1969, WV
     Place of last residence:   BLUE CREEK, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEORGE      235-18-4188   WV   29 SEP 1910,    JUL 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEORGE      236-01-4196   WV    3 JUL 1879,    OCT 1969, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GEORGIA     233-72-6776   WV   28 NOV 1883,    JUL 1968, WV
     Place of last residence:   RIVESVILLE, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GERTRUDE    233-96-8926   WV   25 AUG 1888,    JAN 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GERTRUDE    234-36-5517   WV   24 JUL 1897,    OCT 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   DUNBAR, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GILBERT     233-24-3513   WV    2 NOV 1910,    NOV 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GOLDIE      236-30-2595   WV   18 OCT 1896,    JUL 1983, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, GRACE       233-60-1713   WV    1 OCT 1901,    MAR 1976, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HALLIE      233-46-7362   WV    8 APR 1913,    MAY 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   GLEN DANIEL, RALEIGH, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HARLAND     235-14-6871   WV   26 JUN 1920,    JUN 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HARLEY      234-14-8998   WV    8 SEP 1891,    DEC 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   SMITHVILLE, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HARRY       235-16-6404   WV    5 APR 1920,    DEC 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   BELLE, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: BELLE, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HARRY       236-12-7476   WV   11 SEP 1899,    SEP 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   NEW MARTINSVILLE, WETZEL, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: NEW MARTINSVILLE, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HARVEY      234-01-5510   WV   17 AUG 1908,    FEB 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HATTIE      235-22-3190   WV   17 FEB 1892,    FEB 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   LEFT HAND, ROANE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HERSHEL     234-14-1620   WV    9 JAN 1894,    NOV 1969, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HORTON      233-44-2286   WV   14 APR 1930,    MAR 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, HOWARD      233-07-6885   WV   25 FEB 1892,    AUG 1968, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, IRA         234-28-9364   WV   15 JUL 1884,    DEC 1966, WV
     Place of last residence:   ASHFORD, BOONE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, J           232-16-3847   NC   13 MAY 1912,    AUG 1972, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JAMES       235-09-0421   WV   23 MAY 1883,    MAY 1963, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JAMES       384-09-2709   MI   25 APR 1884,    MAR 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JEAN        209-32-7678   PA   21 SEP 1899,    OCT 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JERRY       235-16-7248   WV   25 MAY 1899,    APR 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JESSE       230-10-6589   VA    8 NOV 1904,    JUL 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   ARNETT, RALEIGH, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHN        234-10-3610   WV   30 JUN 1902,    SEP 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHN        234-54-3073   WV    3 FEB 1894,    FEB 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHN        235-01-4673   WV   25 FEB 1880,    APR 1967, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHN        236-01-3556   WV    4 SEP 1903,    JUL 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   ELKVIEW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHN        236-07-1191   WV   17 DEC 1905,    JUN 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOHNIE      233-07-3870   WV   19 SEP 1890,    JUN 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   NITRO, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOSEPH      235-07-2610   WV   11 OCT 1894,    DEC 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   SPENCER, ROANE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOSEPH      236-24-5773   WV    7 MAR 1921,    MAR 1983, WV
     Place of last residence:   SUMMERSVILLE, NICHOLAS, WV
 
SNODGRASS, JOSEPHINE   235-50-0864   WV   11 JUN 1887,    MAY 1978, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: ALUM CREEK, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, KATHLEEN    234-58-5021   WV   15 APR 1915,    NOV 1983, WV
     Place of last residence:   FAIRMONT, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, KATHRYN     235-18-3121   WV    7 NOV 1881,    MAR 1964, WV
 
SNODGRASS, KENNETH     232-03-5885   NC   28 DEC 1904,    OCT 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   WEIRTON, HANCOCK, WV
 
SNODGRASS, KINNAIRD    234-03-6756   WV    4 FEB 1881,    MAR 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LEO         235-18-9441   WV    9 DEC 1901,    DEC 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   SMITHFIELD, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LEROY       234-24-3276   WV   10 APR 1918,    JUL 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LESLIE      232-18-0074   NC   30 DEC 1907,    AUG 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   OAK HILL, FAYETTE, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: BECKLEY, RALEIGH, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LETA        233-72-2155   WV      APR 1883,    DEC 1973, WV
     Place of last residence:   BUCKHANNON, UPSHUR, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LEVI        235-01-4660   WV   24 SEP 1903,    APR 1980, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LIZZIE      272-48-0925   OH    1 MAR 1887,    MAR 1986, WV
     Place of last residence:   RAVENSWOOD, JACKSON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LLOYD       234-24-3476   WV   24 FEB 1902,    JUN 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LORENA      235-20-2737   WV   12 APR 1909,    NOV 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   PULLMAN, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LOUIS       233-18-7977   WV   16 OCT 1878,    MAR 1964, WV
 
SNODGRASS, LUTHER      232-16-3885   NC   11 APR 1890,    MAR 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MALISSA     236-64-0560   WV   28 SEP 1891,    DEC 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   PINE GROVE, WETZEL, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: PINE GROVE, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MARGARET    232-09-0041   NC   30 DEC 1891,    JUL 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MARGARET    232-38-5688   NC   26 MAY 1915,    JUL 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CLARKSBURG, HARRISON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MARION      233-32-4809   WV    8 FEB 1888,    JUL 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   SPENCER, ROANE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MARY        232-02-0399   NC   28 OCT 1887,    JAN 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   ELLENBORO, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MELVIN      232-28-3246   NC   16 MAR 1913,    APR 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   WHEELING, OHIO, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MERLE       233-12-8062   WV   24 NOV 1908,    MAY 1976, WV
     Place of last residence:   LOCHGELLY, FAYETTE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MINNIE      232-92-0647   NC    4 JAN 1915,    SEP 1986, WV
     Place of last residence:   HERNSHAW, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MYRON       235-60-6141   WV   30 JAN 1898,    APR 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   FAIRMONT, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, MYRTLE      235-44-8393   WV   16 APR 1901,    APR 1977, WV
     Place of last residence:   POCA, PUTNAM, WV
 
SNODGRASS, NANNIE      232-80-6576   NC   14 AUG 1886,    NOV 1969, WV
     Place of last residence:   HENDERSON, MASON, WV
 
SNODGRASS, NELLIE      234-96-4247   WV    3 JAN 1906,    NOV 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   ARNETT, RALEIGH, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ODDIE       232-68-5183   NC   31 AUG 1896,    MAR 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   SPENCER, ROANE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ORPHA       234-54-0376   WV   17 MAR 1878,    JUL 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   SMITHFIELD, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ORVIL       234-16-9300   WV   24 FEB 1918,    JUN 1987, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, OTHOR       232-12-0354   NC   15 APR 1895,    JUL 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, OTTIS       234-58-4561   WV    8 NOV 1883,    NOV 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   HARRISVILLE, RITCHIE, WV
 
SNODGRASS, PAIGE       235-14-7705   WV   13 NOV 1910,    JUN 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   VIENNA, WOOD, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: VIENNA, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, PEARLIE     234-96-3551   WV   20 SEP 1903,    SEP 1975, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, PERCIE      236-01-2714   WV    6 JUL 1898,    OCT 1985, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, PERRY       235-03-3614   WV   21 OCT 1886,    AUG 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, PHYLLIS     236-50-9108   WV   23 OCT 1930,    MAR 1981, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, RALPH       236-18-0168   WV   27 FEB 1919,    JUL 1978, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, RICHARD     233-22-0436   WV   16 DEC 1878,    JAN 1970, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ROBERT      235-28-8625   WV   12 OCT 1905,    JUN 1980, WV
     Place of last residence:   MYRA, LINCOLN, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: HAMLIN, LINCOLN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ROSE        232-96-9540   NC    7 MAY 1900,    SEP 1986, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, ROY         232-09-7308   NC   20 AUG 1883,    AUG 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, RUDOLPH     235-01-4662   WV    4 OCT 1907,    APR 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, SHERMAN     235-16-7246   WV    5 MAR 1887,    FEB 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   SAINT ALBANS, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, SIBYL       232-68-1243   NC   11 JAN 1918,    DEC 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, SUDIE       233-74-1226   WV   25 SEP 1886,    FEB 1982, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, THELMA      233-50-8072   WV   14 FEB 1914,    JUN 1984, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHLOE, CALHOUN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, THOMAS      234-01-5060   WV   14 FEB 1889,    JAN 1980, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
     Place of lump sum payment: CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, TIVIS       236-26-7866   WV    4 DEC 1905,    OCT 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   CHARLESTON, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, VIOLET      234-84-8035   WV   11 APR 1912,    OCT 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   JACKSONBURG, WETZEL, WV
 
SNODGRASS, VIRGIL      232-09-5689   NC    8 JAN 1889,    JUL 1964, WV
 
SNODGRASS, VIRGINIA    234-54-2226   WV   15 JUL 1887,    DEC 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   FAIRMONT, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WAITMAN     232-05-7899   NC    8 DEC 1894,    OCT 1979, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WALTER      232-28-9409   NC   30 JUN 1883,    JAN 1967, WV
     Place of last residence:   BRANCHLAND, LINCOLN, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     232-03-1709   NC   27 JUN 1894,    FEB 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   MANNINGTON, MARION, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     233-03-8081   WV    8 SEP 1902,    MAR 1974, WV
     Place of last residence:   WHEELING, OHIO, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     234-01-3279   WV   16 DEC 1913,    NOV 1971, WV
     Place of last residence:   SAINT ALBANS, KANAWHA, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     235-01-1946   WV    1 AUG 1890,    DEC 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     235-32-4458   WV   24 JAN 1888,    SEP 1972, WV
     Place of last residence:   PARKERSBURG, WOOD, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIAM     236-34-5942   WV    6 MAR 1882,    FEB 1963, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WILLIE      232-10-9162   NC    5 NOV 1883,    SEP 1965, WV
 
SNODGRASS, WINFIELD    233-60-3922   WV