What would the site be without histories. I found these from various sources journals, books, archives, and anywhere else I could scrounge them up from. I do not know the authenticity of the sources but most I believe to be true. At least in the minds of who wrote them. Take a journey through my families' history with me.

It's storytelling time! Some of these stories are true while others are not. I cannot be held responsible for the content or feelings that may arise when you read these. Do not believe everything you read, but do believe some. These amazingly exciting tales have been passed from generation to generation. So, you can see how they could have been changed to make them sound better but not necessarily more true. I hope you enjoy them as much as I did!

Please note that there are some discrepancies in dates and historical data in the different histories presented. The histories have been written by other family members and I am leaving them as they have been written.

If some stories or histories have been left out please notify me. Tell me which family it came from, and where you found out about it. I would greatly appreciate any help or suggestions you can offer.

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COPY WRITE my opinion... From what I (this webmaster), understand which is my opinion and understanding so far. As most of the information on copyright laws are very confusing, to me. I don't believe anyone should ever put their name on someone else's work. As far as histories and information on ancestors are concerned. I would hope that we could share each others information when asked. Giving credit to websites and the authors of the information whenever possible. Placing a link to the site and date the information was found. I try to get permission from the website master and author when their e-mail is available. On my source page which is not available on line (to keep the correspondence confidential) I place our correspondence. Write the date I copied the information and the website address, where information was taken from. Include the link to the source page that has the correspondence to and from that website master and author. As of right now, I don't think that you need to ask for permission to place a link to websites. But it would be a nice gesture as I would like to know who likes my site well enough to place a link to it. I love Genealogy and finding the histories of our relatives. To have a history of an ancestor brings that name to life again. It is not just a name with statistics. They are real people that lived and have a personality and experiences that can help us to understand who we came from. It would me nice to work together in this quest. My main reason I copy information is to have as complete a history as I can, of an ancestor all in one place, without having to search other sites. Another reason I copy information is that webpage addresses change so often that the information would be lost if not copied the minute it is found. I change the names of some of my pages as new information comes in and I need to make a new category. Some people change the address because they find new sites that they place their information on. For me I use Rootsweb.com which I highly recommend. It is a wonderful site that gives me much needed advice and information. My mail sources on CD only ***** A wonderful Guide for gathering sources and informaiton is in "Creating Worthwhile Genealogies for our Families and Descendants" http://rwguide.rootsweb.com/lesson12.htm

Information on Copywrite below is copied from the source stated. I started this research June 30, 2005. Below are links and information on Copyright laws 17 USCS Sects. 101 - 810 my comment: has online applications to copyright your site. http://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/copyright.table.html From this site is states: Sect. 302. Duration of copyright: Works created on or after January 1, 1978 (a) In general. Copyright in a work created on or after January 1, 1978, subsists from its creation and, except as provided by the following subsections, endures for a term consisting of the life of the author and fifty years after the author's death. (b) Joint works. In the case of a joint work prepared by two or more authors who did not work for hire, the copyright endures for a term consisting of the life of the last surviving author and fifty years after such last surviving author's death. (c) Anonymous works, pseudonymous works, and works made for hire. In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of seventy-five years from the year of its first publication, or a term of one hundred years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first. If, before the end of such term, the identity of one or more of the authors of an anonymous or pseudonymous work is revealed in the records of a registration made for that work under subsections (a) or (d) of section 408 [17 USCS Sect. 408], or in the records provided by this subsection, the copyright in the work endures for the term specified by subsection (a) or (b), based on the life of the author or authors whose identity has been revealed. Any person having an interest in the copyright in an anonymous or pseudonymous work may at any time record, in records to be maintained by the Copyright Office for that purpose, a statement identifying one or more authors of the work; the statement shall also identify the person filing it, the nature of that person's interest, the source of the information recorded, and the particular work affected, and shall comply in form and content with requirements that the Register of Copyrights shall prescribe by regulation. (d) Records relating to death of authors. Any person having an interest in a copyright may at any time record in the Copyright Office a statement of the date of death of the author of the copyrighted work, or a statement that the author is still living on a particular date. The statement shall identify the person filing it, the nature of that person's interest, and the source of the information recorded, and shall comply in form and content with requirements that the Register of Copyrights shall prescribe by regulation. The Register shall maintain current records of information relating to the death of authors of copyrighted works, based on such recorded statements and, to the extent the Register considers practicable, on data contained in any of the records of the Copyright Office or in other reference sources. (e) Presumption as to author's death. After a period of seventy-five years from the year of first publication of a work, or a period of one hundred years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first, any person who obtains from he Copyright Office a certified report that the records provided by subsection (d) disclose nothing to indicate that the author of the work is living, or died less than fifty years before, is entitled to the benefit of a presumption that the author has been dead for at least fifty years. Reliance in good faith upon this presumption shall be a complete defense to any action for infringement under this title [17 USCS Sects. 101 et seq.].

Web Resources U.S. Code (Copyright) Legal Information Institute http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/ Copyright Crash Course Georgia Harper, Office of General Counsel, University of Texas http://www.utsystem.edu/ogc/intellectualproperty/cprtindx.htm What is fair use? We would all appreciate a clear, crisp answer to that one, but far from clear and crisp, fair use is better described as a shadowy territory whose boundaries are disputed, more so now that it includes cyberspace than ever before. In a way, it's like a no-man's land. Enter at your own risk. Why is it like this and does it have to be this way? Is there no alternative to the vagueness of the "four factor fair use analysis," to fear of lawsuits and frustration with uncertainty? Maybe it is reasonable to simply throw up our hands and say, "What's the use?" After all, many legal scholars, politicians, copyright owners and users and their lawyers agree that fair use is so hard to understand that it fails to provide effective guidance for the use of others' works today. But the fact is, we really must understand and rely on it. Media and Telecommunications Policy and Legislation University of California, Berkeley http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/copyrightbib.html#webtexts "Fair Use of Copyrighted Works: A Crucial Element in Educating America" http://www.cetus.org/fairindex.html This home page contains the electronic version of Fair Use of Copyrighted Works, a pamphlet published by CETUS. It was put together by the Working Group on Ownership, Legal Rights of Use and Fair Use of the CSU-SUNY-CUNY Joint Committee. It also contains links to fair-use guidelines and other resources that are intended to promote a fuller understanding and appreciation of copyright laws. http://www.cetus.org/fairindex.html link from above site... http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/copyrightbib.html#webtexts This home page contains the electronic version of Fair Use of Copyrighted Works, a pamphlet published by CETUS. It was put together by the Working Group on Ownership, Legal Rights of Use and Fair Use of the CSU-SUNY-CUNY Joint Committee. It also contains links to fair-use guidelines and other resources that are intended to promote a fuller understanding and appreciation of copyright laws. Copyright Carnegie Mellon University Libraries http://www.library.cmu.edu/OtherInfo/Copyright.html Copyright Basics U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html WHAT IS COPYRIGHT? Copyright is a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to the authors of “original works of authorship,” including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is available to both published and unpublished works. Section 106 of the 1976 Copyright Act generally gives the owner of copyright the exclusive right to do and to authorize others to do the following: To reproduce the work in copies or phonorecords; To prepare derivative works based upon the work; To distribute copies or phonorecords of the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending; To perform the work publicly, in the case of literary, musical, dramatic, and choreographic works, pantomimes, and motion pictures and other audiovisual works; http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ22.html has more information Automatic Copyright Under the present copyright law, copyright exists in original works of authorship created and fixed in any tangible medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly, or indirectly with the aid of a machine or device. In other words, copyright is an incident of creative authorship not dependent on statutory formalities. Thus, registration with the Copyright Office generally is not required, but there are certain advantages that arise from a timely registration. For further information on the advantages of registration, write or call the Copyright Office and request Circular 1, "Copyright Basics." Advance permission from, or registration with, the Copyright Office is not required before placing a copyright notice on copies of the work or on phonorecords of a sound recording. Moreover, for works first published on or after January 1, 1978, through February 28, 1989, omission of the required notice, or use of a defective notice, did not result in forfeiture or outright loss of copyright protection. Certain omissions of, or defects in, the notice of copyright, however, could have led to loss of copyright protection if steps were not taken to correct or cure the omissions or defects. The Copyright Office has issued a final regulation (37 CFR 201.20) that suggests various acceptable positions for the notice of copyright. For further information, write to the Copyright Office and request Circular 3,“ Copyright Notice,” and Circular 96, Section 201.20, “Methods of Affixation and Positions of the Copyright Notice on Various Types of Works.” *** Duration of Copyright Protection Works Originally Copyrighted on or after January 1, 1978 A work that is created and fixed in tangible form for the first time on or after January 1, 1978, is automatically protected from the moment of its creation and is ordinarily given a term enduring for the author’s life plus an additional 70 years after the author’s death. In the case of "a joint work prepared by two or more authors who did not work for hire," the term lasts for 70 years after the last surviving author’s death. For works made for hire and for anonymous and pseudonymous works (unless the author’s identity is revealed in the Copyright Office records), the duration of copyright will be 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation, whichever is less. Works created before the 1976 law came into effect but neither published nor registered for copyright before January 1, 1978, have been automatically brought under the statute and are now given federal copyright protection. The duration of copyright in these works will generally be computed in the same way as for new works: the life- plus-70 or 95/120-year terms will apply. However, all works in this category are guaranteed at least 25 years of statutory protection. Copyright Basics U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress http://www.loc.gov/copyright/circs/circ1.html The Copyright Website my comment: has online applications to copyright your site. http://www.benedict.com Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia http://www.adec.edu/admin/papers/fair10-17.html Software Information Industry Association http://www.spa.org Telecommunications and Intellectual Property Law http://www.blueriver.net/~wyrm/tele.html http://www.copyright.com/ccc/do/viewPage?pageCode=au107 Books In Print, Global Books In Print, and Ulrich’s Resource Linker now allow librarians and staff to quickly and easily clear copyright permissions as they search for bibliographic information about specific books, journals and other copyrighted material. Customers simply select the “get permission” link featured on each of the three information services, and are taken to the appropriate permission service and search results page on copyright.com. User and bibliographic information is automatically transferred from Bowker applications to copyright.com, eliminating the customer’s need to log in, re-enter information or conduct another title search. COPYRIGHT LIMITATIONS ..Utah.gov Terms of Use. The State has made the content of certain pages of its Web sites available to the public. Anyone may view, copy, or distribute information found within these web pages (not including the design or layout of the pages) for personal or informational use without owing an obligation to the State if the documents are not modified in any respect, and unless otherwise stated on the particular materials or information to which a restriction on free use applies. The State makes no warranty, however, that the materials contained within these pages are free from copyright claims, or other restrictions or limitations on free use or display. The State disclaims any liability for the improper or incorrect use of information obtained from its Web sites.