Charles and Elizabeth Kelley had three or four children. Three are known to have reached adulthood. The 1850 census of Gonzales County, Texas, shows a son James, age 10. That would make him older than the marriage. No other record of such a child has been found. That census also does not show Charles and Elizabeth's second son, Robert, who would have been 5 years old by then.

The children of Charles Kelley and Elizabeth Jane Henry were:
| James Kelley | b 1840 d young? | found only in 1850 census |
| Thomas Elwood Kelley | b 1843 d 1915 | m Sylbert Anna Foreman, |
| Robert Polk Kelley | b 1845 d 1935 | m Texana Foreman, |
| Mary Jane Kelley | b 1848 d 1899 | m William Wiley Carpenter |

| Mary Ella Kelley | 1870-1951 [see a picture of Mary Ella Kelley Kirksey] | m Thomas Jackson Kirksey |
| Charles Edward Kelley | 1872-1873 | was a twin |
| James Jesse "Bud" Kelley | 1872-1938 | m Lola Rozelle Magee |
| Robert Lafayette Kelley | 1874-1944 [see a picture of Robert L Kelley] | m Mary Etta Clark |
| William Walter Kelley | 1877-1962 | m Ida Hinton Jolley |
| Minnie Kelley | 1879-1916 [see a picture of Minnie and Wiley Kelley] | did not marry |
| Wiley Kelley | 1881-1955 | m Willie Ann Burditt |
| Lizzie Priscilla Kelley | 1885-? | m John Johnson |
One Kelley family researcher gives the children of Robert and Texana Kelley as:
| Sylbert Anna Liza Kelley | 1873-1905 |
| William Jesse Kelley | 18 April 1875 - 26 Jan 1901 [see a picture of Jesse] |
| Ida Ora Kelley | 3 Dec 1881 - 25 Feb 1958 |
| Ada Azzielle Kelley | March 1882 - 26 Jan 1900 |
| Lela Gertrune Kelley | Feb 1885 - ? |
| Bessie Bula Kelley | b 3 Aug 1885 d 20 Feb 1920 |
| Mary | 1869-1886 |
| Sallie Vida | 1871-? |
| Lou Etta | 1874-1935 |
| Charles William | 1876-1943 |
| Wiley Marvin | 1879-1954 |
| Albert Franklin | 1882-? |
They were
| Samuel Jackson KELLEY b: 14 DEC 1876 | m Lucy L ? |
| Ferdinand DeSota KELLEY b: 29 DEC 1878 d: 18 AUG 1951 | m Selma Thenia |
| Louisa KELLEY b: 6 MAR 1881 d: 31 AUG 1961 | m Eugene Barton MEDARIS |
| William A. KELLEY b: FEB 1884 | m Sophia SCHMIDT |
| John B KELLEY b: 23 MAR 1885 d: 31 JUL 1974 | m Bessie Elizabeth/Evergreen HERRON b: 1889 d: 1966 |
| Walter C KELLEY b: 22 MAR 1887 d: 4 MAY 1950 | m Valley SEELIGER |
| Edward KELLEY b: 23 OCT 1890 | m Ida YEAGER |
A Kelley family picture includes Emma and "Uncle Wiley Carpenter".