STAPLETON & BOWLING GENETIC CONNECTION

02 September 2009

Arthur B. Staples, Jr., GA, Staples Surname & DNA Project (SSDP)

http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~staplessurname

Y-DNA MATCHES: Tested participants Haplogroup and Haplotype or genetic signature is defined by the DNA testing company.
Y-DNA matches can be easily analyzed by creating a Haplogroup Founder Modal, based on the Haplogroup of the tested participants, which will identify Genetic Family Tree and Family Branch Mutations that are changes from the Haplogroup Founder Modal in tested participants Haplotypes. This process is extremely valuable when analyzing small group's of participants.   

To discover if there is a Genetic Family Tree match it is important that the Genetic Family Tree Mutations match. However, based on past SSDP studies, it is possible that one out of several may have a one-step mutation but no two-step mutations.

Y-DNA results showing a match within a Genetic Family Tree are Biological and therefore cannot tell us who the common ancestor is that the tested participants match. Only pedigrees with family relationships proven at each generation by primary & secondary genealogical recorded information can tell us who, when and where the match took place.

Matches with other surnames may indicate a Genetic Family Tree relationship prior to the surname era of recording births and marriages for common people in England (1538) and thus if one participant has a pedigree back far enough in time it will help identify the ancestral home.   

HAPLOGROUP FOUNDER MODAL TABLE MUTATION HIGHLIGHTS:
YELLOW = Genetic Family Tree Mutations from the founder modal that the vast majority of the family group have;

BLUE = Genetic Family Branch Mutations from the founder group that the vast majority of the family group does not share; 

RED = Rare Genetic Mutations of 10% or less frequency of a population sample.  Rare mutations limit the number of matches in a database as the smaller the population percentage the less people will share the marker value. However if the rare mutation is within a genetic family tree mutation it strengthens the genetic family tree uniqueness.

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TABLE NOTES:
[1] Mutation Frequency Rank & approximate Percentage from  'R1b-U106/S21+Research Group' Individual Allele Statistics (PDF Forma, Chart) R-U106 and R-M269 Allele Percentage Histograms By Clinton Platt, 06 May 2009.
[2]Y-DNA data from the SSDP and The Bolling Family Assoc., plus The Bolling Family Assoc., DNA Study - FTDNA, DNA Results, Family Group 3.

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GENETIC DISTANCE (GD):
We are primarily interested in the Y67-DNA results within a certain GD of participants that share our surname (or Variant). However, there are many documented reasons why some family surnames changed during the surname era. During this surname time frame our Genetic Family Tree has remained basically the same. When a match is found to our Y67 Haplotype within a satisfactory Genetic Distance and also matches our Haplogroup Founder Modal genetic Family Tree mutations, it proves a biological relationship regardless of surnames.

Currently, our studies using a Haplogroup Founder Modal with pedigreed participants to a common ancestor show that while it possible to have a GD of up to 8 Mutations between participants, there is only a maximum GD of 4 to the head of the Genetic Family Tree. The Genetic Family Tree mutations are shared by the vast majority of members, however an occasional one-step mutation may show up, but no two-step mutations. Almost all of the mutations between participants are Genetic Family Branch mutations.

Rare mutations or mutations that have a Founder Modal Haplogroup sample frequency of 10% or less present in the Genetic Family Tree strengthen the groups' tree and the Genetic Family Branch mutations strengthen the participant's genetic branch because they limit the number of people who have the mutations.

Thus using a Haplogroup Founder Modal with mutation rankings and frequency percent to determine the Genetic Family Tree and its various Family Branch mutations, coupled with pedigrees to the most recent common ancestor results in a proven method of ancestral relationship        

PROVING A PEDIGREE:
Regardless of whether you are just beginning your genealogy research or a experienced family historian I recommend the following book.  GENEALOGICAL PROOF STANDARD, Building a Solid Case, by Christine Rose, CG, CGL, FASG (2005), “Dedicated to every genealogist with an ‘unsolved’ problem. That would include us all. I would think!” ISBN 0-929626-15-X.


SURNAMES & PEDIGREES:
SURNAMES: "The process by which surnames became fixed was prolonged and complicated. The fashion spread in southern England and East Anglia during the second half of the 13th century and the first half of the 14th century, but took another century to become widespread in northern England and lowland Scotland. By the 15th century most English people had acquired fixed hereditary surnames. But Welsh names did not take an English form until the 16th Century."
RE: Taken from The Oxford Companion to Local and Family History, received from Lionel West, Exeter, Devon Co., England.

PEDIGREES: Recorded information of children and parents at each generation is required to prove an unbroken lineage within a pedigree. In England the practice of recording surnames for marriages and christenings' for common people was started by the Church of England during the 16th century (1538) and spread very slowly.

Note: Since we need a proven pedigree at each generation to identify our ancestral lineage, most of us who descend from the common people of England will be extremely fortunate if we can prove our ancestral lineage back into to the 1500's.  
   
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STUDY:
FTDNA Y67-DNA is the only biological information provider for discovering and proving our Family History, however, it cannot tell us who our common ancestors are. Only genealogy records can tell us who, when and where our ancestors came from. This study takes into account both of these family history information providers.

Y-DNA DATA:
The method of using the matching participants Haplogroup to generate a Founder Modal that is used to determine genetic family tree and branch mutations, as shown in this study, is an important analytical tool that leads to an accurate picture of genetic distance and thus - biological relationships.  

This study shows a very close genetic relationship between FTDNA #'s 569 & 1495 with only two one-step family Branch mutations in 67 Markers, giving a Y67 genetic distance of 2 from the Staples participant who . In addition there are many matches at Y-12 & Y37 with the Bolling Family Group # 3.

Participant # 90275 is probably not a connection during the surname era back to 1538 because of the two-step mutation at the genetic Family Tree mutation of marker # 13 plus the one-step mutation at the Genetic Family Tree Marker # 18. The possibility remains because of his Family Branch mutation at marker #32 of a value of 17, the same as his matching 'Bolling & Boling participants and his total Y67 genetic distance is 4 to the head of the group. More Y67 tests would need to be done with members of the same pedigree as participant # 90275 to determine his relationship.

Genetic Family Tree mutations strengthen the proof of a genetic relationship between participant's 569 & 1495 with two mutations at about 2% (Markers 9 & 7) of the 3,000 plus R-M269 Haplotype population study by Clinton Platt, 06 May 2009. Marker #32, with a 'Bowling' value of 17 shows a strong genetic family tree marker and the main genetic difference between the Stapleton and Bowling Y67 test results.

Only Bolling participants with Y67 DNA test results were used in this study, Bolling Family Group 3 has many 12-marker matches, one other Y37 match as well as Y67 Participant #569 ancestor listed as Jessie Bowling; Participant #1495 ancestor listed as James Boling, d 1841, Mercer Co., KY; Participant #90275 ancestor listed as Wiley Green Bowling, b. c.1862.

GENEALOGICAL RECORDS:
STAPLETON: Participant 3010 descends from Ballard Hasque Stapleton, family tradition  tells the possibility that Ballard was given the surname of his mother Rebecca Stapleton (c1854-1910) of VA, died Hancock, TN. Rebecca Stapletons' Children are -

1. Nellie Caroline (may aka Amanda N.) Stapleton, b. 15 Jan 1878, VA, d. 6 Nov 1948, Ogallala, NE, m. 13 Jun 1913, Denver, CO, William Elmer Paxton, b. 23 July 1861, Mazon, IL, d 11 Mar 1937, Denver, CO
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2. Ballard Hasque Stapleton, (1879-1945), born Scott County, VA., m. 16 Oct 1907, Junction City, Whitney Co., Kentucky, Hazel Morgan, b. 4 Dec. 1891, Cincinnati, OH, d. 16 May 1980 in Albuquerque, NM.
3. Minerva Belle Stapleton, b 11 July 1889 VA, d. 1 Feb 1973, Weatherford, OK, m. John Sams d. bef 19736

1880 census for Powell Scott Co., VA, Family History Library Film 1255375, NA Film Number T9-1375 & 1389 lists -
Rebecca A Stapleton; self, S, Female, W, 26, b VA, Keeping House, Father & Mothers birthplace VA.
Amanda N Stapleton Dau, S, Female, W 5, b VA, Father & Mothers b VA.
Ballard H. Stapleton Son, S, Male, W, 2, b VA, Father & Mothers b VA.

Dicy Stapleton, Female, W, 59, b VA, Keeping House, Father & Mother b VA.
Campbell Stapleton, Son, S, Male, W, 24, b VA, Farmer, Father & Mother b VA.
Lydia M Stapleton, Dau, S, Female, W, 17, b VA, at home, Father & Mother b VA.
James E. Stapleton, Son, S, Male, 13, b VA, Wk on Farm, Father & Mother b VA.

Abraham Stapleton, Male, W, 25, b VA, Farmer, Father & Mother b VA.
Martha Stapleton, Wife, Female, W, 25, b VA, Father & Mother b VA.
George W. Stapleton, Son, W, Male, 5, b VA, Father & Mother b VA.
William H. Stapleton, Son, W, Male 2, b VA, Father & Mother b VA.

Based on the numbering system in the Census, Rebecca and Dicy are living next to each other. 

BOLLING: The Bolling Family Assoc., Family Group 3, lists the common ancestor as Benjamin Bolling, b 1734, & VA, d. 1832, Flat Gap, Wise Co., VA, buried Bolling Cemetery, Flat Gap, Wise Co., VA. m1st, 1753, Patti Phelps (1737-1767) Albermale, VA, 8 ch; m2nd abt 1768, Charity Larimore, 3 ch.

Member of Family Group 3, Participant #569 lists Benjamin Bolling (1734-1832) as his ancestor.
Member of Family Group 3, Participant # 1495 lists James Boling (1788-1841) as his ancestor.
Member of Family Group 3, Participant # 90275 lists Whily Green Bowling (c1862-1933 AL) w/ Julia Ann Gallops.

CONCLUSIONS:
The Staples and 'Bolling' Y67 tested participants share a genetic relationship, however we do not know who the common ancestor is. Rebecca could be using her maiden name or a married name.

RETURN TO RESULTS

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