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Document Number: 5
Institution: SLGS
Call Number: British Reference Book Area, 941 E5g, Six Volume Set
Classification: ORIGINAL: Gazetteer
Location: Scotland, All Scottish Counties, All Scottish Cities
Date Range: BTWN 1841 and 1881
Description of Carluke, Lanarkshire, Scotland
Document Entry Number: 1
Transcription:
CARLUKE: a town and a parish of central Lanarkshire. The town stands on the right bank of Jock's Burn, 1/2 mile E of the Caledonian railway, 2 1/4 miles E of the Clyde, 5 1/2 NNW of Lanark, and 19 1/2 SE of Glasgow. Its site is a swell of tabular land, rising somewhat steeply from the picturesque ravine of Jock's Burn; has an elevation of between 600 and 700 feet above sea level; and command an extensive and brilliant view over nearly all the central portion of the basin of the Clyde.
Dating from early times, the town was constituted a burgh of barony, under the name of Kirkstyle, in 1662, but declined so greatly that about the middle of last century it comprised only the parish church, the manse, and four cottages. It afterwards rose to a considerable villiage, inhabited chiefly by cotton-weavers; and, making a strong start in prosperity about the beginning of the present century, it rapidly assumed the appearance of a thriving town, acquired a new character ans much importance from the commencement and progress of extensive mining operations in its neighborhood, and is now a neat, well-built place, with numerous streets of substantial and comfortable houses.
It is a centre of traffic for a considerable extent of surrounding country; is well supplied with shops in all the ordinary departments of retail trade; and has a post office, with money order, savings' bank, insurance, and telegraph departments, a railway station, branches of the National and British Linen Company's banks, 14 insurance agencies, 5 hotels and inns, a gas-light company, agricultural and horticultural societies, a useful knowledge society, with library and and museum and several religious and charitable institutions. Cattle markets fall on the second Thursday of March, 21 May, and 31 Oct; and a cattle show is held on the last Wednesday of July.
Places of worship are the parish church (1799: 100 sittings), a neat edifice with a square tower; a Free church; a U.P. church (1833: 770 sittings); a handsome new United Original Secession church (1880); a new Evangelical Union Church (1881); and a St. Athanasius Roman Catholic church (1867: 600 sittings). Three schools - Market Place, Girls', and Roman Catholic - with respective accomodation for 600, 148, and 132 children, had (1880) an average attendance of 488, 84, and 138, and grants of 443, 4s. 9d., 72, 16s., and 89, 10s. Pop (1841) 2090, (1861) 3111, (1871) 3423, (1881) 3792.
The parish contains also the villiages of Braidwood, Harestanes, with Thornice, Law, Kilcadzow, and Roadmeetings with Yieldshields. Anciently called Kirkforest, probably from its situation in Mauldslie Forest, it took the name of Carluke, seemingly about the beginning of the 14th century, from the dedication of its churck to St. Luke. It is bounded NW and N by Cambusnethan, E by Carstairs, S by Lanark, and SW by Lesmahagow and Dalserf. Its greatest length from E to W is 6 3/5 miles; its greatest breadth from N to S is 4 3/4 miles; and its area is 15,410 acres, of which 65 are water.
The Clyde flows 4 3/4 miles along the Lesmahagow and Dalerf boundary, and four or five burns run west- south-westward through deep romantic ravines, locally called 'Gills.' The western tract along the Clyde is luxuriant haugh, sinking to less than 200 feet above sea level; but thence the surface rises rapidly, in banks or acclivities, to 696 feet near Braidwood, 589 near Wellrigs, 675 near Strathavon, 549 near Greenknowne, 1049 near Kilcadzow, 847 near Bogside, and 1025 on King's Law, this being a summit point of the wild bleak moor, which, ascending gradually from the central plateau, extends to the eastern border.
The rocks over the great part of the area, belong to the Carboniferous formation, and are rich in coal, limestone, and ironstone. Alluvial deposits and Devonian rocks are in the W; mosses, 12 feet deep, are in the NE; and trap rock forms a ridge, about 1 mile long, from Hillhead eastward to Bashaw. Clay, suitable for bricks and pottery, abounds; coal, limestone, ironstone, and sandstone are extensively worked; and agate, calcareous spar, heavy spar, iron pyrites, galena, and bitumen are found. Mineral springs, both ferruginous are numerous; and ordinary springs are so general and copious as, in some parts, to be almost a nuisance.
The soils are exceedingly diversified, according to position, to the substrata, and to both the natural and the artificial processes which have affected them; and those of prime or good loamy quality occur chiefly on the low grounds in the W. About 600 acres are under wood, about 110 are disposed in orchards, and about 400 are entirely waste.
Chief antiquities are Hallbar or Braidwood Tower, Haugh Hill Mound, and traces of a Roman road, leading north-westward from Kilcadzow to Waterloo. The eminent engineer and antiquary, Major-Gen. Wm. Roy (1726-90), author of "Military Antiquities of the Romans in Britian," was born in Miltonhead, his father being factor and gardener to the Hamiltons of Hallcraig; another native was the self-taught sculptor, Rt. Forrest (1790-1852).
The principle mansions are Mauldslie Castle, Milton Lockhart, Hallcraig, Kirton, Waygateshaw, Braidwood, and Orchard House; and 14 proprietors hold each an annual value of 500 and upwards, 20 of between 100 and 500, 38 of from 50 to 100, and 62 of from 20 to 50.
Carluke is in the presbytery of Lanark and synod of Glasgow and Ayr; the living is worth 507. Established mission stations are at Castlehill, Law, and Hallcraig; and, besides, those in town, there are, public schools at Braidwood, Kilcadzow, Law and Yieldshields, which, with respective accommodations for 168, 92, 250, and 72 children, had (1880) an average attendance of 103, 46, 239, and 87, and grants of 87. 40, 13s., 201, 12s., and 63, 0s. 6d. Valuation (1881) 48,910. Pop. (1801) 1756, (1831) 3288, (1861) 6176, (1871) 7066, (1881) 8552.
Associated Persons and Marriages:
PRYOR, John (Id# 401) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, Daniel (Id# 409) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, Elizabeth (Id# 404) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, Helen (Id# 405) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, Jane (Id# 51) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, John (Id# 407) Location, MEDIUM
PRYOR, Mary (Id# 406) Location, MEDIUM
WATSON, Jane (Id# 400) Location, MEDIUM
Description of Avonbridge, Stirlingshire, Scotland
Document Entry Number: 2
Transcription:
AVONBRIDGE: A villiage on the right bank of the Avon, in the NE angle of Slamannan parish, Se Stirlingshire, with a station on the North British, 3/4 mile W of Blackstone Junction and 11 1/4 ENE of Falkirk. It has a post office, a U.P Church (1803; 308 sittings), an Evengelical Union Chapel, and a public school for Slamannan and Muiravonside conjointly, which, with accomodation for 150 children, had (1879) an average attendance of 99, and a grant of 90(pounds), 8s. 8d.
Associated Persons and Marriages:
Description of Blackbraes, Stirlingshire, Scotland
Document Entry Number: 3
Transcription:
BLACKBRAES: A villiage in the W of Muiravonside parish, Stirlingshire, 3 1/4 miles SSW of Falkirk. At it are a pubic school and a chapel of ease, which, built at a cost of 860 pounds, serves also Shieldhill in Polmont parish.
Associated Persons and Marriages:
Description of Redding, Stirlingshire, Scotland
Document Entry Number: 4
Transcription:
REDDING: A collier villiage, with a post ofice, in Polmont parish, Stirlingshire, 1 1/8 mile W by N of Polmont junction and 2 1/2 miles ESE of Falkirk. An extensive tract called Redding Moor, to the SouthWest, remained till permission of its proprieter, the Duke of Hamilton, to be enclosed and cultivated by the colliers at their spare hours. Population in 1861 - 642, 1871 - 599, 1881 - 520.
Associated Persons and Marriages:
Description of Wallacestone and Standrig, Stirlingshire, Scotland
Document Entry Number: 5
Transcription:
WALLACESTONE and STANDRIG - A conjoint villiage in Polmont and Muiravonside parishes, Stirlingshire, 1 1/2 mile SW of Polmont Junction. It has a Wesleyan chapel. Population 1871 - 492 people, 1881 - 334 people.
Associated Persons and Marriages:
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