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Last update: January 27, 2010
The LOEB (a.k.a. LÖEW/LÖEWE/LÖW/LIEB/LIV/LIVA/LIWA/LIWAI). The name Liwa, or Loewe in German (lion), has been changed to Loeb during the generations and the family is
believed to be from the Babylonian Exilarchs during the era of the geonim and King
DAVID (abt. 1048 - 973 BC) see Davidic dynasty and later Rabbi Shlomo YITZHAKI "aka RASHI" (2/22/1040 Troyes, France - 7/13/1105 Troyes.) and his ancestor Yokhanan the Sandlar ( - 140 C.E.) OR Yoseph
I of Rome GAON and 15 gen's later Rabbi YAAKOV on Daniel Loeb site. The Loeb's came from Worms, Germany and Prussian province Posen/Poznan, Poland. *see also Frumkin chart .pdf or Davidic Dynasty or guestbook on Noda B'Yehuda site re; MaHaral or Brest-Litovsk officiating rabbis; Katz, Liwa, Loeb, Löb, Luria, Wahl, Wolf, etc. - the largest and the most important of the 1st 5 Jewish settlements in Lithuania, dating from the 2nd 1/2 of the 14th century, and continued in that leading position till the rise of Wilna in the 17th century
Note: 2006 MaHaral's ancestry under review see: www.davidicdynasty.org, Descendants, Experts say: Saving the MaHaral of Prague .pdf the researcher states "..Rabbi Meir Perels' of Prague error in the date of death of Yehudah Leib the Elder (below) does not necessarily eliminate the possibility that the MaHaral descended from King David, in some way other than through the so-called Yehudah Leib the Elder. Many indicators point to a tradition of descent from Rabbi Yehudah Hanassi, of the House of Hillel, who descended from King David’s son Shefatiah, and not through Hai Gaon who was descended from King Solomon. Unfortunately the names of the MaHaral’s ancestors between his grandfather Chaim of Worms and Rabbi Yehudah Hanassi are not recorded in any known source .."
? R' Bezalel (Hazaken) ben Yehuda
? R' Yehudah LIEB Hazaken Died: 1440 in Worms or 1439 Prague. *New research on the grave in Prague states the year to be 1539 and not 1439, as previously documented by Rabbi Meir Perels. Yehudah was known as: "Liva The Elder of Prague" and was the head of a Yeshiva in Worms. According to some manuscripts, Yehuda Lev Hazaken is the son of Isaac son of Bezalel Hazaken and the death year on Yehudah Lieb/Liva in Prague is actually 1539
Note see wikipedia: "..Samuel adopted the name of his mother-in-law and served as rabbi in the following prominent communities: Chelm, Lublin and Ostrog. Eidels was also active in the Council of Four Lands.." OR MaHaRSHA on Loeb site
Note: ancestors of the famous Hakohen Lasker families in Poland and Germany, Eduard Lasker (1829-1884) the German liberal politician, Emanuel Lasker (1868-1941) the world chess champion and many others
Note: JE: "German Talmudist; died at Friedberg on the Shabu'ot festival, 1588. He was the eldest of the four sons of Bezaleel ben Ḥayyim, and spent his youth at Posen, the native city of the family.. He began his literary activity at Worms, where he had gone in 1549; and, apparently, he succeeded his uncle Jacob ben Ḥayyim as rabbi in that city, after Jacob's death in 1563.. He subsequently went as rabbi to Friedberg.." OR Rabbi Chaim Loeb"One of four brothers about whom the great commentator and posek R' Shlomo Luria "Maharshal" wrote: "I have heard about the wise brothers, the lofty, wise and pious one R' Chaim; the lion of Torah R' Laib; and the 2 shining stars R' Sinai and R' Shimshon.. "R' Chaim was a leading sage of his generation, though his legacy is overshadowed by that of his younger brother R' Laib, better known as the MaHaral of Prague. When he is quoted, it is usually by the name "R' Chaim, the brother of MaHaral".. As a young man R' Chaim traveled to study under R' Shalom Shakna of Lublin, one of the leading sages of Poland and the leader of the pilpul school of Torah studies. However, like his fellow student (cousin of Maharshal) R' Moshe Isserles "Rema" (both on 2nd Spira page), R' Chaim apparently rejected the pilpul method. R' Chaim's next teacher was Maharshal, and it was his method of studying halachah that R' Chaim adopted as his own.. R' Chaim was reluctant to leave any written works. He encouraged his students to memorize material and study by heart, thus developing their memories and their analytical abilities. That R' Chaim wrote any books is a testimony to the persistent demands of his students, and even so, he postponed his writing until an epidemic forced him to be quarantined and separated from anyone with whom he could "talk in learning." (This happened in 1569 and again in 1579.)" another article
Note: Samson ben Pesah Ostropoli was a Polish rabbi and a noted kabbalist who martyred at Polonnoye, government of Podolia, in the Cossacks' Uprising. When the Cossacks laid siege to Polonnoye, Samson, with 300 of his followers, arrayed in their shrouds and praying-shawls, went to the synagogue, and stood there praying until the enemy came and butchered them all
Note: any relation to Rabbi Avigdor ben Jicchak (Isaac) Kara, rabbi of Prague, noted poet and kabbalist, and one of the most important names, that Jan Hus was influenced by, in the development of his doctrines. Prague has the oldest Jewish cemetery in Europe, opened from the 15th Century to the late 18th Century. In 1439, Avigdor Kara (the court poet of Wenceslaus, who lived through the pogrom of 1389 to later eulogize about it) was the first person to be buried there. Over the next 400 years, about 200,000 residents of the ghetto in Prague were buried in its confines. Since the cemetery could only hold about 10 percent of that amount, the tombs are situated at 12 different layers. Two of the cemetery’s most famous tombs are Rabbi Jehuda Loew/Loeb (1609) and Mordechai Maisel (1601). Since 1990, the Jewish Museum of Prague has been conserving and restoring the cemetery. Today, about 12,000 tombstones remain AND this article: “The son of Judah's sister was the gaon (religious authority), Avigdor Karo ABD (av bet din, i.e., chief judge), Prague, uncle of Joseph Karo, author of Beit Yosef (Joseph's House) (of which Shulchan Aruch was an abbreviated version), and father of the gaon Judah Karo ABD Glogau, father of the gaon Joseph Karo who was ABD in 20 communities..”
Sinai had a "yeshivah" in Prague, later becoming a "Chief Rabbi" of Mikulov/Nikolsburg and all of Moravia, CZ. Teacher of Rabbi David Ganz, he was noted for his knowledge of history and teaching. Like his brothers Hayim and Samson, he was a distinguished scholar, however their works are hard to find. Sinai was noted for his knowledge of history and teaching: .."Intrigued by the MaHaral's magical powers, Emperor Rudolf-II requested several meetings with the MaHaral to learn his secrets. On February 16, 1594, his colleague astronomer Tycho Brahe arranged the meeting, on which he was accompanied by his brother Sinai and his son-in-law Isaac Ha-Kohen".. *Senator John Forbes (see Kerry family) "may" also be a descendant of Sinai Loeb
Note: Gilbert Hendlisz skips this generation and gives Rabbi Yehuda Lieb as the son of Rabbi Chaim of Konin. Yehuda Leib, known as Leib Hendels, was the son-in-law of a Rav Moshe Israel Hendlish of Cracow. This person had married the daughter of Israel Hendlish of Cracow. Israel Hendlish (1560-1629) had a son, Avram Yehuda Hendlish, known as Rabbi Avram Israel Hendlish. He was a leader of the jewish community of Cracow for more than 50 years and also member of the Council of the Four Lands. Daughter of Avram Israel Hendlish married Rabbi Chaim Mendel Mann and this couple had a daughter who married Rabbi Rafael of Cracow ("preacher, holy teacher and sofer") . Rafael was the son of Moshe Livah, a well known Rabbi of Slonim, Vilna and Brisk, otherwise known by his work "Chelkas Mechokek". Moshe Livah was the son of a Rabbi Isaac Yehuda Livai, surname that is a corruption of Loeb/Loew. *The Eskeles Genealogy book omits Rabbi Yehuda Lieb and places his children directly here - see ESKELES family page
Note: family tree DNA "Todres is a distinguished name throughout Jewish history, but until now we have not been able to trace the descent from the famous medieval and ancient Todres's to those alive today. Just one example is the fact that a Todros family of renowned rabbi's is mentioned in the Talmud. No one knows whether or not all Todres' are related in the remote past. Todres or Todros and many other variations on the spelling are all the same as the name was always Jewish and hence often no vowels" OR any relation to Todros names on Jewish Encyclopedia and ref. to poet or wordsmith Eliezer Todros ( - 1527) of Saloniki(a), Greece OR Benedict/Baruch Todros (living 1580) in Turin and Jaquia Todros (Pô) banking family in Turin and Piémont 1700 OR Rabbi Todros of Kovno /Kaunas, Lithuania mentioned 10/20/1559 OR seforim "..Rabbi Man. Todros Spira sometimes only called Man Todros, was rabbi in Friedberg until ca. 1582.." and jstor Todros Joseph was chief rabbi of Friedberg 1575-1582
Note: google book
"Grabsteininschriften des Prager Isr. Alten Friedhofs" Moses Chajim S. Lasar Todros ( - 1709), Abraham son of Israel Todros OR Judaica Bohemiae (JB): "the Todres faction dating from Sep. 7, 1696 bore the name of its founder Moses Hayyim ben Elazar Todres Mezia ( - 1709), son Hirsch and Gabriel (see Elkesch / Eskeles family) were relatives. The successful and wealthy businessman "morenu we-ha-rav-rabenu (mwhr)" R. Hayyim Todres was also rabbi at the Klausen Synagogue and from 1693 onwards at the Pinkas Synagogue" both in Prague OR JB Moses Hayyim Todres who did not have any children after 1700, supported this custom by accepting the office of sandek or mohel at 'anonymous' circumci-sions.. OR Hayyim Moses Todres, Joachim Todres, Joachim Roßtheusch[er] Todros OR Nehemiah Todros "nassi", newly arrived from Spain, and a descendant of Todros Abulaffi Halevi and "struggles for the Prague and particularly for the Land Chief Rabbinate. 312) Ibidem (Memorandum by Israel Bondy in 5/22/1688; Memorandum by M. H. Todros).."
Note: Michael remained in Vienna and his memory was perpetuated by his gift of several valuable curtains to the Old-New School of Prague. Mechl Wiener & Perl ben Chayim?, his father David Chayim Wiener are listed in "Anaf Etz Avoth" (H) by Shmuel Sanvil Kahana, Krakow 1903, page 26 (XXVI) under item 211 (resh, yod, alef) as son son of gaon Chayim m'Worms - source dr. Yehuda Klausner
Note: *google book
- see also on Spira, Günzburg pages Grabsteininschriften des Prager Isr. Alten Friedhofs - by Solomon Judah Leib Rapoport; "Aron Schlackenwerth ( - 1694) sohn S. Sinai's welcher Letzterer ein schweigersohn Simon Spira's war, gemeinderepräsentant, ft. 1694. Mirl tochter des vorgennanten Aron Schlackenwerth, enkel des Dr's Simon Spira, gattin des Abraham S. Anschel Günzburg, ft. ende 1714. Simon S. des genannten Abraham Günzburg, einer der honoratioren der gemeinde, ft. 70 jahre alt ende 1778. Seines Vaters Bruder Moses Günzburg unternahm aus Frömmigkeit eine Reise nach Palästina. starb jedoch auf dem Wege in Sidon."
Note: same as? in H. Gold Třešť (Triesch, Moravia) history: 1/24/1757.. The undersigned therefore saw their children shortened, the police ignored, so the reputation of the community was damaged. They asked the couple to abolish. ..Falk Marcus, Löbl Marcus.. OR any relation to Abraham Markus (abt 1680-) in Všeruby 1722 census. Family living there for 100+ years. A wealthy family, Markus is a cloth, spices and tobacco merchant, as well as a butcher married to Kitel (abt 1684-) with sons Löbl 14, Chaim 12, daughters Klickel 10, Bayerle 8, Plümel 5, Kolde 2 OR Usov, Moravia: Israel Markus late 1600's, Abraham Markus in 1722, peddler Michl Markus in 1753 OR Jakub Markus in Boskovice, Moravia history OR Johannes Markus (ca. 1625-) OR Gerschtl Markus von 1678, auß Öesterreich OR Markus Wolff hat die alte öedung Wolff Markus 1671 angenommen on Judaica Bohemiae XXXIX/2003 OR Esther Israels Markus (± 1702 Hoogeveen - 1800 Hoogeveen, Drenthe, Nederland) OR the Markus family diaspora archives P-31 and the Jewish community in Rees (northwestern Germany) 1623-1937 OR Veit Markus aus Malá Skála (Kleinskal) Marktstände erwerben (im J. 1760 bzw. 1775) OR Andreas Markus (bef 1770 Zbyslavice
/Baislowitz near Ostrava - aft
1832 Kyjovice) + Rosalie Scheier (1769 Tìškovice
- aft 1832 Kyjovice) family on Švidrnoch genealogy site OR in 1793 Jewish census of Bohemia: Jakob Markus - living in Kundratitz, Kaurzimer Kreis, a cantor from Komitat Neugrader in Hungary. Jakob Markus - a long story about him, a tobacco concessioner living in Kaurzimer Kreis in Gut Loschan but deceased father coming from Betschwar/Becvary nr Kolin. Baruch Markus and Joseph Markus from Klein Barschow in Bidschover Kreis. Anna Markus from Libochowiz. Enoch Markus, an orphan living with his grandfather Hecht in Suchomast, Berouner Kreis. Jakob Markus, a leather dealer from Herrschaft Kumburg, Leitmeritzer Kreis. Samuel Markus, a teacher in Wrsetz, Leitmeritzer Kreis. Jol Markus from Vogstadt, Germany - living in Teinitzl, Rakonitzer Kreis
Note: any relation to "Soupis židovských rodin v Čechách z roku 1793" Abraham Gratz accountant in Náchod, Bohemia tobacco company & Judit (?) parents of 1st born son Nathan Gratz (single), Sara Gratz OR on kramerius herr kaufmann Jakob Gratz and in 22.6.1861 Moric Grätz
from Náchod OR H. Gold Bunzlau
/Mladá Boleslav hist. "..Diesem folgte R. Elieser Lipmann, sohn
des gelehrten R. Wolf Grätz (daß der Name Grätz eine Abkürzung von Königgrätz in Böhmen bedeutet,
habe ich im Jüd. Centralblatt 1888, p. 39—40, nach
gewiesen).. daß. Rabbi Lippmann
Beniamin Grätz bis zum J. 1694 in J. Rabbiner war.. ..der Rabbiner Gaon Elieser Lippmann, sohn un
seres Lehrers, des Rabbi Wolf Grätz, das Andenken
des Gerechten sei gesegnet, war Rabbiner und Vater des Gerichtshauses in den heil.. Nach R. Elieser Lippmann Grätz erhielt das Bunzlauer Rabbinat der nachmalige Prager Landrab biner Rabbi Mosche Jizchak Spiro..OR "..Prague ghetto yeshivot.. In 1688 this post was filled by Wolf Gräz.." OR in H. Gold Třešť (Triesch, Moravia) history; "1744.. who with two other Jews, Jacob Simon Grätz and Natan Salman Jew in Triest.." OR the Gratz family (see family tree) previously possibly named Gräetzer, Grätzer or Grätza of the city/town Gratz.. .. descendants from a long line of respected Rabbis: R' Zev Wolf, R' Jacob (Koppel) Bloch, R' Jonathan Bloch (1640 Cracow-1722 Langendorf, Upper Silesia) resided in Prague in his youth, moved to Langendorf in 1664, children: Frumatt and Solomon Gratz (Shelomo Zalman).
Solomon's children: Barnard Gratz (1738 Langendorf - 1801) emigrated to Philadelphia 1754 & Michael Gratz (1740-1811), Hyman, Jonathan, Leah (living in 1801), Judith(Gitel) + R' Zevi Hirsch Bloch (Henry). Michael's daughter Rebecca Gratz (Lancaster, PA-) was the 7th of 12 children. *see Bernhard Brilling 1939 newspaper article, Marcus Brann, Gratz College, Gratz names on JewishEncyclopedia - Gratz derives from Styria, Austria or Grätz in Posen, Poland or most likely Gratz in Austrian Silesia OR ..
Year 1611 to seyn, while Rudolph ruled, Rabbi Löwe upper rabbi and the bounteous Mardochai ben Samuel Meisel führer of the municipality.. However, Heinrich Graetz represented another thesis; Rudolf II is acquisitive and has been unscrupulous.. OR Johann Wolfgang Gratz (10.25.1788 Viernau
-) + Eva Barbara Schwäblein (1792 Viernau, Sachsen-) genealogy OR Johanna Gratz
(-) married 1758 + Bernhard Laimer (1730-) OR Anne Marie Graz/Gratz/ Gratzen (1779 Nienburg? - 1838 Rotenburg) OR Peter Alois Gratz
(1769 Mittelberg/Allgäu - 1849 Darmstadt) OR Magdalena Gratz (Matzenheim, France - 1784 Osthausen) + Matheus Brisach (1728 m. 1757 - 1776 Osthausen) OR Rabbi in Posen Tzvi Hirsh Graetz aka dr. Heinrich (Hirsch) Graetz
(1817 Xions/Ksiaz or Zerkowi, Posen/Poznań - 1891 Breslau) + Marie Monasch of Krotoschin. Tzvi is a son of a butcher Jakob Graetz (-1876) + Vogel Hirsch (of Wollstein) OR the Grätz family of Neibsheim (1661-) OR Johann Jakob Grätz war auch Müller in Bebelsheim und wird erstmals 1698 im KKB genannt
OR the Gratz individuals on Papers of Elizabeth Blair Lee (1818 - 1906) OR Jindřich Gratz (abt 1816-) of Voděrady
(Rychnov nad Kněžnou near Hradec Králové) + Kateřina Krystufová on Rod & Clan?
Grätz: "..Town in the province of Posen, Prussia, with a population of 3,784, of whom 319 are Jews (1903). The Jewish community there is one of the oldest in the province. Jews are mentioned in the city charter of April 9, 1594. In 1634 the tailors' gild of Grätz permitted two Jews of Posen to settle in the city and to open a tailor-shop.. ..During the "northern war" (1700-21) the community was almost entirely destroyed, and its rabbi, Judah Löb, who had been called in 1701, was obliged to flee to Frankfort-on-the-Oder.. ..Rabbis in 17th & 18th centuries: Simon b. Israel Ashkenazi (c. 1677); Benjamin Wolf b. Joseph Joske (c. 1689); Judah Löb b. Solomon, previously darshan at Prague, and subsequently rabbi at Schneidemühl (c. 1699); Phinehas Selig b. Moses (dayyan of the German community at Amsterdam in 1708); Sanvel Spira of Lemberg; Gershon b. Jehiel of Landsberg, who at Friedberg in 1742 called himself ex-rabbi of Grätz; Jacob b. Zebi Hirsch (1743); Marcus Baruch Auerbach.."
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