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The Golden Falcon |
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Chapter VI/3 - Fair |
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Alice’s
Will, dated 15.3.1447, was proved on 5.4.1447.
She was buried in the charnelhouse of Norwich Cathedral by the side
of her first husband Wodehouse. “In
1421 John Wodehouse, Esq., that great warrior, obtained licence of his
sovereign King Henry V, to found a chantry priest, to sing for the King,
Queen and his beloved Esquire John Wodehouse, and his wife, their
ancestors and posterity, inn the lower charnel chapel, where he was buried
in 1430; Alice his wife surviving him, who afterwards married to Edmund
Winter, Esq., and dying in 1447 was buried by his side”. Taverham
manor was held by Baldric de Taverham [arms
“argent, a saltire sable,
surmounted by a fess gules thereon 3 bezants”] who, by Agnes
his wife, had a daughter Alice who married Edmund Winter and had a daugher
Margery Winter who married John Braunche. There
is a brass in memory of Edmund Braunch and Anne Calthorpe in Swanton
Nowers in the windows the following arms: Braunche impaling Winter “cheque
or and sable, a fess argent”, Bozoun impaling Carvile, Bozoun
impaling L’Estrange “argent, on
a cross ingrailed, gules between 3 escallops, sable, 5 bezants”,
impaling Winter and “gules, a cross moline, argent” borne by Lord Willoughby. Brampton
also has the arms of Brome impaling Charles, Shelton, Mautby, Calthorp,
Winter and Appleton (amongst others). These
could have some relation to the arms as in Brome, Norfolk, being 2 shields
- Brome and Brome impaling Winter and portions of 2 scrolls, being the
remains of the brass of Robert Brome of 1455 and his wife Olive Winter and
children, all in shrouds and kneeling, with a device and inscription, with
a slab upright in splay of the nave window. (“A
list of Monumental Brasses in the British Isles”
- Mill Stephenson). The
following arms also appear in Shelton church:
Wychingham, Howe, Scutumbre, Heydon and Boleyn. Calthorp quartering
Burgullion. Dovedale, fitzWalter and Shelton. Stapleton and Hingham.,
Clere and Dovedale. Clere and
Haukforth, Howard, Bedingfield and Shelton.
Boleyn, Butler and Ormond. Boleyn,
Howe and Witchingham. Vere,
Howard and Plais. Shelton and
Plais, Shelton quartering Clere and Dovedale, Yelverton and Brewse.
Braunch and Bardolf. Lowdham
and Shelton, Brewse and Shardelowe. Mundeford
and Barrett, Knevet and Shelton. In
a MSS (in Blomefield’s possession) formerly kept in Shelton Hall, had
the arms of the the families the Sheltons married intoi.
The grand coat of arms had 47 impalements amongst which were: 1.
Shelton & FitzHammond. 2. Shelton & Gedding. 3. Cretying. 4. Vaux.
5. Herling. 6. Martin. 7. Illegh. 8. Plais. 9. Bures. 10. Tendring. 11.
WINTER. 12. Mellers. 13. Ufford. 14. Thorington. 15. Burgullion. 16.
Cockfield. 17. Lowdham 18. Dovedale etc. Edmund
was succeeded by his son John Winter II who presented to the church in
1457, 1459 etc. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Echingham of
Echingham, Sussex by whom he had 3 sons - John III his heir, Walter and
Richard. The
manor of Fretenenham and lands in Horstede, Crostwich and Below etc were
conveyed to him during the reign of Edward IV (1461-1483). John
Winter III (d. 1494) married Alice, daughter of Turtvile, lord of
Turtevile’s manor in Stivekey (Stiffkey), Norfolk.
John III presented to Stiffkey church in 1491 and Barningahm church
from 1490 onwards. His 2nd
wife was the daughter of Brampton of Bramnpton, Norfolk and his 3rd
wife, the daughter of Huntingfeld. Alice
Turteville or Turvyle, daughter of the lord of Turteville's manor in
Stevekey (Stiffkey), Norfolk have had some connection with the family who
held Weston Turville in Buckinghamshire which eventually passed to the
Winters of Huddington. From
1211 to 1217 William de Gatesden and his wife Agatha held "Listone"
(Lifton), Devon for sergeanty of the Honour of Reginald de "Valle Torta" (Turteville or Turville) "per
unam libram incensi ad capellum Regis" (for a pound of incense
for the royal chapel). Stivekey
of Stiffkey:
Heveningham's moiety came to the Irminglands and Ralph de Irmingland
presented to the church of St. John the Baptist as lord in 1327, Ralph and
Maud his wife were living in the 5th and 12 Edward II (1319).
Robert, son of William Turtevile, and Alice his wife, held a moiety
in 13 Edw III (1340) and Robert presented to the church, in 20 Edw. III
(1347). Robert Turtevile and
Agnes de Irmingland, widow (and second wife of Ralph) held one fee of the
Honor of Clare which William de Heveningham formerly held.
In the 3 Henry IV (1402), Thomas Turtvile and William Irmingland
were lords. After this the
Irmingland's moiety came to 3 sisters and coheiresses, Cecilia, wife of
Thomas Weston, Anne, wife of Thomas Daubeney and Margaret, wife of Jeremy
Wodehouse, 4th son of Sir John Wodehouse of Kimberley - she
married secondly John Usher. These
daughters of Richard Irmingland conveyed their right to John
Winter and John Winter
presented as lord to the church of St. John in 1491.
The other moiety called Turtvile's was held by William Turtvile in
1383 and by Sir WiIliam Yelverton in 1458.
It came soon after to John
Winter who married Alice Turteville.
In 1497 Sir Henry Heydon presented to the church in right of
Turtevile's manor as guardian to Henry,
son and heir of John Winter. Both
moieties being united, the Lady
Margaret Winter presented in 1504 and Henry
Winter in 1518. In 28
Henry VIII (1537) John Winter and Dorothy his wife conveyed it to Sir William Fermour
of East Barsham. Robert
Knolles had free warren in the manor of Taterford (2 Richard II) and
settled it on his college or hospital of Pontefract, Yorkshire.
On the Dissolution of this hospital it was granted (May 17th
3 Edward VI) to Sir William Fermor who mortagged it to John Winter. By
his first wife John Winter had a son and heir Henry whose guardian was Sir
Henry Heydon who presented to Stiffkey church in 1497.
In 1527 and 1540 Henry presented to the church of Stiffkey.
He married Dorothy, daughter of Clement Herward of Alburgh by whom
he had a son and heir John IV who was lord in 1541. Henry
is mentioned in a list of knights’ fees belonging to the barony of the
See of Norwich: “In Barningham, 1 fee late Henry Winter Esq.” Little
Poringland was held by John Winter of the gift of John Gosselyn. John
IV married Catherine, d. of Philip Bedingfeld of Ditchingham, Norfolk.
According to Blomefield, she was the widow of Edmund Beaupre of
Upwell and Outwell and presented to the church of Southacre in 1578. John
IV and Catherine had a son and heir Philip Winter.
John IV’s Will dated 28.9.1558 was proved on 1.3.1559.
He was buried in Barningham church..
His inquisition found him to have died seised of the manor of
Barningham and its advowson by the 3rd part of a fee, 3
messuages, 142 acres in the town and Northwood Barningham [Reg.
Veysey, Norwich]. Blomefield
then contradicts himself by saying that John had by Mary, daugher of Ralph
Symonds of Cley, a son and heir Philip who was aged 26 when his father
died on 22.11.1558 (1st Elizabeth I).
She must have been Philip’s wife. Philip
presented to the church of Barningham in 1561 and 1572. The
manor of Plumstead Parva was conveyed in 1664 by ___ Winter to Roger
Smith, an attorneyof Norwich. Anne,
daughter of Philip Winter married Thomas Plumstead, of Plumstead Manor. His
son William married Frances daughter of William Rokewood of Weston.
On this marriage Philip settled (19 Elizabeth I) on him £30 per
annum out of the manor. Soon
after this, the lordship was in the Pastons and possessed by Sir Edward
Paston I, son and heir of Sir Thomas Paston by Agnes daughter and heiress
of Sir John Leigh of Addington, Surrey.
Sir Thomas was the 5th son of Sir William Paston of
Paston, Norfolk by Bridget, daughter of Sir Henry Heydon.
Edward I married (1) Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Lambert,
sheriff of London and (2) Margaret, daughter of Henry Berney of Reedham.
Sir Edward I lived to the age of 80 years and died in 1630.
His son Thomas died before his father but had a son Clement who had
a son Edward II (d. 1713) by his 3rd wife. Clement by his 2nd wife had a son Edward Paston
III whose son Thomas Paston sold the estate in 1756 to William Russell, a
whalebone merchant of King Street, London from whom it passed to Thomas
Lane who sold it in 1775 to Thomas Vertue Mott, ancestor of John Stanley
Mott. The
Hall of Barningham Winter built by the Winters, was pulled down by Sir
Edmund Paston, knight and a new building erected by William Paston in
1612. In 1897 the house was
enlarged and the south front altered but the entrance front remained
intact, the double dormer being the noticeable feature. There
are references to the Winters of Barningham and elsewhere in the "Paston
Letters": About
the year 1451 Edward Wynter called an "ambidexter"
(a juror who receives money from both parties in a lawsuit) is mentioned
in a letter. In
a letter from Margaret Paston (daughter and heiress of John Mautby) to her
husband John Paston (1420-1466) about Easter 1463 on the back of which is
an account written by Richard Calle, bailiff to the Pastons: -
"Forene' Recept': de
Edmundo Wynter, mason, de Bermynghem circa conversionem Sancti Pauli vjs.
viijd.' John
Paston (1420-1466), ancestor of the earls of Yarmouth (created 1679) was
friend, kinsman and executor of Sir John Fastolf.
Fastolf left legacies to Paston and his brother William Paston
whose daughter and co-heiress Anne Paston married Gilbert Talbot (d.
22.10.1542), son of Sir Gilbert Talbot by Elizabeth Greystock and grandson
of John Talbot, 2nd earl of Shrewsbury.
Anne Paston's widower Gilbert Talbot married secondly Elizabeth,
widow of William Winter of Cassy's Farm, Elmbridge, Worcs. A
letter from John Paston to his wife Margaret dated about 1465 mentions
John Wynter of Mautby and an inventory of about 1474 lists: "Water
Wynter - a shert xijd, a dager xijd a purs with xd".
(Walter
Winter: shirt worth 12d, dagger worth 12d and purse with 10d). There
are brasses in memory of the Winters in the church of Mary the Virgin,
Barningham Winter, one is now on a wall of a man in armour circa 1410
height 3 ft 8 inches and two shields "checky
a fesse" (Winter of
Barningham) impaling "a
cinquefoil" (Braylesford),
the other, also Winter impaling "a
lion rampant guardant" (Hetherset).
The inscription is now gone but it read
"John Winter Esq., son
and heir of William Winter was representative for the county of Norfolk in
Parliament 1409. He presented
to this church in 1412 and held the manor by 3 parts of a fee of the Earl
of Norfolk. He married first
the daughter of Braylesford of Braylesford, County Derby and secondly,
Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of William de Hethersett, and Eva his
wife." John
Winter was knight of the shire in 1407 and 1414.
There are two shields with the symbol of St. Luke (an ox's head). In
the south window of the church were the arms "argent,
a fesse ermine cotised sable" impaling "or, a cinquefoil sable". The first appears to be a differencing (being reversed
tinctures with a cotise for cadency) of the arms "sable,
a fesse ermine" granted to
William Winter, allegedly knighted after the seige of Calais and made
Edward III's Comptroller. However
there is no record of William being Edward II’s Comptroller of the Army.
Perhaps he was an official at Calais. There
was a William of Lambeth mentioned in theCalais Rolls but his arms are do
not resemble the Winters’ but are similar to the those of the family of
Wither or Winter, one of whom ,Walter held Lydney & Caldwell, Glos). John
Winter of Wych did purchase land in Lambeth but this was at the end of the
100 Years War. William
Winter (who married Elizabeth Appleby) does not appear on the Calais Roll
but this may only mention those who already bore arms during and before
the war. There
were actually 2 sieges of Calais - one on 4.8.1346 when the English
captured the city from the French and the other on 31-12.1349-1.1.1350
when Geoffrey de Chargny, the French captain of St. Omer, tried to
recapture it from the English but was beaten back. There
appears to be some connection between the Gloucestershire and Norfolk
families as reverse tinctures were used by brothers and cadency by a son
so whoever bore these arms may have been a nephew of this William Winter. This
Sir William Winter (1346) may have been the same man who held the Hall of
Newent mentioned in the inquisition postmortem No. 69 taken at Newent in
1379 (he died in 1371) which says that William Winter of the Hall of
Newent and his brother John received the issues and profits of the said
land from the death of the said William but that Robert was William's son
and next heir and an inquisition of the proof of his age was taken in
Newent in 1383. William Winter held Newent by military service and it was in
the king's hands "by reason
of the war with France" being held of the alien Priory of St.
Cormeilles suspected of spying for the French. There
is a gravestone in the chancel of Barningham church with the inscription: "Sepultus
in gratia et misericordia Die Johnes Wynter D'n's (dominus) Berningham qui
obiit ultimo die Decemb. A(nno) D'n'i (Domini) M ---" and his
portrait in armour together with the coat of arms of Winter impaling
Berningham ("gules, a manche
ermine"). There
is no indication of how John Winter inherited the arms of Berningham
unless he assume them as lord of the manor of Berningham or Barningham. The
arms of Lucy of Warwickshire in Barningham Hall “gules,
iii lucies between iii plattes argent”appear to be a variation of
the arms of Lucy of Charlecote "gules,
3 lucies hauriant argent" [Calais
Roll]
being a differencing of the arms of Geoffrey de Lucy of Egremont which
were “gules crusilly, 3 lucies
haurient, or” [Heralds'
Roll of Arms 1280]. Another
gravestone has an inscription "Orate
p.a. i.b. Joh. Winter et Alicie uxor sue qui quid. John. obt. a(nn)o Regni
regis Henrici septimie" (Pray
for the souls of John Winter and his wife Alice, who died in the reign of
Henry VII) with the arms of Winter impaling Brampton and Winter
impaling "a fesse between 6
billets." (also in Barningham Hall).
They were John Winter and his first wife Alice, daughter of Turvyle.
Joihn was son of Edmund Winter by his second wife Olive, daughter
and heiress of Sir William Brampton. There
is also the grave of Thomas Winter in the chancel who died on 15.5.1606
and that of Richard Winter buried in the church of Northwood Barningham in
1476. Thomas Winter was
Sheriff of Norwich in 1565 and alderman of Norwich in 1572. Fig.
58
- Winter of Town Barningham [Harleian
Visitation p. 325].
Arms: "checky or and sable, a
fesse argent"
[pedigree by Norris p.
1167]. Philip
Winter of Barningham temp Edward II (1327-1377) OR Adam Winter of
Heckingham = Joan, d. of Augustus Waxtonesham & Sarah de Heckingham>:
1. Eustacia Winter =
Richard Heveningham (Thomas Heveningham d. 1499 - brass at
Ketteringham, Norfolk of
him, his wife, 5 sons & 5 daughters)
2. William Winter (d.
1397) of Town Barningham & Egmere, Sheriff of Norfolk & Suffolk
in 1380 & 1392 =
Matilda/Maud de Lucy of Warwickshire OR Maud Berney >:
A. Margaret = Ralph
Lampet (exdcutor of his Will)
B. John Winter, MP for
Norfolk (1419) = (1) d. of Braylesford of Braylesford,
Derbyshire = (2) Elizabeth, d. of Sir Thomas Hetherset >
Elizabeth Winter
resigned rights of Chebenhale & Fressingfield, Suffolk in 1411.
John may have died
without male issue and mayhave been succeeded by a brother or
relative.
C. Edmund Winter = (1)
Oliva, .d & coheiress of Sir William Hampton.
Edmund
held Hampton, Mappenors,
Batton & Hampton Richards, Herefordshire in 1412
in 1411 (Will dated 1447) = (2) Alice (Furneaux or Taverham), widow
of John
Wodehouse of Kimberley who fought at Agincourt.
Her will is dated 18.3.1447 and
she is buried in the charnel house of Norwich Cathedral beside her
first husband.
By (2) > (1) Margery Winter = John Braunche (manor of Taverham).
(2) Eleanor Winter = John Heydon (Baconsthorpe manor, arms at
Swanton Nowers
& Taverham).
By (1) >:
a. Margaret Winter =
(executor of her father’s Will) = Ralph Reymes of Oxstrand
b. John Winter (executor
of father’s Will) = Margaret, d. of Sir Thomas
Etchingham of Etchingham,
Sussex >:
(1) Walter Winter
(2) Richard Winter = Jane, d. of John Berney & his wife
Catherine
(3) John Winter (d. 1494) = (1) Alice Turville or Turtevile of
Turteville’s manor = (2)
d. of Brampton = (3) d. of Huntingfield.
John presented to the church in 1490/1.
> Henry presented to church
in 1527-50 = Dorothy, d. of Clement Herward of
Alburgh or Ditchingham >:
(a) Nicholas Winter = Anne Green (1558)
(b) Edward Winter
(c) James Winter (d. 1590)
(d) Erasmus Winter of Hoveton
(e) Jane Winter = Moulton
(f) Thomas Winter
(g)
Christopher Winter
(h) 2 daughters
(i) Philip Winter (d.
1553, Will dated 1590) = Mary, d. of Ralph Symonds of Cley
>:
1. William Winter =
Frances, d. of William Rokewood
of Weston > Phillip
Winter (b. 1591).
2. Anne Winter = Thomas
Plumstead of Plumstead manor. Grant
of land in Norfolk on 5.10.1441 to Adam Wynter in Millegate Street,
Gressenhalle [Palealography,
Topography & Genealogy]. Oxstrand:
Hugh de Reymes (3 Edw I) & John de Reymes = Agnes > son John de
Reymes > Roger I de Reymes (33 Edw I) > Roger II de Reymes = Alice
> John de Reymes > John, son of John de Reymes (1355).
On 4.5.1383 administration was granted of the goods of Sir John
Reymes & Sir Roger his son. Sir
John Reymes (father of John) = Christian Jeckerson.
John Reymes = Margaret, d. of Edmund
Winter of Berningham. John
Reymes was brother of Sir Roger II & 2nd son of Roger I. Baconsthorpe:
Heydons of Heydon, 100 of S. Erpingham.
Thomas Heydon, justice itinerant (1221) > William Heydon >
William Heydon (Edw I) > Simon Heydon > Sir Richard Heydon (died in
France temp Edw III) & David Heydon = Margaret > Hugh Hyedon =
Alice Loverd > William Heydon = Isabel, d. of John Moore of Norwich
> Robert Heydon = Cecily, d. of Robert Oulton of Oulton, Norfoilk. an
eminent lawyer (Henry IV) > William Hyedon = Jane, d. of John Warren of
Lincs. > John Heydon of Baconsthorpe, eminent lawyer (Henry VI &
Edward IV), Recorder of Norwich (1431) = Eleanor, d. of Edmund
Winter of Bernignham. The
Winter arms appear at the following places: Taverham church:
Braunch "argent, a lion rampant
gules, bruised with a bendlet sable, argent, a saltire sable
thereon", "a fesse gules, charged with 3 besants" borne
by William Taverham Esq., lord & patron, Winter impaling Taverham,
Braunch impaling Winter, Braunch impaling Calthorp. Baldric
I of Taverham = Margaret > Edmund de Taverham = Alice > Baldric II
de Taverham = Agnes >
Alice de Taverham = Edmund Winter
> Margery Winter = John Braunche. Brampton:
Brome impaling Charles, Shelton, Mautby, Calthorp, Winter & Appleton. Broome,
Norfolk has a brass with 2 shields Brome and Brome impaling Winter and
portions of 2 scrolls; the remains of the brass to Robert Brome (1455) and
his wife Olive Winter and children all in shrouds, kneeling, device and
inscription, slab upright in splay of nave window ("A
list of Monumental Brasses in the British Isles" -
Mills Stephenson). She may
have been the daughter of Edmund Winter and his first wife Olive Hampton. Norwich:
John Winter in the list of knights and esquires who died leaving no male
issue. Swanton Nowers: Braunche impaling Winter, "chequy
or and sable, a fesse argent", Bozoun impaling Carvile, Bozoun
impaling L'Estrange "argent on
a cross engrailed, gules between 3 escallops sable, 5 besants"
impaling Winter, "gules a cross
moline, argent" borne by Lord Willoughby.
(see Taverham). Salle church:
Berney impaling "chequy or and
sable, a fesse argent" (Winter). Richard
= Jane, d. of John Berney and his wife Catherine. Oxstrand church:
Calthorp impaling Hastings & Foliot, Reymes "sable,
a chevron between 3 lions rampant, argent", crest "a plume of feathers out of a coronet or" impaling Winter,
Felbrigg, Le Gross, Mautby, Berney, Winter & Hethersett impaled. Margaret
=John Reymes (tomb & arms at Oxstrand). John
Winter MP for Norfolk 1410 = (1) d.of Braylesford of Braylesford,
Derbyshire = (2) Elizabeth, d. of Sir Thomas Hetherset Richard
Winter = Jane, d. of John Berney and his wife Catherine. Shelton Church: "sable, a chevron between 3 trefoils argent", Wytchyngham,
Howes, Scutumbre, Heydon & Boleyn.
Calthorp quartering Burgullion, Dovedale impaling "gules
a chevron ermine between 3 de lises or", Fitzwalter &
Shelton, Stapleton & Hingham. Clere
& Dovedale, Clere & Haukforth, Howard, Bedingfield & Shelton,
Boleyn, Butler & Ormond. Boleyn,
Howe & Wichingham "azure a
fesse between 6 cross crosslets or.
Vere quartering Howard & Plays.
Shelton & Plais. Shelton
quartering Clere Dovedale,
Yelverton & Brewse. Braunch
& Bardolf, Lowdham & Shelton, Brewse, Shardelowe, Mundeford &
Barrett. Knevet & Shelton. Shelton
hall has the arms of Shelton and 47 impalements including: 1.
Shelton & Fitzhammond. 1.
Shelton & Gedding. 3.
Cretyng. 4. Vaux.
5. Herling. 6. Martin.
7 Illegh. 8. Plais.
9. Bures. 10. Tendring. 11. WINTER. 12.
Mellers. 13. Ufford.
14. Thorington. 15. Burgullon.
10. Cockfield. 17. Lowdham. 18.
Doverdale. A
list of arms in the old hall are listed in a manuscript of Robert Kemp
about 1575: "In
the house of Mr Winter viz, the parler Winter &
Barningham
- "checke or and sable a fesse argent syeth (sydeth) gules a maunche ermyn,
gaules iii luces inter iii plattes argent"
(Lucy - Matilda de Lucy = William Winter, Sheriff of Suffolk &
Norfolk). Winter & Hampton - "checke
or and sable, a fesse argent sydeth geules a fesse argent and a labell of
fyve poyntes of the seconde".
(Edmund
Winter = Margaret. d. of Sir William Hampton). Winter & Hethersett - "checke
or and sable, a fesse argent, quartered or, a cinkfoyle sable which both
sydeth azur a leopard rampant or".
(John
Winter of 1410 = (2) Elizabeth Hetherset). Winter & Erminglond (Irmingland of Stiffkey) - "checke
or and sable, a fesse argent sydeth argent a saltyre sable oppressed with
a barr gules iii plates. Geules
a fesse inter vi billets or. Geules
a saltyre inter iiii cressents corcrossletts". (The
Irmingland arms came through Alice Turtevile or Turvyle of Stiffkey). Winter & Hawarde (Henry
Winter of 1527-50 = Dorothy, d. of Clement Herward
of Alburgh or Ditchingham). Winter
and Hampton "sydeth with
the saltyre sydeth azure a fesse gobony geules and vert int. iii howletts
proper". (Edmund
Winter = Margaret. d. of Sir William Hampton). Winter & Bedingfilde - "checke
or et sable, a fesse argent sable sydeth ermyn, an egle displayed geules
membred or". (Catherine,
d. of Philip Bedingfield, second wife and widow of Edmund Beaupre of Upwell &
Outwell manors, married secondly John Winter IV.
She presented to the church of Southacre in 1578). Winter &
Symonds
- "checke or et sable, a fesse
argent sydeth azure iii trayfoyles slipped or."(
Philip Winter (d. 1553 Will dated 1590) = Mary, d. of Ralph Symonds
of Cley). Winter &
Bemenalle
- "Winter sydeth argent on a
fesse inter ii chevrons geules iii scallopps of the first." Winter sydeth the
daughter of Reymes of Ov'strand
(Overstrand) - (Mary
Winter = John Reymes of
Oxstrand). Winter & Hethersett -
"Winter sydeth or, a cinkfoyle sable.
Winter sydeth argent, a fesse sable a canton geules. (John
Winter MP in 1410 = (2) Elizabeth Hetherset). Winter &
Brampton - Winter sydeth Brampton (John
Winter (d. 1494) = (2) d. of Brampton). Woodhouse & Wynter - "sable,
a chevron ermyn inter iii cinkefoyles argent sydeth checke or et sable, a
fesse argent. Azur a maunche
argent sydeth Winter. (Edmund
Winter = Alice Furneaux or Taverham, widow of John Wodehouse
of Kimberley). Barney & Lucy - "azure
et geules in pale a cross ingrale ermyne sydeth geules iii luceys int.
viiii cor-crossletts argent". Winter
of Heydon paled. (Richard
Winter = Jane, d. of John Berney
and his wife Catherine. William
Winter = Matilda de Lucy of
Warwickshire). Mauteby &
Winter
- "Azur a crosse sarcelle or
sydeth argent". Dengayne
(de
Engayne or Enghien, a family of Flemish origin)
- "azure a fesse
daunce inter vi scallops argent." Winter & Rokewood. (William
Winter II = Frances, d. of William Rokewood
of Weston). From
the Winters display of arms in their private house, it is possible that
the windows of the old nave and chapel contained many of these, some of
which may have been removed to the Hall at the destruction of that part of
the church. Several
Winters were rectors or presented rectors to various churches in Norfolk: Baconsthorpe
- Roger de Wickingham by John Winter & others in 1395. Barningham
Winter - Robert Winter by Sir
Thomas Erpingham & Sir Ralph Shelton in 1407. Barningham
Winter- Thomas Perer by John Winter in 1412. Barningham
Winter - William Reed by John Winter in 1457. Buckton
or Boughton - Thomas Winter AM
by John Winter in 1617. Erpingham
- Thomas Newton by William Winter of Barningham & others in 1372. East
Dereham - John Winter, author
of "Spicilegium"
in
1664. Flordon
- Hugh Thrower by Edward Winter of Town Berningham in1428. Framlingham-Picot
given by Thomas Picot of Stradsete to brother John
Winter in 1464. Gimmingham
- Walter Winter between
1386-1401. Gissing
- John Winter alias Capell,
priest, canon of Butley on 4.11.1484. Great
Carbrook - John Winter presented
by Prior on 26.2.1540. Gunton
- Henry Swayne by Edmund Winter and others in 1431. North
Pickenham - John Winter by
Ralph, earl of Westmorland in 1424. Norwich
- Thomas Winter AM, minister of
Lynn installed on 1.10.1614. Norwich
- Thomas Winter between
1522-1529. Langford
- John Winter (previously
rector of Thornegg) in.1360. Ovington
- John Winter (d. 28.4.1558) on
6.10.1556. Patesley
-Thomas Winter by Henry Heydon
1484 Shipden
& Cromer - John Winter by
prior 29 Edw III (1336). South
Acre - Henry Bedingfield by Catherine Winter in 1578. South
Burgh - John Winter between
1463-1550. Southrey
- John Smith, AM by Catherine Winter, widow in 1582. Taverham:
advowson of one portion settled by fine on John
Winter in-1395. Thorp
Market - John Winter in 1439. According
to an inquisition No. 43. 11th Henry VI (1433) Bermingham and
Erpingham were divided "dimid.
feod milit per" (as a military fee) between Edward Winter "et Johem Wentworth", held from "Johannes de Mowbray dux Norfolc, dominus de Mowbray, de Segrave et
de Gower" (John Mowbray, duke of Norfolk, lord Mowbray, Segrave
and Gower). Heydon,
Brampton and Hethersett are in Norfolk, Mautby is by Caistor Castle, also
in Norfolk. In
1482 Sir Edward Bedingfield built the hall at Oxborough, Norfolk near
Downham Market and Kings Lynn. Kimberley,
Norfolk passed to Sir Thomas Woodhouse in 1465 by marriage to a daughter
of Sir Thomas Fastolf. The
Heydons held Baconsthorpe during the reign of Elizabeth I. William
Rokewood of 1474 and his descendants of 1543 lived at Warham All Saints,
Weston Longueville. John
& Elizabeth Hampton lived in Salthorpe in 1521. Robert
de Erpingham was MP in 1332, 1334 and 1340.
His son John, sheriff and bailiff in 1352 and 1360, lived in
Norwich and was buried in Erpingham in 1370.
His son Thomas Erpingham was a supporter of John of Gaunt and his
son Bolingbroke who became Henry IV.
Thomas Erpingham also served under Henry V and was in command of
the archers at Agincourt. His house in Norwich was on the site of the Three Tuns. The
family of Heydon held a manor at Baconsthorpe, sold to them in the 15th
century by the Bacons. There
are brasses in the church there to Anne (d. 1561) and her son William
Heydon. The Heydons possessed
a house in Norwich which still stands between Stepping Land and the church
of St. Peter's, Parmountergate. John
Heydon was Recorder of Norwich and founded the Heydon chapel in Norwich
Cathedral where he is buried. The
Heydons also had a house at Martins, Norwich which was sold to Erpingham
in 1409 - this is now No. 10, Tombland at the corner with St.
Martins-at-Palace-Plain. Thomas
Heydon of Salthouse married Anne Boleyn (Queen Anne Boleyn's great aunt) -
the Boleyns held Blickling, Sall and Salthouses, Norfolk.
At Saxlingham there are brasses of Christopher Heydon's daughter of
Tudor times and also that of his wife Mirabel.
The ruins of Heydon Hall (1550-1901) are nearby. The
Black Death made prices fall as the population fell and when supplies
finished, there were was no labour to gather the corn harvests which were
left to rot in the fields. "So
great was the want of labourers and workmen of every art and mystery, that
a third part and more of the land throughout the entire kingdom remained
uncultivated, labourers and workmen became so rebellious that neither king
nor the law nor the justices, the guardians of the law, were able to
punish them."
("Registrum
Roffensis"): Labourers
demanded higher wages and prices rose rapidly because demand was greater
than supply. Parliament
passed the Statute of Labourers to regulate wages and prices.
Under its terms all unemployed men and women, under pain of
imprisonment, had to accept any work offered them at wages level of 1346
or 6 years previously. Labourers
could not leave until their contract expired; employers who paid wages
above the limit had to pay large sums to informers, suppliers were ordered
to charge reasonable prices for their goods and begging by the able-bodied
was forbidden. These measures
failed, labourers were thrown into prison for demanding high wages or
branded and fines were imposed on abbots, priors, the landed gentry and
nobles for disobeying the Statute. In
addition the villeinage system still existed in the countryside where
lords decided what work their serfs could do.
Serfs had to pay their lords in work, in kind or in money.
If the lord's permission was not obtained before a serf's daughter
married, she would lose her inheritance and a serf's son had to have his
lord's permission to be educated. These
conditions and the poll tax led to the Peasants' Revolt on 30.3.1381 when
Flemings were murdered in London, Lynn, Essex and Yarmouth.
Wat Tyler, allegedly a discharged soldier, marched on London from
Kent. Richard II (1371-99)
tried to avoid more trouble although Sir Robert Knollys advised him to
massacre the peasants who had camped at Mile End and Blackheath.
The peasants were let into London and sacked the Savoy Palace,
residence of the hated John of Gaunt.
Richard II met the rebels at Smithfield where Wat Tyler was killed
by the mayor of London, William Walworth and the rest of the rebellion
petered out by November 1381. Richard
II was married to Anne of Bohemia in 1382, sister of Wenzel, the Emperor
elect. "The
queen of Richard II of England was a Bohemian and it was probably by means
of her attendants that the works of (John)
Wycliffe were carried into Bohemia"
("Book of Martyrs"
- John Foxe). Amongst
the lords who supported Wycliffe's followers (called the Lollards) were
Sir Thomas Latimer, Sir John Trussell, Sir John Pecche and Sir John
Montague; John of Gaunt was Wycliffe's patron and sympathetic to his
cause. Wycliffe was accused of heresy but was not condemned.
"Part of it he spent in
exile or in concealment. He
discharged the duties of his rectory at Lutterworth for two years with
diligence and zeal and departed this mortal life there in peace in the
beginning of the year 1384". ("Book of Martyrs"
- John Foxe). Gaunt
claimed the throne of Castile for himself by right of his wife, daughter
of Pedro "the Cruel",
the legitimate heir and in 1383 Parliament sanctioned a Spanish campaign.
Henry Despencer, Bishop of Norwich, set out to fight another
campaign in Flanders - both campaigns were unsuccessful.
Gaunt and his brother Thomas of Woodstock were sent to fight the
Scots on 26.1.1384 and as French were sending troops there, Richard
himself led an army up to Edinburgh but neither attempt was successful. Anne
of Bohemia (whom Richard loved dearly) died at Sheen and the king razed
the palace to the ground. He
had a group of favourites at court, headed by Robert de Vere, (created
earl of Oxford) which included Michael de la Pole (created earl of
Suffolk), Judge Sir Robert Tresillian, Nicholas Brembre, a London merchant
and mayor, John Montague, earl of Salisbury and Thomas Mowbray, earl of
Nottingham (later duke of Norfolk). In
1387-8 Burley (Richard's old tutor) was asked at Westminster, in the
presence of the king's uncles, nobles and burgesses, to account for funds
that he had been responsible for as there was a deficit of 250,000 francs.
Burley put the blame on Alexander Neville, Archbishop of York (Lord
Neville's brother) saying everything had been done on his advice and
through the king's chamberlains Sir Robert Tresillian, Sir John Beauchamp,
Sir John Salisbury, Sir Nicholas Brembre, Sir John Golafre and others but
they denied responsibility. Sir
John Golafre, a knight of the king's household, was a royalists and an
intimate of Robert de Vere and Michael de la Pole with whom he escaped
north. He was with Richard at
Eltham when the Londoners went to see the king.
Sir John Golafre bore a silver gilt goblet, weighing over a pound
with 100 gold nobles in it as Richard II's gift to Froissart. The
Winters of Huddington and the Russells of Strensham descended from the
family of Golafre and were entitled to bear their arms "barry
wavy argent and gules, upon a bend sable, 3 besants" (Golafre of
Fyfield, Berks and Oxon) throught the marriage of Margaret Golafre to
Baldwin Huddington, great great grandfather of the Huddington heiresses,
Joan and Agnes, who married Robert Winter of Wych and William Russell of
Strensham. The
Golafres appeared on the Swan Rolls which was a sign of great wealth and
heritage. They
held Fyfield manor in the Ock Hundred of Berkshire previously held by
Henry de Ferrars, Lord of Tutbury, Staffordshire in 1086. The Ferrars of Tutbury shared common ancestry with the
Winters. Fyfield was held of
Tutbury (Testa
de Nevill 1216) and Henry de Ferrars was possibly ancestor of the
family named Fyfield. Richard
de Fyfield (1169-70), Roger de Fyfield (1199) held this manor.
A subsequent Richard de Fyfield was a rebel against King John but
regained his forfeited lands in 1217.
The next tenants were Philip de Fyfield who held 1 knight's fee
shortly after, Robert de Fyfield (1258), Philip de Fyfield (1273), John de
Fyfield and his wife Juliana (1309-1316). Sir
John Golafre (d. 1363) of Sarsden, Oxfordshire, eldest son of Thomas
Golafre of Bury Blunsden, Wiltshire married Elizabeth (d. 1360), daughter
and heiress of John Fyfield. John
Golafre received a grant of free warren in 1334-5.
He died in 1363 and was buried at Fyfield which passed to John
Golafre, MP for Oxfordshire in 1378, then to his son John who married (1)
Amice, heiress of Thomas de Langley and (2) Isabel, widow of Thomas of
Missenden (who held land in Caernarfon). John
Golafre junior died in 1379 when the manor passed to his uncle Thomas
Golafre, then to Thomas's son, John Golafre, who was MP in the Parliaments
of Henry V and Henry VI. He
was lord of the manor in 1428 and died without heirs in February 1441-2,
his wife Margaret surviving him. One
of their heirs was Agnes, daughter of Richard (son of Robert de Witham) by
Julia, daughter of Sir John Golafre and Elizabeth de Fyfield. Agnes
married William Browning (1437). The
Will was disputed by John Spechilsey and his wife Mary (descended from
Roger, younger son of John Golafre and Elizabeth). William
Browning may had some connection with the manor of Leigh, Deerhurst
Hundred, Gloucestershire which was granted in 1356 by Gilbert of
Kinnersley to Joan of Rodborough of Notgrove, wife of Thomas of Rodburgh
(d. 1308). In 1377 William,
great grandson of Joan, held it after which it passed to John (d. 1382). William's
two sisters were his co-heiresses, Agnes, wife of John Browning and Alice,
wife of John Winter. It then passed to the Whittingtons of Pauntley who held
Notgrove, one member of this family was Richard Whittington, lord mayor of
London. According
to the antiquarian Sydney Grazebrook, this John Winter was John de
Coventry, one of the executors of Whittington's Will for the Coventry
family bore the Winter arms differenced and may have been descended from
John le Vinetier of Hardwick near Coventry. 13
Edward I (1285) Inquisition post mortem No. 128 - Joh(ann)es
le Vineter in Warwick - Coventry et Merston juxta Herdewik. Coventry of Bugate, Hampshire, Hanbury House, Co. Dorset & Croome d'Abitot, Worcs. bore the Winter arms "sable, a fesse ermine" with crescents for cadency. The Coventrys were created barons (1628) and became extinct 1719. The earl of Coventry (created 1697) bore the arm: "sable, a fesse ermine between 3 crescents or". Crest: "a garb lying fesseways or, thereon a cock gules comnbed, wattled and legged or" confirmed in 1602 to Thomas Coventry of Croome, father of the 1st lord Coventry, Lord Keeper. The supporters of the arms are: "2 eagles' wings expanded & inverted argent, beaked and legged or" Motto: "Candide et constanter." |