Y-DNA (37 + 3 additional markers) database including Rurikid and
Gediminid princes and those males who are also suspecting their descent either
from Rurik (the 1st Russian prince, 9th century), or from
Gedimin (The Grand Duke of Lithuania, 13th cent.). Contains
currently the following surnames, Rurikids : Czetwertynski, Gagarin, Gorchakov,
Kosonen, Khilkov, Kropotkin, Lobanov-Rostovsky, Mozarowski (and variants),
Mozhaysky, Myshetsky, Niewmierzycki (and variants), Obolensky, Ossowiecki,
Poscharsky, Putyatin, Puzyna, Rostowsky, Rzhevsky, Shahovskoi, Solomin,
Szuyski, Tolloczko, Vadbolsky and Volkonsky, and Gediminids : Golitsin
(Galitzine), Khovanskii (Chowanski), Chartorisky (Czartoryski), Trab,
Trubetskoy (Trubecki), Urban(owicz), Svistunov, Cuthie (Jakutowicz), Barteit.
However, not all of them were found to be genuine descendants of Rurik or of
Gedimin, respectively. Besides, it was discovered that the Volkonsky/Obolensky
branch is of Slavic descent (genetic haplogroup R1a1), and most probably
princes in this branch are not descended from Rurik. By all means it seems that
Rurik was a historical person, who was born on the Roslagen seashore (slightly
north of Stockholm, Sweden). However, he was of the Finno-Ugrian descent
(haplogroup N1c1 (earlier described as N3a) -
although, theoretically, this could have been the Obolensky branch which
might be descended from Rurik). The prince Piotr Szuyski is also of Slavic
descent (R1a1).
The prince Kropotkin is really
descended from Rurik. However, by no means he is descended from the princes of
Smolensk. His princely branch needs to be reconsidered again.
Gedimin, the Grand Duke of
Lithuania, and Rurik the Viking chieftain and the 1st Russian
prince, were distant cousins. They shared a common male ancestor ab. 2000 years
ago. This is not clear whether the noble Urbanowicz, Jakutowicz and Svistunov
(Swistun, Swistunow) families are illegal descendants of Gedimin, or they
rather belong to the Gediminid branches that were forgotten by genealogists.
The prince Jerzy Czartoryski
of Canada decided to make his Y-DNA test in spite of this what historians
speculate(d) about descent of his princely branch. It is believed that his
G...Grandmother, the princess Izabella Czartoryska (nee Fleming) had her 1st
son with the Rurikid prince Nikolai Vasilievich Repnin, while this was
Armand-Louis de Gontaut-Biron, Duc de Lauzun, who fathered the 2nd son,
Konstanty, from whom the prince Jerzy had descended. The prince Jerzy was found
to be descended from a Germanic tribe (R1b1). He can still be descended from
the French, since majority of them are of Germanic origin. This what counts
here is that the prince Jerzy inherited the title of prince, as well as family
tradition, from his legal ancestors, the Czartoryski princes. On the other hand,
however, providing that he is really descended from the Gontaut-Birons, this
duly means that he is a genetic descendant of the old French family,
having roots in 12th century.
The prince Stanislaw Antoni
Czetwertynski was found to belong to the I2a2 haplogroup. By no means he is
descended from Rurik. His genetic haplotype is typical for native population of
the Belarussian-Ukrainian Polissiya region. This can also mean that the prince
Tur(e), who raised the dynasty of the Turov-Pinsk princes, wasn’t at all
descended from Rurik.
Since the two branches, i.e. the
Chernigov-Kievan (Volkonsky, Obolensky) and the Muscovite (Szuysky) are somehow
related by blood, it seems that two different members of the same ruling
dynasty broke these lines. Myself, I think that the Chernigov branch was broken
by the king Boleslaw II Smialy (either in the year 1069 or in the years
1077/78), while the Muscovite branch was broken by Mikolaj Lis, the voievod in
Krakow (Cracow), the then capital of Poland. Lis left Ukraine in may 1190. 9
months later St. Jaroslav Vsevolodovich was born. According to some Polish
genealogists the Lis clan might be originated from the Polish ruling Piast
dynasty.
Results for people whose surnames
are marked with green background were provided by Nikita Maximov, the
Scientific Editor of the Russian Newsweek Magazine. They are not to be taken
away from here unless a written permission from him will be obtained (nmaximov@gmail.com) .
Other results are freely available
to anyone who wishes to use them for comparative and non-commercial purposes.
However, neither test result can be taken away from here by a male (nor by his
closest relative) who made his own Y-DNA test, but himself doesn’t wish to
inform the public of his result.
Mutation rates in markers marked with
pink background are larger (0.003 to 0.005), and those marked with violet background are extremely large (above
0.005) compared with an average mutation
rate (which is something like 0.0024). However, in the so-called genetic
calculator one can also use different mutation rates in each of the marker
panels. Estimated more precisely by the FTDNA Co., the average mutation rates
are as follows : 0.00399 (markers 1 – 12), 0.00481 (markers 13 – 25), and
0.00748 (markers 26 - 37), respectively (http://www.mymcgee.com/tools/yutility.html#MutationRate)
. And this is also a clear evidence for this that the markers 26 – 37 are most
important in genetic genealogy. When comparing the markers 1 –25 one can only
SUSPECT that the two tested males might be related by blood if their markers
are matching. By ALL MEANS one needs to check the markers 26 – 37, and
especially the fast mutating markers like CDYa, CDYb and DYS 570, to be
absolutely CERTAIN that, IN FACT, he IS related by blood with another man. A
lot of Y-DNA test results do appear on the Y-search.org database (http://www.ysearch.org/) when the two males
are e.g. perfectly matching on their first 12 markers; a certain mismatch,
however, small, can appear on the 2nd panel (markers 13 - 25); while
a considerable mismatch on the 3rd panel (markers 26 – 37) is a
clear evidence for this that they have not been related by blood at all (in
historical times – 50-60 generations ago).
Thanks to this project I can verify
real mutation rates, and these have been displayed below. The rates are calculated
per the entire 37 markers haplotypes and per century. The time that passed by
is a difference between the year in which the Y-DNA tests were performed, and
the year when the common male ancestor (CMA) was born.
Surname andgiven
name |
Surname andgiven
name |
Haplogroup |
Common maleancestor (CMA) |
Year born |
Centuries tothe
CMA |
Genetic Distance |
Mutation rate per 37 markers haplotype and per century**
|
||
|
(in blue SNP test) |
FTDNA
standard* |
Webmaster’s
standard* |
FTDNA
standard* |
Webmaster’s
standard* |
|||||
RURIKIDS
|
N1c1
|
(***)
|
AVERAGE
|
|
|
|
|
0.5311 |
0.5293 |
Gagarin
G.G. |
RzhevskyNikolai |
N1c1
|
Vladimir
Monomakh |
1053 |
9.55 |
3@ |
3@ |
0.4649@ |
0.4649@ |
GagarinA. P. |
Rzhevsky
Nikolai |
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.55 |
4 |
4 |
0.4188 |
0.4188 |
Gagarin
A. P. |
Khilkov
|
N1c1
|
Andrei F.
Starodubsky |
Ab. 1290 |
7.18 |
4 |
4 |
0.5571 |
0.5571 |
Gagarin
A. P. |
Kropotkin
|
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
8 |
7 |
0.8368 |
0.7322 |
Gagarin
A. P. |
Putiatin
|
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
9 |
9 |
0.9414 |
0.9414 |
GagarinA. P. |
Vadbolsky |
N1c1
|
VsevolodYurievich |
1154 |
8.55 |
6 |
6 |
0.7018 |
0.7018 |
RzhevskyNikolai |
Khilkov |
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
4 |
4 |
0.4184 |
0.4184 |
RzhevskyNikolai |
Kropotkin |
N1c1
|
David R.Smolensky |
Ab. 1130 |
8.79 |
4 |
4 |
0.4188 |
0.4188 |
RzhevskyNikolai |
Putiatin |
N1c1
|
MstislavVladimirovich |
1076 |
9.33 |
7 |
7 |
0.7503 |
0.7503 |
RzhevskyNikolai |
Vadbolsky |
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
6 |
6 |
0.6276 |
0.6276 |
Khilkov |
Kropotkin |
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
3 |
3 |
0.3138 |
0.3138 |
Khilkov
|
Putiatin
|
N1c1
|
VladimirMonomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
6 |
6 |
0.6276 |
0.6276 |
Khilkov |
Vadbolsky
|
N1c1
|
VsevolodYurievich |
1154 |
8.55 |
4 |
4 |
0.4678 |
0.4678 |
Kropotkin |
Putiatin |
N1c1
|
MstislavVladimirovich |
1076 |
9.33 |
10 |
10 |
1.0718 |
1.0718 |
Kropotkin |
Vadbolsky |
N1c1
|
Vladimir
Monomakh |
1053 |
9.56 |
5 |
5 |
0.5230 |
0.5230 |
Vadbolsky
|
Putiatin |
N1c1
|
MstislavVladimirovich |
1076 |
9.33 |
6 |
6 |
0.6431 |
0.6431 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RURIKIDS
|
R1a1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
VolkonskyJohn |
ObolenskyYuri |
R1a1
|
TaurusskyYuri |
Ab. 1220 |
7.88 |
6 |
6 |
0.7614 |
0.7614 |
VolkonskyJohn |
VolkonskyO. |
R1a1
|
Volkonsky
Fedor I. |
Ab. 1330 |
6.79 |
6 |
6 |
0.8837 |
0.8837 |
VolkonskyO. |
ObolenskyYuri |
R1a1
|
Taurussky
Yuri |
Ab. 1220 |
7.89 |
7 |
7 |
0.8872 |
0.8872 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GEDIMINIDS
|
N1c1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
KhovanskiiAskold |
ChartoriskyAlex |
N1c1
|
Gedimin
|
Ab. 1270 |
7.38 |
4 |
4 |
0.5420 |
0.5420 |
KhovanskiiAskold |
Golitsin |
N1c1
|
PatrikiyNarimuntovich |
Ab. 1330 |
6.79 |
4 |
4 |
0.5891 |
0.5891 |
KhovanskiiAskold |
Trab |
N1c1
|
Gedimin
|
Ab. 1270 |
7.39 |
4 |
4 |
0.5413 |
0.5413 |
ChartoriskyAlex |
Golitsin |
N1c1
|
Gedimin
|
Ab. 1270 |
7.39 |
2 |
2 |
0.2706 |
0.2706 |
ChartoriskyAlex |
Trab |
N1c1
|
Algirdas
Gediminovich |
Ab. 1307 |
7.02 |
4 |
4 |
0.5698 |
0.5698 |
Golitsin |
Trab |
N1c1
|
Gedimin
|
Ab. 1270 |
7.39 |
4 |
4 |
0.5413 |
0.5413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TAWAST
|
CLAN
|
(***; 3)
|
AVERAGE
|
|
|
|
|
0.4645 |
0.3787 |
TawastHannu |
StjernaAntti |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
4 |
3 |
0.7874 |
0.5906 |
Tawast
Hannu |
TawastVeikko |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Christoffer |
Ab.
1660 |
3.47 |
2@@ |
2@@ |
0.5764@@ |
0.5764@@ |
TawastHannu |
TawastJ. |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Christoffer |
Ab.
1660 |
3.47 |
3 |
3 |
0.8646 |
0.8646 |
TawastHannu |
TawastT. |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Alexander |
1802 |
2.07 |
1@@ |
1@@ |
0.4831@@ |
0.4831@@ |
Tawast
Hannu
|
Bergh
P.
|
N1c1
|
Tawast
Johan |
Ab.
1590 |
4.17 |
2 |
2 |
0.4796 |
0.4796 |
Stjerna
Antti
|
Tawast
Veikko |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
2 |
1 |
0.3937 |
0.1969 |
Stjerna
Antti
|
Tawast
J. |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
3 |
2 |
0.5906 |
0.3937 |
Stjerna
Antti
|
Tawast
T. |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
3 |
2 |
0.5906 |
0.3937 |
Stjerna
Antti
|
Bergh
P. |
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
2 |
1 |
0.3937 |
0.1969 |
TawastVeikko |
TawastJ. |
N1c1
|
TawastFrederik |
1758 |
2.50 |
1 |
1 |
0.4000 |
0.4000 |
Tawast
Veikko
|
Tawast
T.
|
N1c1
|
Tawast
Christoffer |
Ab.
1660 |
3.47 |
1 |
1 |
0.2882 |
0.2882 |
Tawast
Veikko.
|
Bergh
P.
|
N1c1
|
TawastJohan |
Ab.
1590 |
4.17 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
TawastT.
|
Tawast
J.
|
N1c1
|
TawastChristoffer |
Ab.
1660 |
3.47 |
2 |
2 |
0.5764 |
0.5764 |
Tawast
T.
|
Bergh
P.
|
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
1 |
1 |
0.1969 |
0.1969 |
Tawast
J.
|
Bergh
P.
|
N1c1
|
Tawast
Henrik |
Ab.
1500 |
5.08 |
1 |
1 |
0.1969 |
0.1969 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vines
Fred |
VinesRon |
N1c1 |
VinesJohn |
Ab. 1660 |
3.46 |
2@@ |
2@@ |
0.5764@@ |
0.5764@@ |
VinesFred |
VinesPaul B. |
N1c1 |
VinesEdward |
1725 |
2.81 |
1@ |
1@ |
0.5267@ |
0.5267@ |
Kosonen
Roy |
Kosonen
Eino |
N1c1
|
Kosoin
Petteri |
1713 |
2.94 |
1 |
1 |
0.3436 |
0.3436 |
FletcherBrien |
FletcherRichard |
N1c1 |
FletcherJohn
S. |
1829 |
1.79 |
3 |
2 |
1.6760 |
1.1173 |
Komulainen
Eero |
Komulainen
Jari |
N1c1
|
Komulainen
Samuel |
1703 |
3.06 |
4 |
4 |
1.3071 |
1.3071 |
Lapinski
“Wzorek” |
Lapinski
„Bodaj” |
R1a11
|
Lapinski
Jakub |
Ab. 1510 |
4.98 |
4 |
4 |
0.8032 |
0.8032 |
Lapinski
„Kus” |
Lapinski
„Bodaj” |
R1a1
|
Lapinski
Wit |
Ab. 1450 |
5.58 |
5 |
5 |
0.8961 |
0.8961 |
Lapinski
„Rosman” |
Lapinski
„Bodaj” |
R1a1
|
Lapinski
„Lapa” |
Ab. 1420 |
5.88 |
4 |
4 |
0.6803 |
0.6803 |
Lapinski
„Wzorek” |
Lapinski
„Kus” |
R1a1
|
Lapinski
Wit |
Ab. 1450 |
5.58 |
5 |
5 |
0.8961 |
0.8961 |
Lapinski
„Rosman” |
Lapinski
„Kus” |
R1a1
|
Lapinski
„Lapa” |
Ab. 1420 |
5.88 |
3 |
3 |
0.5102 |
0.5102 |
Lapinski
„Rosman” |
Lapinski
„Wzorek“ |
R1a1
|
Lapinski
„Lapa” |
Ab. 1420 |
5.88 |
6 |
6 |
1.0204 |
1.0204 |
VENTER
|
CLAN
|
(***; 4)
|
AVERAGE
|
|
|
|
|
0.8991 |
0.8991 |
Venter
Piet #73298 |
Venter
#89593 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter
Piet #73298 |
Venter
#87173 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter
Piet #73298 |
Venter
#87825 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Venter
Piet #73298 |
Venter
#132347 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Venter
Piet #73298 |
Venter
#143506 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
6 |
6 |
1.7341 |
1.7341 |
Venter
#89593 |
Venter#87173 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
4 |
4 |
1.1561 |
1.1561 |
Venter#89593 |
Venter
#87825 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter#89593 |
Venter
#132347 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter#89593 |
Venter
#143506 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
8 |
8 |
2.3121 |
2.3121 |
Venter
#87173 |
Venter
#87825 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter#87173 |
Venter
#132347 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
2 |
2 |
0.5780 |
0.5780 |
Venter
#87173 |
Venter
#143506 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
8 |
8 |
2.3121 |
2.3121 |
Venter#87825 |
Venter
#132347 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Venter
#87825 |
Venter
#143506 |
R1a1
|
Venter
(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
6 |
6 |
1.7341 |
1.7341 |
Venter#132347 |
Venter
#143506 |
R1a1
|
Venter(v. Dempter) Hendrik |
1663 |
3.46 |
6 |
6 |
1.7341 |
1.7341 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kossacki-
Lytwyn Lukasz |
Kossacki-
Lytwyn Jacek
|
R1a1
|
|
1900 |
1.08 |
2 |
2 |
1.8519 |
1.8519 |
Plewako
Stanislaw J. |
Plewako
Stanislaw G. |
I2a2
|
Plewako
Kazimierz |
1822 |
1.87 |
1 |
1 |
0.5348@@ |
0.5348@@ |
·
* In almost 100 % of all cases, unexpectedly, some of
the markers AMONG THE FINNs (N1c1) seem to be MUTATING SIMULTANEOUSLY (or very
shortly one after another). This observation is valid in the case of the
following pairs of markers : DYS 459 a and DYS 459 b, DYS 464 a and DYS 464 b,
DYS 464 c and DYS 464 d, as well as CDY a and CDY b. The FTDNA Co. is not
taking this phenomenon into account at all. For example, if two males are
having 37 37 and 34 34 in CDY a and CDY b, respectively, the FTDNA Co. counts
the genetic distance (GD) to be 3x2=6 in the both markers. I will try to
reconsider this problem, and in the right column the GD = 3 in such case will
be counted. The future will show which method is correct.
·
** To compare these figures with those mentioned above,
one needs to divide them by 37x4 (4 generations per century), i.e. by 148.
·
@25 markers, i.e. only markers 1-25 are compared.
However, in this case the result of simple division is multiplied by 37/25 to
arrive at figures adequate for 37 markers tests.
·
@@The same result has been obtained for the 67 markers
haplotype.
·
*** Average mutation rate is calculated only for those
clans which can deliver at least 10 documented results. This average is
calculated in the following way : 20 % of minimal, as well as 20 % of maximal
results, are being discarded; the average is being calculated from the
remaining 60 % of all the results among the clan.
·
1 By courtesy of
Lukasz Lubicz-Lapinski and his Lapinski Clan Y-DNA project (l-lapinski@wp.pl; http://www.familytreedna.com/public/Lapinski)
·
2 By courtesy of
Stanislaw J. Plewako (http://www.familytreedna.com/public/Plewako/default.aspx?section=yresults)
·
3 By courtesy of Hannu Tawast (hannu.tawast@pp.inet.fi)
·
4 By courtesy of Robert Venter (venter.genealogy@comcast.net)
Genetic distance |
-6 |
-5 |
-4 |
-3 |
-2 |
-1 |
0 (Perfect match) |
+1 |
+2 |
+3 |
+4 |
+5 |
+6 |
Background |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Column Raw |
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 |
35 |
36 |
37 |
Additional Markers |
Markers
non matching either those of the mo- dal
Rurikid (green) or |
Remarks |
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41 |
46 |
57 |
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Surname
and (the 1st) given
name (FINNISH MONOMAKH BRANCH) |
Number displayed
here with coloured background indicates a kinship |
Father’s given name |
Date of
birth (Also most distant ances- tor) |
Place of
birth |
Haplo- group (in blue determi- ned by SNP test) |
D Y S 3 9 3 |
D Y S 3 9 0 |
D Y S 19/ 3 9 4 |
D Y S 3 9 1 |
D Y S 3 8 5 a |
D Y S 3 8 5 b |
D Y S 4 2 6 |
D Y S 3 8 8 |
D Y S 4 3 9 |
D Y S 3 8 9 _1 |
D Y S 3 9 2 |
D Y S 3 8 9 _2 |
D Y S 4 5 8 |
D Y S 4 5 9 a |
D Y S 4 5 9 b |
D Y S 4 5 5 |
D Y S 4 5 4 |
D Y S 4 4 7 |
D Y S 4 3 7 |
D Y S 4 4 8 |
D Y S 4 4 9 |
D Y S 4 6 4 a |
D Y S 4 6 4 b |
D Y S 4 6 4 c |
D Y S 4 6 4 d |
D Y S 4 6 0 |
G A T A H 4 |
Y C A II a |
Y C A II b |
D Y S 4 5 6 |
D Y S 6 0 7 |
D Y S 5 7 6 |
D Y S 5 7 0 |
C D Y a |
C D Y b |
D Y S 4 4 2 |
D Y S 4 3 8 |
3 9 5 S 1 b |
4 0 6 S 1 |
D Y S 5 2 0 |
Woroniecki (violet)
or Trubetsky
(pink) or Mozarowski (yellow
field), respectively |
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Modal Haplotype N2-A1 |
Pink background in this |
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Pink background in this |
(^) |
13 |
23 |
14 |
10 |
12 |
13 |
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10 |
13 |
14 |
30 |
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14 |
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10 |
It seems that these markers |
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Modal Haplotype N2-A2 |
column indicates a person |
|
column indicates a person |
(^) |
13 |
23 |
15 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
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11 |
13 |
14 |
30 |
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14 |
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11 |
and especially 395S1b |
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Modal Haplotype N3a
(N1c1) |
whose princely descent
is |
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whose princely descent
is |
(^) |
14 |
23 |
14 |
11 |
11 |
13 |
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10 |
14 |
14 |
30 |
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14 |
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10 |
are invariant in a |
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Modal Haplotype N3a2 |
proved with documents |
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confirmed by family tradition |
(^) |
14 |
23 |
14 |
10 |
11 |
13 |
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10 |
14 |
14 |
30 |
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14 |
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