CADWALADER/

CADWALLADER

 

Compiled by: Andrew L. Moore

336 Sarver Road, Sarver  PA  16055

Email: PAmoores@juno.com

Dated: 1 December 2005

 

CADWALADER/CADWALLADER

 

 

The following was excerpted exactly and in its entirety from the article The Descendants of John Cadwallader by Le Roy Linn.

 

The Descendants of John Cadwallader

Ancient and Medieval Wales and

The Cadwallader and Quaker Traditions

By Le Roy Linn

Remarks in [ ] added by Andrew L. Moore

 

The first known inhabitants of Wales were Iberians [the present day Iberian Peninsula contains the countries of Portugal and Spain], who were short, dark and of Spanish-Portuguese extraction.  When the Celts, who were from northern Europe and were fair, not necessarily fair haired but of fair skin and tall, invaded northern Wales, they forced the Iberians into the southern part of Wales and by utilizing the almost impenetrable mountain fastnesses strategically, they were able to resist invasions of the Romans, Angles, Saxons and Normans.  There the royal tribes of Wales lived for centuries and maintained the most pure blood of the Celtish stock of Great Britain and Europe.  The extravagantly scenic grandeur of northern Wales lends itself to the mystic part of the royal heritage of Wales.  There are still traces of the Iberian element in the peoples of southern Wales and the later emigrants of Wales to the coal mining areas of Pennsylvania.

Northwestern Wales is considered a region of fabulous beauty with its mountains, lakes and ancient castles.  It is referred to as the fabled land of song and story, only the fables were more truth than fiction.  Wales still keeps its bright flame of individuality.  Its people are poetic and musical - especially given to choir singing. 

One of the last ancient kings was Cadwaladr of Gwynedd, Cadwalader Ap Cadwallon (Lloyd vol. 1, p. 230) "After the fall of Cadwallon, the house of Cunedda was represented by his son Cadwaladr, who was king among the Britians in the days of Oswy of Northumbria.  None of his deeds are recorded yet he must have been a  figure of some distinction, for the bands of later ages regarded his name as one to conjure with.….He died in the great plague of 664"  “the church of Eglays Ael or Llandawaldr in Anglesey claims him as its patron saint and founder, some two miles east from Abertfraw in Anglesey."  On a modern map of Anglesey (part of northern Wales) is a small bay near Abertfraw called Portcadaladr.

Cadwalader or Cadwallader (encyclopedia of Names and Places) surnamed the "Blessed" died probably in 664 a British King.  He was the son of Cadwallon, King of Gwynedd, whom he succeeded in 634.  He obtained great fame by the heroic exploits which he performed in the defense of Wales against the Saxons and holds a high place in Welsh tradition and poetry.  According to the prophecy of Merlin, he is one day to return to the world to expel the Saxons from the land.  He came in time to be regarded as a saint, hence his surname the "Blessed".  Undoubtedly many Cadwalladers today are descended from those ancient kings.  The banner of king Cadwaladr was emblazoned with the red dragon, and even today Wales bears the red dragon on its heraldic symbol.  The name CADWAL(L)ADER in Welsh means "Valiant in Battle" and rings with its Celtic sound.

The religion of ancient Celtic Wales was a nature religion conducted by their priests or leaders called Druids.  When Christianity came in the sixth century, the Celtic Church was formed.  That continued until after Rome set up its Pope-controlled Catholic Church.  Roman Catholicism was resisted for a while but in 664 at the Syned of Whitby, the differences between the Celtic Church and the Roman Church were adjusted with Roman influence prevailing.  Both Henry VIII and later Queen Elizabeth were instrumental in breaking the hold of Roman Catholicism and the Anglican Church was established and became increasingly more powerful.

In 1282 Edward I of England partially conquered northern Wales.  He built the beautiful castle of Caernarvon.  Here his son, Edward II the first English Prince of Wales, was born in 1284.  Other English nobles built castles in the mountains round about.  The Welsh were hightly rebellious and antagonistic to the English until the coronation of Henry VII.  His father, the Welsh born Owen Tudor, married the widow of Henry V of England.  Their son Henry Tudor, after his victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field, were he defeated Richard III, became King Henry VII in 1485.  When he entered London for his coronation with the red dragon flag of Cadwaladr born before him, it was thought that Wales had recovered its independence again, but the Act of the Union of 1536 united Wales to England with only the graceful heritage of a Price of Wales to soothe them.  Since that time, the first born son of the English Kings has been called the Prince of Wales.  The present Price Charles of England was made Price of Wales on July 1, 1969, at the castle of Caernarvon with much pomp and heraldry.

The Friends, or Quakers as they are popularly called, had their rise in the turbulent years of the English Commonwealth period (1642-1660).  The founder of the movement was George Fox.  He was a born leader and a spiritual genius and drew many groups to him who were eager for a more complete reformation of the Church.  The movement spread in England in the face of fierce and brutal persecution, and from 1657 onward the Quakers sought refuge in America.  William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, was one of the notable figures of the Society of Friends.  The movement had spread to Wales, and because of the simplicity of the Faith, was adopted by many of the most educated and the highest gentry of the land.  William Penn was himself an aristocrat, who was practically disinherited by his family for becoming a Quaker, as most of the English Quakers were of the middle class.

William Penn was friendly with the Indians, bargained with them and took possession of Pennsylvania, where he started his "Holy Experiment". He was very pleased to have many Welsh Quakers from the highest social order to contact him to purchase 30,000 acre to settle in eastern Pennsylvania.  The earliest settlers of the Welsh Tract were peers of William Penn and planned to establish an exclusive Welsh Quaker Barony, but the experiment failed. Later they bargained with Penn for 20,000 acres to add to the tract and more Welsh Quakers came and later some Welsh Presbyterians and Baptists.  The towns in this great Welsh Tract - Bryan Mawr, Gwynedd, Bala Cynwood, Berwyn, Wyncote, Chalfonte, Malvern and Merion [all in eastern Pennsylvania - near Philadelphia] - are Celtic in sound and origin.

For many years after Great Britain and may European nations used surnames, Wales still used only one name, and the term "son of" was written "ap" with always the son's name first and continuing back through the father as John ap Hugh ap Thomas.  When Wales started using surnames, the same Cadwal(l)ader was always a given name or first name, and it was not used as a surname until after the immigrants landed in America.  Mothers in Wales often named their sons Cadwal(l)ader in honor of King Cadwaladr just as they named sons Arthur after the fabled King Arthur of ancient Welsh fame.  That is the reason it is practically impossible to trace the Cadwal(l)ader lineage back in Wales with any certainty.  Dr. Rawlins Cadwallader in his History said: "I have many Welsh parish records of births and deaths.  They are impossible to trace as a family and I am perforced to start from four heads of families who came to Philadelphia.  All four were Friends [Quakers], all four had well defined descendants, all four admitted relationship, and may have been cousins.  The records of the original meetings in Wales under George Fox might clear it all up but I have not located them.  They are probably lost."  He goes on to say "There was a peculiar tradition in early Pennsylvania that the families were descendants of three brothers.  It was wide-spread and undoubtedly referred to the three original Johns.  Unfortunately, the early minutes are not complete.  A more exhaustive search might add the missing proof but of this I am doubtful."

The three Johns that he is referring to are: John Calwalader of Merion and then of Philadelphia, John Cadwallader of Horsham and then of Warminster, and John Cadwalader of Randor.  The fourth line is Robert Cadwallader or Cadwallader Roberts as he was later called.  His male descendants carry the name Roberts.  John Cadwalader of Philadelphia [PA] was from Bala, Merionethshire [Wales]; John Cadwalader of Horsham [PA] from Montgomeryshire [Wales]; John Cadwalader of Randor [PA] from Radnorshire [Wales]; and Cadwallader Roberts from Bala, Merionethshire [Wales].  These counties in Wales connect and are a small tract of some 15 miles by 45 miles.  As there was much intermarriage between Quaker families both in Wales and the early United States, a certain amount of relationship would likely exist."

 

 

 

John Cadwalader

(All this information, much typed verbatim, comes from Le Roy Linn's article "The Descendants of John Cadwalader").

 

John was born circa 1676 in Montgomery Shire, Wales, United Kingdom.  He was a minister among the Society of Friends (Quakers) and adhered to the Quaker calendar which began with March as the first month of the year.  According to several sources, he emigrated from Wales to Pennsylvania in 1697.  He married twice: (1) Mary Cassel on 28 May 1701 at the Abington Quaker Monthly Meeting in Abington, Montgomery Co PA, and (2) Margaret Peters on 29 Apr 1730.  Margaret was a widow living in Warmister, PA at the time of her marriage to John.  He conducted several missionary journeys - home and abroad and died 26 Sep 1742 in Tortola, West Indies.  After John died, Margaret remarried a Rees Nancy and died in 1748 childless.  She willed her estate to nephews, nieces and friends – but not to any Cadwaladers.

 

Mary Cassel, John's first wife, was the daughter of Joannes and Mary Cassel.  She died on 8 Nov 1728 and is buried in Horsham, Montgomery Co PA.  Joannes was a Quaker and a weaver and one of the founders of Germantown, PA.  He migrated from Kresheim in the Palatinate, High Germany to the United States on 20 Dec 1686.  He had five children: Arnold, Peter, Elizabeth, Mary and Sarah.  He died 17 Feb 1691 and is buried in Germantown, PA. 

 

The following memorial to Mary (Cassel) Cadwalader was submitted by the Abington MM to the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting in 1758:  “On 8 Nov 1728 died Mary Cadwalader, the wife of John Cadwalader, deceased.  She was appointed and Elder for Horsham Particular Meeting, and died in that station.  She was inoffensive in Life and Conversation; discreet and careful in management of her husband's affairs when he was abroad in Truth's Service; aged near 50 years, was buried at Horsham."

 

According to Lee Roy Linn, the author of  The Descendants of John Cadwalader, John and Mary lived at Horsham, PA on a tract of land acquired from Samuel Carpenter on 16 Dec 1702 which was next to the present Horsham MM (Quaker Monthly Meeting House) land.  They were members of the Society of Friends at Abington PA.  In 1714 John was instrumental in helping establish a small log meeting house at Horsham on 50 acres of land granted by the widow of Samuel Carpenter.  The Horsham MM was a part of the Abington MM until it became large enough to establish itself as an independent Monthly Meeting.

 

The minutes of the Abington MM lists that in:

1716 - John Cadwalader was appointed to visit families on a religious visit to New England.

1719 - Certificate to visit Barbados but did not go at this time.

1721 - Certificate to visit Great Britain.

1724 - Certificate to visit Long Island.

1732 - Certificate to visit Great Britain and Ireland.

1740 - Certificate to visit Virginia and North Carolina.

1742 - Certificate to visit the Island of Tortola in the West Indies of the Caribbean Sea. 

 

On 12 Aug 1742, John sailed from Philadelphia for the island of Tortola.  He contracted “fever“ and died there on 26 Sep 1742.  He is buried on the island.  By 1900, traces of the church's foundation were barely discernable and the graves of John and his fellow missionaries were also faintly evident.

 

Prior to his departure, John drew up a will (dated 30 Jul 1742) leaving his wife Margaret (Peters) Cadwalader all of the household goods, one gray house and one cow.  His daughter-in-law Mary and grandson Isaac each received 5 pounds (British Pound Sterling).  The balance of his estate was divided between his children: John, Jacob, Joseph, Benjamin, Sarah, Jane, Mary and Martha.

 

The following memorial to John Cadwalader was submitted by the Abington MM to the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting in 1758: "Our friend John Cadwalader of Horsham, was convinced of the Principles of Truth when young; had a gift in the ministry bestowed on him in which he was serviceable; underwent many deep baptizing seasons, by which it is believed he was in good degree an overcomer.  He traveled much in the exercise of his gift, having visited his Brethren in Truth's service in most, or all, the parts of this continent where Friends reside; and crossed the Seas twice to Europe on the same account; and once to the island of Barbados.  He last visit was to the island of Tortola.  He was taken indisposed on his passage thither before he landed, yet proceeded on the service he went up for the satisfaction of Friends there, but is distemper increasing upon him.  He departed this life in Peace, on said Island of Tortola, on the 9 Sep 1742, aged near 66 years."

 

The children of John and Mary (Cassel) Cadwalader were:

 

1.       Sarah, born 1702, married John Bond in 1724.

2.       John, born 19 Jun 1703, married Elizabeth Hinkson 19 Jun 1728 and died 15 Mar 1785.

3.       Abraham, born circa 1705, did not marry.

4.       Jane, born 1707, married Robert Comly circa 1727, died 1755.

5.       Isaac, born 1709, married twice: (1) Margaret Roberts circa 1730, (2) Mary Roberts circa 1738 and died 1739.

6.       Mary, born 1711, married Benjamin Eaton 1732.

7.       Jacob, born 1713, married Magdalen Conrad 27 Aug 1733, died 1779.

8.       Martha, born 1716, married Ellis Roberts 1735.

9.       Joseph, born 16 Nov 1717 Horsham, Montgomery Co PA, married Mary Williams 27 Jun 1739 Gwynedd Quaker Monthly Meeting, Gwynedd, Montgomery Co PA, died 24 Sep 1789 Redstone, Fayette Co PA.

10.   Benjamin, born 1720, married Grace Comly 1742, died 1753.

 

 

Joseph Cadwalader

 

Joseph was born 16 Nov 1717 in Horsham, Montgomery Co PA.  He married Mary Williams on 27 Jun 1739 at the Gwynedd Quaker Monthly Meeting, Gwynedd, Montgomery Co PA.  Joseph died 24 Sep 1789 in Redstone, Fayette Co PA.  Joseph was a farmer and pioneer.  He sold his land in Warmister (deeded him by his father) to his brother Jacob and left for Fairfax, Fairfax Co VA.  He migrated from Fairfax to Fayette Co PA. 

 

Mary Williams was born on 27 June 1718.

 

The children of Joseph and Mary (Williams) Cadwalader were:

 

1.       Rees, born 18 Jan 1742, married twice: (1) Ruth Perkins 9 Oct 1767, (2) Elizabeth Sharpless 1 Sep 1790, died 1800.

2.       Catherine.  Was dismissed from the Monthly Meeting.

3.       Affinity, married ______ McGrath 27 Oct 1770 "out of meeting".

4.       Isaac "married out of meeting".

5.       Joseph, born 1749, married Mary ________.

6.       John, born 10 Mar 1750 Gwynedd, Montgomery Co PA, married Sarah Jamison 1771, died 22 Feb 1826 Stillwater, Tuscarawas Co OH.

7.       Septimus, born 1751, married Sarah Dallas 28 Nov 1778.

 

 

John Cadwalader, Sr.

 

John was born 10 Mar 1750 and married Sarah Jamison in January of 1771.  He died 22 Feb 1826 Stillwater, Tuscarawas Co OH.

 

John received a land patent on 16 Mar 1814 in Harrison Co OH (SE Section 19 (or 12, conflicting sources), Township 11, Range 7) near Freeport OH……this was the same township in which Daniel Easley had obtained his land patent earlier.  Daniel was the father Stephen Easley, the man who married John Cadwalader Jr's daughter Sabina.

 

Sarah Jamison was the daughter of Robert and Mary Jamison.

 

The children of John and Sarah Jamison (Negus) Cadwalader were:    

 

1.       Mary, born 26 Jan 1773, married Elias Brower 19 Feb 1790 Westland, Washington Co PA.

2.       Martha, born 2 Oct 1774, married Israel Wilson 26 Oct 1793, Redstone, Fayette Co PA.

3.       Ruth, born 27 Sep 1776, married (1) William Dawson 30 Mar 1799 at Redstone Monthly Meeting (MM), Fayette Co., PA.  They had four children: Lyia, Susan, Isaac and Sina. William died circa 1806 in PA.  After his death, Ruth married (2) Thomas Buffkin/Bufkin 29 Jul 1809 Plainsfield MM, Flushing, Belmont Co OH and they had 7 children: Samuel, Joh, Bathsheba, Warner, Gulielma, Sarah and Ruth.  Note: Before marrying Ruth, William had previously been married to Sarah Lamb (daughter of George) and they had five children: Benjamin, George, John, Elizabeth and Sarah.  Sarah died sometime before 1799.

4.       John, born 16 Aug 1778 Belmont Co OH, married Ruth Bogue 13 May 1801, died 17 Sep 1866 Fulton Co IL, buried Easley Cemetery, Vermont, Fulton Co IL.

5.       Isaac, born 27 Oct 1781, married Elizabeth Dawson 8 May 1807 Redstone MM, Fayette Co PA, died 26 Jan 1813.  After moving from Fayette Co PA, Isaac received a land patent on 30 Dec 1812 in Harrison Co OH (NE Section 6, Township 11, Range 7).  Elizabeth was the daughter of her sister Ruth's husband, William, and his first wife Sarah Lamb.

6.       Rebecca, born 27 Oct 1782.

7.       Ann, born 26 Jan 1784.

8.       Joseph, born 2 Jun 1786, married twice: (1) Christina Hall 28 Dec 1809 Short Creek, Jefferson Co OH, (2) Ann Wright 2 Sep 1852, died 10 Apr 1863.

9.       David, born 17 Aug 1788, married Sarah Lypsey 27 Feb 1812.

 

 

John Cadwalader, Jr.

 

John was born 16 Aug 1778 in Belmont Co OH.  He married Ruth Bogue on 13 May 1801 and died 17 Sep 1866 in Fulton Co IL.  They were both Quakers (Society of Friends).  Both he and Ruth are buried in the Easley Cemetery, which is just east of Vermont, Fulton Co IL.  I visited this county and located this cemetery back in the early 1990's.

 

Ruth was the daughter of Mark Bogue who received a land grant of 640 acres in North Carolina for his 84-month service as a private in the Continental Army.

 

John received a land patent on 30 Jul 1812 in Harrison Co OH (SW Section 1, Township 11, Rage 6) - which is near Nottingham OH.  His father, John Sr, had received a land patent on 16 Mar 1814 in Harrison Co OH (SE Section 12 or 19, Township 11, Range 7)……this was the same township in which Daniel Easley had obtained his land patent earlier.  Daniel was the father Stephen Easley, the man who married John Cadwalader Jr's daughter Sabina.

 

Ruth was born Jan 1780 and died 18 Jul 1843.  She is the daughter of Mark and Sarah Bogue.

 

The children of John and Ruth (Bogue) Cadwalader were:

 

1.       Ann, born 19 Dec 1801, married John C. Howard 3 Feb 1825, died 2 Dec 1876.

2.       Sarah, born 17 Apr 1804.

3.       Isaac, born 25 Aug 1806, married Elizabeth Ackerson circa 1831, died 6 Sep 1891.

4.       Ruth, born 1 Mar 1809.

5.       John, born 29 Feb 1812, married Allery ______.

6.       Sabina, born 10 Apr 1811 or 1814 in Harrison Co OH (or Fayette Co PA), married Stephen Easley, died 4 Apr or 25 Apr 1851 Ipava, Fulton Co IL, buried Easley Cemetery, Ipava, Fulton Co IL.

7.       Rees, born 16 Sep 1816 OH, married Rhoda K. Easley 29 Dec 1841, did 20 Sep 1880 in Cherokee Co KS.  Was reared on the family farm in Vermont, Fulton Co IL and owned and operated a flouring mill there.  In 1851 he moved to Iowa then in 1866 to present day Cherokee Co KS where he was one of the early settlers in that County.  He occupation in Kansas was farming.  He purchased the SE 1/4 of Section 27, Twp 31, Range 25 in Pleasant View Township.  He served as the Justice of the Peace in Pennsylvania, Illinois and Kansas.

8.       Mary, born 22 Oct 1818.

9.       Jesse K., born 28 Jul 1825, married twice: (1) Eliza Musgrove and (2) Martha Dobbin, died 8 Jun 1888.

 

 

Sabina Cadwalader

 

Sabina was born 10 Apr 1811 (or 1814) in Harrison Co OH (or Fayette Co PA…conflicting souces).  She married Stephen Easley and died 4 Apr (or 25 Apr) 1851 in Ipava, Fulton Co IL.  Both she and Stephen are buried in the Easley Cemetery in Ipava, Fulton Co IL.  To learn more about the descendants of this union, please see the related Easley chapter.

 

 

 

CADAWALADER SOURCES

 

·         Genealogical and historical research I conducted.

·         The Easley Family Tree by Dr. Thomas Charles Gray, Box 705 Vale OR 97918, 1990.

·         The Descendants of John Cadwallader by Le Roy Linn.

·         The History of Cherokee County Kansas edited and compiled by Nathaniel Thompson Allison, A.M., Biographical Publishing Company, Chicago IL 1904.

·         Bogue and Allied Families by Virgil T. Bogue.

·         "Desc. of John Cadwallader" by Anna H. Baker; Hinshaw's Quaker Records; IGI PA and Ohio.

·         Jean Bradley, b-rmotors@softcom.net.