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Thomas S. Twiss Maj.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 (M)
(1803-January 18, 1871), #60
Pop-up Pedigree

     Thomas was born at New York, New York, USA, in 1803. He was the son of Joseph Twiss. Thomas, Joseph Twiss's child, resided with Joseph, at Manchester, Bennington Co., Vermont, USA, after 1804. Thomas was listed on the roll as a student at West Point, Orange Co., New York, USA, in 1822.3,14 Thomas graduated at U.S. Military Academy, West Point, Orange Co., New York, USA, on July 21, 1826. Institution:.16,4 He served as an officer in the military at West Point, Orange Co., New York, USA, after September 8, 1826. After Graduating from West Point Military Acadamy Twiss continued on at West Point as an Assistant Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy, Sept. 8, 1826 to May 12, 1828. He also served as Assistant Engineer in the construction of Ft. Adams in New Port R.I. between 1826-1829..16 He was released from active duty at West Point, Orange Co., New York, USA, on June 30, 1829. He resigned his commission in 1829..17 Thomas's occupation: Professor at Columbia, Richland Co., South Carolina, USA, after 1829. 1829-1847, After resigning his commision with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Twiss entered the private sector and secured a position as Professor of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, and Astronomy at South Carolina College. Possibly located in Columbia, S.C..16 Thomas was an unknown person 's supervisor after 1847, at Spartanburg, South Dakota, USA. Twiss moved about 104 miles to the N.E. from Columbia, S.C to Spartanburg District, S.C. He resided there from 1847-1850..16 Thomas was listed as the head of a family on the 1850 Census at Nunda, Livingston Co., New York, USA.18 Thomas was an unknown person 's supervisor after 1850, at New York, New York, USA.3 He married Elizabeth Sherrill circa 1854.19,20 He resided at Troy, Albany Co., New York, USA, before 1855.3 Thomas received a military promotion at Upper Platte Agency (1846 - 1871), Wyoming, USA, on August 10, 1855. Appointed as the first U.S. Indian Agent in the Dakotas at the Upper Platte District, for the Wild Tribes of the Prairies and the Mountains or as later called the Upper Platte Agency (Deer Creek, Wyoming ) on August 10, 1855. He served as Agent til 1861. His commission expired with the Buchanan's Administration. In 1856, his "Indian policy" was to settle the Indians down on reservations and teach them to farm.

     "As the Sioux Expedition shaped up, Superintendent Thomas Twiss of the Upper Platte Agency attempted to round up for safekeeping at Fort Laramie all Indians considered "Friendly and peaceable." On August 20, 1855, he advised the Secretary of the Interior that he had accounted for four or five principle bands under his jurisdiction-Brule and Oglala Sioux as well as Arapahoe and Cheyenne. Of the mission Indians, Twiss wrote, "The Band which murdered the Mail party is called the Wasazahas [a branch of the southern Brules], and was the Bear's Band before his death [at the Grattan massacre]. I cannot ascertain where this band is, at present, hunting, I expect, however, that my Runners will soon bring news of them". Twiss concluded his report with the assertion: "The Sioux difficulties have been magnified by false and malicious reports. There is not, as I can find, within this Agency, a hostile Indian. On the contrary, all are friendly. [Mattes, Merrill J. The Great Platte River Road, pg.. 317.].11 He married Mary Standing Elk at Platte River Region, Lakota Territory, in September, 1855.21,10 He resided at Fort Laramie (1834 - 1890), Platte Co., Missouri Territory, USA, after 1855.14 Thomas traveled at Fort Laramie (1834 - 1890), Platte Co., Missouri Territory, USA, in May, 1856.      Twiss traveled to Washington, D.C. in May of 1856 to discuss policy with Commissioner Manypenny. He then went to Troy, New York, to visit his family. A member thereof being sick, Twiss was detained until about June 10. 1856. Returning to Washington, he received instructions from the Indian Office, and finally arrived at Bissonette's trading house, near Fort Laramie, on July 31st.. He resided at Powder River Region (MT.), Montana, USA, circa 1861. In 1861, Twiss took his wife and several half-breed children to the Powder River and joined the Oglala's there.. He resided at Deer Creek, Wyoming Territory, USA, before 1864.14 Thomas was listed as the head of a family on the 1870 Census at Rulo, Richardson Co., Nebraska, USA. Apprently at this time the Twiss family was living in near poverty according to the 1870 Census their personal property was only valued at $150.00.22 He resided at Rulo, Richardson Co., Nebraska, USA, circa 1870.      About 1870, the Twiss's took up [40] acres near Rulo, Nebraska, and started to grow fruit, but Thomas S. Twiss died soon after..14 Thomas, as an unknown person 's husband, resided with an unknown person From Stella Dora Twiss:
He took his wife and children to land he owned near Rulo, Nebraska and left them there. They never saw him again. Eventually, his wife's family worrying because they had not heard from her, travelled to Rulo and found the family desperately trying to survive. They brought them back to Fort Robinson and eventually the family relocated to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. Twiss, apparently disenchanted with the government and family life, disappeared into the mountains near Fort Laramie. The post adjutant at Fort Laramie said that Major Twiss passed his life, after his commission expired, in the hills, no one knew just where. Twiss was described as an old gentleman whose long, white, curly hair hung down over his shoulders. His beard had been trimmed Van Dyke fashion. According to the adjutant's account, Twiss dressed as an Indian in buckskin was accompanied by several finely dressed Indian women., at Rulo, Richardson Co., Nebraska, USA, in 1870.22,4,23 Thomas died on January 18, 1871 at Rulo, Richardson Co., Nebraska, USA.14

Last Edited=April 6, 2007

Children of Thomas S. Twiss Maj. and Mary Standing Elk
Fannie Twiss+ b. 1856, d. March 17, 191724,10
Charles Twiss+ b. 1858, d. after 1913
James Twiss+ b. December, 1858, d. June 4, 190724
William Twiss+ b. April 15, 1862, d. January 5, 1944
Frank Twiss b. 1864
Thomas Twiss Jr. b. 186525
Joseph Twiss b. 1866

Citations

  1. [S121] Catherine Price, Chiefs, headmen, and warriors : Oglala politics, 1851-1889, pg. 10-11.
  2. [S95] Remi A. Nadeau, Fort Laramie and the Sioux Indians.
  3. [S35] George W., Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Cullum, Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. from its Establishment, in 1802 to 1890 with the Early History of the United States Military Academy.
  4. [S41] Crazy Horse surrender ledger.
  5. [S96] Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota.
  6. [S6] Hila Gilbert, Big Bat Pourier: guide & interpreter, Fort Laramie, 1870-1880..
  7. [S97] LeRoy R. Hafen, Fort Laramie and the Pageant of the West 1834-1890.
  8. [S98] LeRoy R. Hafen, Relations with Indians of the Plains, 1857-1861; a documentary account of the military campaigns, and negotiations of Indian agents, with reports and journals.
  9. [S99] T.A. Larson, History of Wyoming.
  10. [S40] Virginia I Kain Lautenschlager, History of Cuny Table - 1890-1983.
  11. [S100] Merrill J. Mattes, Great Platte River Road : the covered wagon mainline via Fort Kearny to Fort Laramie..
  12. [S101] Herbert S. Scheel, History of South Dakota.
  13. [S102] Capt. Eugene F. Ware, Indian War of 1864.
  14. [S103] Alban W. Hoopes, Thomas S. Twiss, Indian Agent on the Upper Platte, 1855-1861.
  15. [S2] LeRoy R. ed. Hafen, Mountain men and the fur trade of the Far West., vol. 8, pg. 193-201.
  16. [S35] George W., Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Cullum, Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. from its Establishment, in 1802 to 1890 with the Early History of the United States Military Academy, pg. 365.
  17. [S35] George W., Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Cullum, Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. from its Establishment, in 1802 to 1890 with the Early History of the United States Military Academy, pg 365.
  18. [S169] 1850, Federal.
  19. [S399] Patricia Stott, Mike Stevens.
  20. [S421] ALice Hudson, Checklist of Pre-Twentieth Century Women in Cartography.
  21. [S168] Patricia A. Brewer-Stevens Family Research Papers, .
  22. [S46] 1870, Federal.
  23. [S490] Jacqi Bell Dagenais, Michael W. Stevens.
  24. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.
  25. [S157] 1886.

Mary Standing Elk1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 (F)
(June, 1832-March 7, 1917), #61
Pop-up Pedigree

     The nationality of Mary Standing Elk was Oglala Lakota (4/4). Mary was born at Lakota Territory in June, 1832.9,3,10,11,8 She was the daughter of Chief (?) Standing Elk and (?) White Woman. Mary was a Spleen Band of the Oglala Lakota member at Northern Plains after 1832. Her Allotment Num. was 825. She was also a member of the Spleen Band of Oglala..3 She was birth2 in 1836 at Lakota Territory.6 As of September, 1855,her married name was Twiss.12,3 She married Thomas S. Twiss Maj. at Platte River Region, Lakota Territory, in September, 1855.12,3 Mary, as Thomas S. Twiss Maj.'s spouse, resided with him, at Deer Creek, Wyoming Territory, USA, before 1864.13 Mary, as an unknown person 's spouse, resided with an unknown person From Stella Dora Twiss:
He took his wife and children to land he owned near Rulo, Nebraska and left them there. They never saw him again. Eventually, his wife's family worrying because they had not heard from her, travelled to Rulo and found the family desperately trying to survive. They brought them back to Fort Robinson and eventually the family relocated to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. Twiss, apparently disenchanted with the government and family life, disappeared into the mountains near Fort Laramie. The post adjutant at Fort Laramie said that Major Twiss passed his life, after his commission expired, in the hills, no one knew just where. Twiss was described as an old gentleman whose long, white, curly hair hung down over his shoulders. His beard had been trimmed Van Dyke fashion. According to the adjutant's account, Twiss dressed as an Indian in buckskin was accompanied by several finely dressed Indian women., at Rulo, Richardson Co., Nebraska, USA, in 1870.14,2,15 She resided at Whetstone Agency (1869-1873), Nebraska, USA, circa 1871, After the death of her husband, (Thomas S. Twiss) Mary moved her family to the Whetstone Agency on the Missouri River of Nebraska in the Spring of 1871. She later moved with the Oglalas to Red Cloud Agency to be with her Oglala relatives..3,15 She resided at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Dakota Territory, USA, after 1876, "Mrs., Twist [Twiss] (pp. 34, 70), a full-blooded Oglala woman and the widow of Thomas S. Twiss. Indian Agent for the Upper Platte Agency from 1855 to 1861. Mgr. Twiss died at Rulo, Nebraska, in the early 1870's and his family then joined the Oglalas at Red Cloud Agency.
     As Army officers visited the Twiss home-for the entry on page 70 carries with it an "h" notation which I believe to signify "house" or, more specifically, log cabin-one can wonder whether either Lieutenant Calhoun or Lieutenant John was aware the late husband of the woman, and father of the teenage-age boys, Jimmy and Charles, who are mentioned on the census, was an honor graduate of the United States Military Academy. Twiss ranked number two in the class of 1826 at West Point and was a classmate of, among others, Generals Silas Casey, Samuel P. Heintzelman, and Albert Sidney Johnston of Mexican and Civil War service.
     The Twiss family was one of many listed in the census who belonged to the mixed-blood element of the Oglala tribe." [Crazy Horse surrender Ledger, pp.x-xi.]

     Her family was listed in the Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger of November 8, 1876,She was listed as a "Head of a Household" with a family consisting of: 0 "Bucks", 1 "Squaws", 3 "M. Children", 3 "F. Children". She was also listed with the Oglalas with 0 lodge. [The Crazy Horse surrender ledger, c1994, p.34].
     The Agency Beef issue for December 1876 was recorded in the Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger. In the register "foot" refers to live cattle, while "block" was processed or butchered meat. Some individuals and the Indian families of white agency residents and employees received block issue. Several family heads "clubbed" their ration tickets to total as close to thirty tickets as possible, each ticket representing one person. Each "club" of tickets would receive one head of beef (average weight nine hundred pounds) every ten days for slaughter. [Crazy Horse surrender ledger, (1994), p.13] Mrs. Twist's family received as following: [Crazy Horse surrender ledger., (1994), p.130].

          Beef Record          Sioux
                                   Foot     Block
          7      Twist Mrs.               0     7

     "Family heads received rations corresponding to the number of people for whom they were responsible, this particular figure being recorded during January and February 1877. Surviving issue records from Red Cloud are long paper strips each denoting the band name and the number of families. A family was designated by number, not name, and as the head received the family's rations, an agency clerk punched the corresponding number on the strip." [Crazy Horse surrender ledger, (1994), p.14]. Mrs. Twist's (Twiss) family received 7 ration tickets and is counted with the Sioux. [Crazy Horse surrender ledger., (1994), p.145].
     Mrs. Twist received 1 "hide ticket" on January 30, 1877. These tickets were exchanged for cattle hides by Agency Officials from beef cattle issued on the hoof for food. These tickets were then sold to the agency trader for about $2.50 each. When agency began slaughtering the cattle themselves, Indians were given tickets "in lieu" of hides. This practice was discontinued early in 1877. [Crazy Horse surrender ledger, c1994, p.89]
     She was again listed as a family head the Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger of February 16th, 1877, she was listed with Jimmy and Charles (also as Heads) that included the following: 2 "Adult Males", 2 "Adult Females", 3 "Children Male", 0 "Children Female". She was also listed as Oglala Sioux, under Red Cloud with 3 lodge. [Crazy Horse surrender ledger, c1994, p.70].2 She was given an allotment on the Native American Annuity Payroll at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Dakota Territory, USA, after 1877.3 Mary was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Dakota Territory, USA, in 1886.6 Mary was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Wojaje Community, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, in 1890. Listed as living in the Wojaje Community of the Porcupine District..7 She resided at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, in 1890, According to the tribal census..7 She was listed as Joseph Twiss's mother in a census in 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.8 An unknown person nF was allotted land on the at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in December 18, 1906(!) at 825 - According to a Report on Heirship, Mary Twiss's allottment was located at E/2 of Sec 16 T.40 N., R.43 W., 5th P.M., So. Dak, containing 320 acres. Trust Patent dated 12/18/1906. Allotted under the Act of March 2, 1889 (25 Stat. L. 888). Held in trust.(! under the number of (an unknown value)(!).5 Mary died on March 7, 1917 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, at age 84.5

Last Edited=July 5, 2007

Children of Mary Standing Elk and Thomas S. Twiss Maj.
Fannie Twiss+ b. 1856, d. March 17, 1917
Charles Twiss+ b. 1858, d. after 1913
James Twiss+ b. December, 1858, d. June 4, 1907
William Twiss+ b. April 15, 1862, d. January 5, 1944
Frank Twiss b. 186412
Thomas Twiss Jr. b. 18656
Joseph Twiss b. 1866

Citations

  1. [S121] Catherine Price, Chiefs, headmen, and warriors : Oglala politics, 1851-1889.
  2. [S41] Crazy Horse surrender ledger.
  3. [S40] Virginia I Kain Lautenschlager, History of Cuny Table - 1890-1983.
  4. [S104] Thomas Twiss-Mary Standing Elk, Family Trees Chart.
  5. [S50] Mary Twiss, .
  6. [S157] 1886.
  7. [S47] 1890.
  8. [S158] 1896.
  9. [S71] 1900 South Dakota, soundex extraction.
  10. [S139] Edward Jacobs, Mike Stevens.
  11. [S25] .
  12. [S168] Patricia A. Brewer-Stevens Family Research Papers, .
  13. [S103] Alban W. Hoopes, Thomas S. Twiss, Indian Agent on the Upper Platte, 1855-1861.
  14. [S46] 1870, Federal.
  15. [S490] Jacqi Bell Dagenais, Michael W. Stevens.

Chief (?) Standing Elk1 (M)
(circa 1810-after 1875), #62
Pop-up Pedigree

     The nationality of Chief (?) Standing Elk was Hunkpapa/Arikara. (?) was born circa 1810. He was the son of (?) Swift Hawk and Unknown Swift Hawk?. He married (?) White Woman circa 1830.
Chief Standing Elk 1st Lieut. to Chief Little Wound & Chief Black Horse. Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver Public Library
He attended a meeting at Spotted Tail Agency, South Dakota, USA, in June, 1875. Whether this is the right Standing Elk but a reference to this man was made in Black Elk's Religion (Holler, Clyde © c1995, pp.58) a reference to Standing Elk as Spotted Tail's head warrior and as attending a Sun Dance in June 1875, at the Spotted Tail Agency on Beaver Creek, Nebraska, between that agency and another encampment of Sioux 40 miles west near the headwaters of the White river. Near both Ft. Robinson and Red Cloud Agency, in a plain between the forks of Chadron Creek. There were a reported (by Frederick Schwatka) nearly 8,000 Brule and another 6,500-7,000 Sioux (presumably Oglalas from the Red Cloud Agency) that joined the Sun Dance. This was one of a few times a white person was able to attend the Dance with the help of Spotted Tail and Standing Elk. They both helped interpret the ceremonies for him. This was perhaps one of the first documented description of a Lakota Sun Dance..2 (?) died after 1875.

Last Edited=March 5, 2007

Children of Chief (?) Standing Elk and (?) White Woman
(?) He Crow b. circa 1830, d. after 1891
Mary Standing Elk+ b. June, 1832, d. March 7, 1917

Citations

  1. [S104] Thomas Twiss-Mary Standing Elk, Family Trees Chart.
  2. [S49] Clyde Holler, Black Elk's Religion.

(?) White Woman1 (F)
(circa 1810-after 1835), #63

     (?) was born circa 1810. As of circa 1830,her married name was (?) Standing Elk. She married Chief (?) Standing Elk circa 1830. (?) died after 1835.

Last Edited=November 12, 2005

Children of (?) White Woman and Chief (?) Standing Elk
(?) He Crow b. circa 1830, d. after 1891
Mary Standing Elk+ b. June, 1832, d. March 7, 1917

Citations

  1. [S104] Thomas Twiss-Mary Standing Elk, Family Trees Chart.

Benjamin Janis1,2,3 (M)
(1864-November 10, 1939), #64
Pop-up Pedigree

     Benjamin Janis was Catholic. The nationality of Benjamin Janis was Oglala Lakota (1/2). Benjamin Janis was also known as Stump Janis. Benjamin was born at North Platte River Region, Wyoming Territory, USA, in 1864.4,5,6,7 He was the son of Nicholas Janis and Martha He Bear.4 He resided at North Platte River Region, Wyoming Territory, USA, after 1864. He moved on February 16, 1877 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA. An unknown person nF was enrolled with the Oglala Sioux enrollment number OS-709.(!) and assigned an enrollment number of Oglala Sioux enrollment number OS-709.(!).4 He resided at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, after 1877,      He was listed a family head under his mother's camp on the Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger of February 16th, 1877, included with his family was Nick Jr. and Louis Shangrue as adults that included the following: 3 "Adult Males", 4 "Adult Females", 6 "Children Male", 2 "Children Female". He was counted with Red Cloud's Oglala Band, with1 lodge. [Crazy Horse surrender ledger. : Lincoln, Neb.: Nebraska State Historical Society, c1994, p.71]

     We find that the Ben Janis Family attended Our Lady of Lourdes Mission or the St. Paul's Catholic Church at Porcupine, S.D. for their Sunday services. The following passage relates this information:

     "The size and antiquity of the cemetery on a hill a couple of miles south of Sharp's corner indicates that St. Paul's Catholic church is one of the oldest on the Pine Ridge Reservation." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 45]

     As a new Frame church was constructed about 1901 the following quote was found that describes the congregation:

     "Slowly a congregation was built up: Jim Grass, the Iron Clouds, Louis Bush; and farther down the creek were Ben Janis, the Twisses, John Pourier-all with large families." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 45]

     "Ben Janis Allotment was Sec. 34, Twp 40, Range 43. He sold the South half to Ben Roberts, soon after it was allotted. I [Frank Read] bought this land from Ben Roberts about 1920. A few years later the North half was sold for taxes. I bought it and deeded the west quarter back to Ben Janis. There was no improvements on the land I bought from Ben Roberts. I fenced it and put on all the improvements." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 61-61].1,2 He married Susanna Richard at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in 1882.4,6,5,7 Benjamin was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in 1886.5 Benjamin was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in August, 1896.6 Benjamin was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1904.7 He applied for homestead land at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on September 26, 1907.8 Benjamin died on November 10, 1939 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.4

Last Edited=February 16, 2007

Children of Benjamin Janis and Susanna Richard
Wallace Janis b. 1882, d. before 1896
James Janis+ b. 1889, d. April 20, 19684
Bessie Janis+ b. 1890, d. May 12, 19734
Aggie Janis+ b. 1896, d. June 21, 19784
Benjamin Philip Janis Jr.+ b. 1896, d. August 27, 19474
Pearl Janis+ b. 1898, d. January 4, 19704
Francis Janis+ b. August 7, 1898, d. September 20, 19804
Raymond Janis+ b. 1901, d. April 12, 19704
Ellen Janis+ b. 1904, d. September 14, 19324

Citations

  1. [S41] Crazy Horse surrender ledger.
  2. [S44] Big Foot Historical Society, Reservation round-up : stories of pioneer days in the settling of the Pine Ridge Reservation area.
  3. [S121] Catherine Price, Chiefs, headmen, and warriors : Oglala politics, 1851-1889.
  4. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.
  5. [S157] 1886.
  6. [S158] 1896.
  7. [S159] 1904.
  8. [S80] Bureau of Land Management, Shannon Co. SD -- Federal Land Records.

Susanna Richard1,2,3,4 (F)
(circa January, 1861-1927), #65
Pop-up Pedigree

     Susanna Richard speaks (an unknown value). She was Catholic.2 She speaks (an unknown value). The nationality of Susanna Richard was Oglala Lakota. Susanna was born at Fort Laramie Region, Wyoming, USA, circa January, 1861.4,5,6 She was the daughter of Peter Richard and Louise Red Cloud. Conflicting evidence states that Susanna was born at Fort Laramie Region, USA, in 1866. An unknown person nF was enrolled with the Oglala Sioux Enrollment #OS-4133(!) and assigned an enrollment number of Oglala Sioux Enrollment #OS-4133(!).4 She resided at North Platte River Region, Wyoming Territory, USA, after May, 1871. Was probbably with her Grandfather Red Cloud's Villages on the North Platte near Fort Laramie in the Winter of 1871.. She resided at White River Region, Dakota Territory, USA, after 11, 1871.      We find that the Ben Janis Family attended Our Lady of Lourdes Mission or the St. Paul's Catholic Church at Porcupine, S.D. for their Sunday services. The following passage relates this information:

     "The size and antiquity of the cemetery on a hill a couple of miles south of Sharp's corner indicates that St. Paul's Catholic Church is one of the oldest on the Pine Ridge Reservation." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 45]

     As a new Frame church was constructed about 1901 the following quote was found that describes the congregation:

     "Slowly a congregation was built up: Jim Grass, the Iron Clouds, Louis Bush; and farther down the creek were Ben Janis , the Twisses, John Pourier-all with large families." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 45]
     "By 1916, the country was booming with horses, at top prices due to the war time plans for using horse drawn cannon and Cavalry in Europe. Neighbor's boys found jobs easily as cowboys, mail carriers, clerks in stores, etc. Some of my brothers liked cowboying best. Bob Brewer started clerking in the Corder Store in Pine Ridge. Philip Janis, son of neighbor Ben Janis, Sr., and Susannie Reshaw, became a mail carrier." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 3-4]. Susanna, an unknown person 's child, resided with an unknown person , at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, circa 1877. Susanna was confirmed at Holy Cross Church, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on July 4, 1880. "From Reservation Roundup (1968), pp. 1 "Early History of Holy Cross Church, Pine Ridge":

     "The first Confirmation Services were on July 4, 1880, the Sixth Sunday after Trinity, by Bishop William Hobart Hare. The names of those confirmed were: George Sword, Antoine Marshall, Susan Richard, Ellen Tasinatowin, Eliza Morrison, James Williamson, Mary Williamson.".2 As of 1882,her married name was Janis.4,5,6,7 She married Benjamin Janis at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in 1882.4,6,5,7 She was listed as Benjamin Janis's wife in a census in 1886 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.5 Susanna Richard was war in January, 1891 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Wounded Knee Creek, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA; "Sometime between a January 8-12, 1891 in the following the Wounded Knee Massacre we find the following citation about Suzanne Richards. The aged Chief Red Cloud had been among those who fled from his home in Pine Ridge and had taken refuge in the Stronghold. There, as discontent developed, he sent word out that he was being held captive by the ghost dancers. When no one came to his rescue he had his son smuggle him out of the camp. Blind and helpless, he was actually fired upon by his own tribesmen, indicating the fanatical desperation of the people at the time.
     His "courageous daughter" led him through a howling blizzard to his home in Pine Ridge.20 In telling this event, David H. Miller does not name the daughter, but since he does indicate elsewhere that Pete Richards was at the camp, Mrs. McGaa thinks it may have been Pete's wife, Suzannie. (Pete Richards was Mrs. McGaa's uncle.) [History of Cuny Table, pg. 14].1 She was listed as Benjamin Janis's wife in a census in August, 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.6 She was listed as Benjamin Janis's wife in a census on June 30, 1904 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.7 She applied for homestead land at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Bennett Co., South Dakota, USA, on December 10, 1908.8 Susanna's occupation: Mail Carrier at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, after 1916. "By 1916, the country was booming with horses, at top prices due to the war time plans for using horse drawn cannon and Cavalry in Europe. Neighbor's boys found jobs easily as cowboys, mail carriers, clerks in stores, etc. Some of my brothers liked cowboying best. Bob Brewer started clerking in the Corder Store in Pine Ridge. Philip Janis, son of neighbor Ben Janis, Sr., and Susannie Reshaw, became a mail carrier." [Reservation Roundup, pg. 3-4].2 Susanna died in 1927 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.4

Last Edited=February 15, 2007

Children of Susanna Richard and Benjamin Janis
Wallace Janis b. 1882, d. before 18965
James Janis+ b. 1889, d. April 20, 19687,4,6
Bessie Janis+ b. 1890, d. May 12, 19734,6,7
Aggie Janis+ b. 1896, d. June 21, 19784,6,7
Benjamin Philip Janis Jr.+ b. 1896, d. August 27, 19474,7
Pearl Janis+ b. 1898, d. January 4, 19704,6,7
Francis Janis+ b. August 7, 1898, d. September 20, 19804,6,7
Raymond Janis+ b. 1901, d. April 12, 19704,6,7
Ellen Janis+ b. 1904, d. September 14, 19324

Citations

  1. [S40] Virginia I Kain Lautenschlager, History of Cuny Table - 1890-1983.
  2. [S44] Big Foot Historical Society, Reservation round-up : stories of pioneer days in the settling of the Pine Ridge Reservation area.
  3. [S121] Catherine Price, Chiefs, headmen, and warriors : Oglala politics, 1851-1889.
  4. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.
  5. [S157] 1886.
  6. [S158] 1896.
  7. [S159] 1904.
  8. [S79] Bennett Co. SD -- Federal Land Records.

Nicholas Janis1,2 (M)
(October 12, 1827-September 13, 1902), #66
Pop-up Pedigree

     Nicholas Janis speaks (an unknown value). The nationality of Nicholas Janis was French/Creole. He was Catholic. He speaks (an unknown value). Nicholas was born at St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, on October 12, 1827.1,2,3,4 He was baptized after October 12, 1827 at St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA.3 He was the son of Antoine St. Charles Janis and Marguerite Thibaut. As of after 1845, Nicholas Janis was also known as Nicholas Janis.5 He resided at Fort Laramie Region, Wyoming, USA, in 1845.5 He married Martha He Bear circa 1845.      "His younger brother Nicholas came out in 1845, married an Oglalla girl named Martha [He Bear], niece of Red Cloud, by whom he had nine children. His Sioux name meant "LongWhite-Man". [From Cragin notes of an interview with Edward Pauls, Canyon City, Nov. 16, 1907, Cragin Collection; statement of Frank F. Alpan; letter from an unidentified missionary in Gordon, Neb., July 31, 1902, Cragin Collection; Letter of Mrs. Elizabeth Janis Mayfield to Leroy R. Hafen, July 24, 1952, in Leroy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Powder River Campaign and Sawyers Expedition of 1865 (Glendale, 1961), 110n.].2,5 Nicholas's occupation: "In the spring of 1858, Antoine and Nick Janis left Fort Laramie with George A. Jackson, Big Phil Gardner, Oliver Schofield, Antoine Lebeau, Jose Merrival and twenty-five Oglalla Sioux under Antoine's brother-in-law Swift Bird, to take a lot of trade goods to John S. Smith's trading post on Cherry Creek. At Cheyenne Pass on Lodgepole Creek they found soldiers building Fort Walbach and some eight hundred Cheyennes camped nearby. They quickly sold all their good and returned to Fort Laramie for more.
      Soon after their return, news arrived at Fort Laramie of the gold strike on Cherry Creek, not many miles south of Antoine's "loveliest place on earth." [George A, Jackson's notes, Frank Hall, History of the State of Colorado, IV (Chicago, 1895), 181; Leroy R. Hafen, ed., "George A. Jackson's Diary, 1858-1859," in Colorado Magazine, XII (1935), 201-03].

In the summer of 1858 news of a gold discovery at the mouth of Cherry Creek reached Ft. Laramie and immediately the Janis brothers (early trappers) left with Jackson (of Jackson's Hole fame) to the South Platte.

"On September 7 [1858] the same party started out again, prospecting every stream but not finding enough gold to detain them. At the crossing of the Cache la Poudre they met five of six hundred Indians under the Arapaho chief Ni-Wot and the Cheyenne chief Big Mouth." [George A, Jackson's notes, Frank Hall, History of the State of Colorado, IV (Chicago, 1895), 181; Leroy R. Hafen, ed., "George A. Jackson's Diary, 1858-1859," in Colorado Magazine, XII (1935), 201-03].

"The Indians asked Antoine if he wanted to settle there. He said he did. A council of braves under Bold Wolf assembled and decided to donate to Antoine Janis, Nick Janis and Elbridge Gerry all the land from the foot of the mountains to the mouth of Box Elder Creek." [Letter of Antoine Janis, Pine Ridge Agency, March 17, 1883. The Land belonged to the      Arapahoes and Cheyennes by terms of the treaty at Fort Laramie, Sept. 17, 1851 (before that it was U.S. Indian land and not open to entry, hence Janis's stake beside the Cache la Poundre was symbolic only). When the same land was ceded in the treaty of Little Arkansas, Oct. 14, 1865, the claim of the Janis brothers and Elbridge Gerry was not mentioned (Charles J. Kappler, Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties (Wash., D.C., 1904), 594-96, 887-91). Antoine Janis had his first land patent recorded in Larimer County, issued May 1. 1867 for 160 acres which he located on the E 1/2 of the SE 1/4 of Sec. 20; W 1/2 of SW 1/4 of Sec. 29, twp. 8 N of R. 69 (Watrous, Larimer County, p. 56).]

"It was many months before Antoine took advantage of the Indians' gift of land. In January 1859, he and Nick were camped on the Big Thompson; later they were at St. Vrain's Fort, advertising themselves as guides for prospectors." [Letter of John W. Jones, Denver City, Jan. 7, 1959, quoted in the (St. Louis) Missouri Republican, Feb. 23, 1859; [LeRoy R. Hafen, Pike's Peak Gold Rush Guidebooks for 1859 (Glendale, 1941), 144].




Excerpt from the Gold Rush Colorado, pg. 206-207:

     [John W. Jones] 254
     Denver City, mouth of the Cherry creek, Jan 7, 1859

...............Our friend Antoine Janiss and his brother Nicholas
are camped on Thompson's along side of a
     large quarry of plaster of paris, very rich indeed.

254     Missouri Republican, February 23, 1859.




     "During the summer [1859], Antoine and Nick Janis and others located the town site of Colona below Antoine's house, had it surveyed and mapped and sold lots for fifty houses." [Letter of Antoine Janis, Pine Ridge Agency, March 17, 1883; Cragin's notes of an interview with Frank Bartolph, Loveland, Colo., Nov. 25, 1903, Cragin Collection.].

Worked with Ben B. Miles and William Guerrier near present day Lusk, Wyoming on the Niobrara River, in the trade business and competed against Ward's Ft. Laramie Trade. At Fort Laramie Region, USA, in 1858.6,7,8,9 Nicholas's occupation: During this period Nicholas worked as a scout and Interpreter at the Upper Platte Agency with his brother Antoine. From Mountain Men, we find the following reference:

"He was appointed Cheyenne interpreter at the Upper Plate Agency at the same time as his brother, and served with him until April 1862. After that he seems to have been a principle yarn-spinner around the pot-bellied stove at the Fort Laramie sutler's store." [Merrill J. Mattes, "Seth E. Ward," in Mountain Men, III, p. 376; John D. McDermott, "Joseph Bissonette," in Mountain Men, IV, p. 59.].
At Big Thompson Creek, Colorado, USA, circa 1859.10 He resided at Denver, Arapahoe Co., Colorado, USA, after 1859, "Nick was at Denver off and on during the winter of 1859 and 1860 and may not have lived at Laporte at all". [Edgar C. McMechen, "The Model of Aurora-Denver of 1860," in Colorado Magazine, XII (1935), 125.].11 Nicholas's occupation: Scout at Platte River Region on August 1, 1865. The following was taken from Capt. H. E. Palmer's account of the Connor expedition:

     We arrived at the south bank of the Platte August 1, 1865 expecting to cross at the LaBonta crossing. 19 The general and his guides and advance guards had arrived the night before, expecting from information furnished by his guides that he would find a good crossing here. Our guides that he would find a good crossing here. Our guides, chief among whom were Maj. James Bridger, Nick Janisse, Jim Daugherty, Mich Bouyer, John Resha , Antoine LaDue, and Bordeaux, 20 were supposed to be thoroughly posted on this country, especially the region so near Fort Laramie, where they had been hundreds of times; but the treacherous Platte was too much for them. The spring flood that had just passed had washed away the crossing, and after ten hours' diligent searching not one of the cavalry escort could find a place to cross the river without swimming his horse and endangering his life.
     19.     La Bonte stage station was near the mouth of La Bonte Creek and about seven miles south of present Douglas, Wyoming.
     20.     They had an outstanding array of scouts. For the first named guides see J.C. Alter, James Bridger, (Salt Lake City, Shepard Book Co., 1925). Nicholas Janise (spelled variously) and his brother Antoine, were traders who inter married with the Indians and whose descendants still live among the northern Sioux. A descendant of Nicholas, Mrs. Elizabeth Janis Mayfield, of Denver, told us on July 24, 1952, that Nicholas Janise had nine children and died about 1906, and is buried at Pine Ridge, South Dak. She says Antoine had 10 or 11 children, and is also buried at Pine Ridge. G.B. Grinnell, Fighting Cheyennes, (New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1915), p 126, says that Nicholas and Antoine Janise were Frenchmen, born in St. Charles County, and were brought out west by James Bordeaux...John Resha, or Richard, had been an Indian trader in the region for more than twenty years. He is frequently mentioned in the literature. [Hafen, Leroy R. Powder River Campaigns and Sawyer Expedition of 1865.].5,12,13 He witnessed the meeting of Chief (?) Dull Knife; The Treaty of Fort Laramie was an agreement between the United States and the Lakota nation, signed in 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War. The treaty included articles intended to "insure the civilisation" of the Lakota; financial incentives for them to farm land and become competitive - and stipulations that minors should be provided with an "English education" at a "mission building". To this end the US government included in the treaty that white teachers, blacksmiths and a farmer, a miller, a carpenter, an engineer and a government agent should take up residence within the reservation. Repeated violations of the otherwise exclusive rights to the land by gold prospectors led to the Black Hills War.

Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868 (Full-Text) http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/four/ftlaram.htm.14,15,16 Nicholas Janis was move in 1880 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Dakota Territory, USA; From Joan Leaneagh's Leaneagh Family Website;

Sometime between 1880 and 1883 both his parents died. I can not find anything about either death or burial for both Peter and Emily. I have stories of Emily's mother Eleonide bringing the children to northern Nebraska and southern South Dakota area, and the census puts them there by 1900.

The Leneaugh's of Mission, SD write that "Dad said to tell you that he knows his father's people came from Missouri. He was told that after (Peter) Justin Leneaugh died working on a bridge on the Missouri River, Grandma (Iott) loaded a covered wagon, took her six kids, along with Antoine and Nick (Janis) headed west to the Ogalala Sioux Reservation where Antoine and Nick worked as interepters between the US government and the Sioux tribes. As payment, they were given land, where they built a log cabin house for them. He said that Suzy was a baby (actually 3 were under 7 years old), so Nick and Antoine found a milk cow along the way for milk." He continues by stating that "Grandmother was an Iott, along the way the Iotts changed the spelling to Iyotte. There are Iyottes presently enrolled members of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe."4 Nicholas died on September 13, 1902 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Porcupine, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, at age 74.1,2,17 His body was interred on September 17, 1902 at Pine Ridge, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, at Holy Rosary Cemetery.

Last Edited=February 24, 2007

Children of Nicholas Janis and Martha He Bear
Emily Janis+ b. 1851, d. September 23, 19122
Unknown Janis+ b. circa 1853
Louise Janis+ b. 1854, d. December 8, 19272
Filla Janis+ b. 1856, d. September 27, 19462
Phillip Janis b. circa 1861, d. 18862
Nicholas L. Janis+ b. 1862, d. May 6, 19032
Benjamin Janis+ b. 1864, d. November 10, 19392
Nellie Janis b. circa 1865, d. 18942
Edward Janis+ b. 1869, d. April 24, 19072

Citations

  1. [S76] William Garnett Sr., family group sheet.
  2. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.
  3. [S170] Index to the Saint Charles County Missouri.
  4. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  5. [S173] Leroy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Powder River Campaign and Sawyers Expedition of 1865.
  6. [S174] LeRoy R ed. Hafen, George A. Jackson's Diary, 1858-1859.
  7. [S175] LeRoy R Hafen, Pike's Peak Gold Rush Guidebooks for 1859.
  8. [S176] Charles J. Kappler, Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties., p.594-96, 887-91.
  9. [S177] Watrous,, Larimer County.
  10. [S2] LeRoy R. ed. Hafen, Mountain men and the fur trade of the Far West., [Merrill J. Mattes, "Seth E. Ward," in Mountain Men, III, p. 376; John D. McDermott, "Joseph Bissonette," in Mountain Men, IV, p. 59.].
  11. [S172] Edgar C. McMechen, Colorado Magazine.
  12. [S178] G.B. Grinnell, Fighting Cheyennes.
  13. [S179] J.C. Alter, James Bridger.
  14. [S467] Morning Star (chief), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dull_Knife.
  15. [S468] Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Laramie_(1868).
  16. [S469] Douglas C. McChristian, Fort Laramie and the U. S. Army
    On the High Plains
    Fort Laramie and the U. S. Army On the High Plains, 1849 – 1890    .
  17. [S168] Patricia A. Brewer-Stevens Family Research Papers, .

Martha He Bear1,2,3,4 (F)
(1824-December 20, 1916), #67
Pop-up Pedigree

     Martha was born in 1824.1,5 She was the daughter of (?) He Bear and (?) Walks On. She resided at Fort Laramie Region, Wyoming, USA, in 1845, From Crawford's Rekindling Camp Fires, we find the following reference to the Mrs. Janis:

     "There were some bushes in the door yard of the ranch. One of the men untied the scalp from the Indian's saddle, scooped out a little hole in these bushes, and buried it, since none of us knew any better method of disposing of it.
     The soldiers from the hay camp and I washed and sat down at the table with the other men. Mrs. Janisse dished up the food and her daughter Emily waited on the table. The bunch of hungry men certainly enjoyed the good meal set before us. The long, low room was used as a combined dining room and kitchen. Mrs. Janisse stepped outside for a moment when she had caught up in the serving, but only a moment. She came running in screaming, and collapsed on the floor. We sprang from the table, grabbed our guns and while buckling on our cartridge belts piled out of the door, expecting to see the war party of Indians back in force. But there was nothing there except a small brown pup tossing up what looked like an old rag. We went back into the house, and when Mrs. Janisse had revived sufficiently she told us that the pup was playing with dead man's scalp. We looked more closely at the pup's plaything, and found it to be true. The scalp was of reddish brown curly hair almost the color of pup's fur. The next time we buried it deep enough that there was no danger of its being dug up." [Rekindling camp fires., c1926., pg. 227-230]
.3 As of circa 1845,her married name was Martha Janis.1,6 She married Nicholas Janis circa 1845.      "His younger brother Nicholas came out in 1845, married an Oglalla girl named Martha [He Bear], niece of Red Cloud, by whom he had nine children. His Sioux name meant "LongWhite-Man". [From Cragin notes of an interview with Edward Pauls, Canyon City, Nov. 16, 1907, Cragin Collection; statement of Frank F. Alpan; letter from an unidentified missionary in Gordon, Neb., July 31, 1902, Cragin Collection; Letter of Mrs. Elizabeth Janis Mayfield to Leroy R. Hafen, July 24, 1952, in Leroy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Powder River Campaign and Sawyers Expedition of 1865 (Glendale, 1961), 110n.].1,6 Martha was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, after February 14, 1877.2,1 An unknown person nF was allotted land on the at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in after 1879(!) at Martha Allottment number was OS-3612.(! under the number of (an unknown value)(!).7 Martha was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in August, 1896.8 Martha was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Medicine Root District, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA, on June 30, 1904.5 Martha was listed as Head of the Household on the Indian Census at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA, in 1909. A Martha Janis was also listed on the 1909 Census as born in 1829, Head of the Household and taking care of the following grandchildren: Louise (B. 1895), Elizabeth, (B. 1898)..9 Martha died on December 20, 1916 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.1,10

Last Edited=February 13, 2007

Children of Martha He Bear and Nicholas Janis
Emily Janis+ b. 1851, d. September 23, 19121
Unknown Janis+ b. circa 1853
Louise Janis+ b. 1854, d. December 8, 19271
Filla Janis+ b. 1856, d. September 27, 19461
Phillip Janis b. circa 1861, d. 18861
Nicholas L. Janis+ b. 1862, d. May 6, 19031
Benjamin Janis+ b. 1864, d. November 10, 19391
Nellie Janis b. circa 1865, d. 18941
Edward Janis+ b. 1869, d. April 24, 19071

Citations

  1. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.
  2. [S41] Crazy Horse surrender ledger.
  3. [S78] Lewis F. Crawford, Rekindling campfire: the exploits of Ben Arnold (Connor) Wosicu Tomaheca..
  4. [S44] Big Foot Historical Society, Reservation round-up : stories of pioneer days in the settling of the Pine Ridge Reservation area.
  5. [S159] 1904.
  6. [S173] Leroy R. Hafen and Ann W. Hafen, Powder River Campaign and Sawyers Expedition of 1865.
  7. [S40] Virginia I Kain Lautenschlager, History of Cuny Table - 1890-1983.
  8. [S158] 1896.
  9. [S199] 1909.
  10. [S168] Patricia A. Brewer-Stevens Family Research Papers, .

(?) He Bear1 (M)
(circa 1800-1828), #68

     (?) was born circa 1800. He married (?) Walks On circa 1824.1 (?) died in 1828.1

Last Edited=January 13, 2001

Child of (?) He Bear and (?) Walks On
Martha He Bear+ b. 1824, d. December 20, 1916

Citations

  1. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.

(?) Walks On1 (F)
(circa 1800-1830), #69

     (?) Walks On was also known as Climbs. (?) was born circa 1800. She was also refered to as Climbs.. She married (?) He Bear circa 1824.1 (?) died in 1830.1

Last Edited=January 13, 2001

Child of (?) Walks On and (?) He Bear
Martha He Bear+ b. 1824, d. December 20, 1916

Citations

  1. [S77] Nicholas Janis-Martha He Bear, family group sheet.

Antoine St. Charles Janis1 (M)
(December 10, 1797-1840), #70
Pop-up Pedigree

     Antoine was born at St. Charles Co., Mississippi, USA, on December 10, 1797.2 He was the son of Antoine Janis Sr. and Mary Louise Dany.2 Antoine St. Charles Janis was baptized on December 27, 1798 at St. Charles Borromeo Church Parish, St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA; |St. Charles Borromeo|.2 He married Marguerite Thibaut at St. Charles Borromeo Church Parish, St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, on May 31, 1818.2 Antoine's occupation: engage at Rocky Mountain Region in 1824. "In 1824, Antoine St. Charles Janis appears to have gone to the Rocky Mountains with H. Ashley's men were the cache on the Cache la Poudre. Ashley's men were camped from Feb 4 to 25, 1825, at the mouth of that river, making "excursions in different directions from our camp", as Ashley wrote. 7

[Dale L. Morgan, The West of William H. Ashley (Denver, 1964), 103.]
     Ashley says nothing about a cache, but A. G. Boone, one of his men, was reported to have said that the Cache la Poudre was named when Ashley's men hid powder under the bank of the river as a temporary deposit "while making short excursions of trade."8 [F. W. Cragin's notes of an interview with Otis B. Spencer, Denver, Sept. 18, 1903, Cragin Collection, Pioneer's Museum, Colorado Springs, Colo. Boone said he came west with Ashley in 1824 at the age of 18 (Cragin's notes of interviews with Mrs. Van Daniel Boone, Walsenburg, Colo., Dec. 7, 1907; with A. W. Archibald, Trinidad, Colo., Dec. 25, 1907; and with George Whitehead, Denver, Oct 21, 1903, Cragin Collection)]
      In later years, Antoine Janis the younger pointed out a large depression near Bellevue, Colorado, saying the "his father helped dig it in the night, carrying the dirt to the river to keep the Indians from knowing where they cached their powder and lead and surplus goods which they didn't want to take to Brown's Hole on Green River where they were going." 9.
[Cragin's notes of an interview with Abner Loomis, Fort Collins, Dec. 4, 1903, Cragin Collection. Ansel Watrous (Larimer County, p. 44) says the cache was made by the younger Janis, then twelve years old, and his father and a large company of American Fur Company trappers with heavily loaded wagons on their way to Green River in November, 1836. Aside from other absurdities in the story such as the wagons, the season and the route, the Cache la Poudre already had its name by 1836 (see "Colonel Dodge's Journal," H. Doc. 181, 24 Cong., I sess., ser. 289, p. 18) and Janis the younger said himself that he first came to Colorado in 1844 (letter of Antoine Janis, Pine Ridge Agency, March 17, 1883, in Watrous, Larimer County, 44).
. Antoine's occupation: engage at Great Salt Lake, Davis Co., Utah, USA, in 1827. Antoine St. Charles Janis was again an engage' of Ashley in 1827, when the trappers spent the summer near the Great Salt Lake. Janis was paid the highest wages in the company except for the two leaders, showing his superior experience and capability.10 [Morgan, William H. Ashley, 165, 172.]. Antoine's occupation: Trader at Rocky Mountain Region after 1832.      Although there are sundry records of Antoine St. Charles Janis at home in St. Charles, 11 [St. Charles (Mo.) County Records.] There are even more to show that he was a mountain man until he died. In 1832 he came to the mountains with William Sublette and a Rocky Mountain Fur Company brigade, and was at the famous rendezvous at Pierre's Hole that summer. 12Sublette's license dated April 25, 1832, lists Janis, as do his accounts from July 1832 until Sept. 1833 (Sublette Papers, Missouri Hist. Soc.) He returned to St. Charles and left again in May 1833, with Robert Campbell and another Rocky Mountain Fur Company brigade. In the fall he built a post fifty miles up the Missouri from the mouth of the Yellowstone at "Frenchman's Point," where, during the winter, he was robbed and nearly murdered by some drunken half-breed of the notorious Deschamps family.. He resided at Big Thompson Creek, Colorado, USA, after 1836. The caching-of-the-powder incident, which gave the stream its name, probably occurred in 1836. Antoine Janis, first settler in the river valley, had been an early trapper and trader in the region. He said that in 1836, as a boy of twelve, he accompanied his father and the party that was detained by a snowstorm and forced to cache some of their supplies, including much powder, beside the river.... [Hafen, LeRoy R., "With fur traders in Colorado, 1839-40 The journal of E. Willard Smith" Colorado Magazine, XXVII, no. 3 (July 1950), pg. 172, n31.]

     "An Antoine Janis is cited in Mountain Men, as living along the Big Thompson Creek were the Oregon Trail or Stage road (crossed at the Mariano Medina Trading Post and toll bridge, later called Namaqua [a marker was place at the site in 1931 by the State Historical Society of Colorado] from Fort Collins to Denver, three miles west of the present town of Loveland Colorado.".
     3,3.1,3 Antoine's occupation: at Rocky Mountain Region, USA, after 1837. From 1837 to 1839 he had an account with the American Fur Company, to which he attached himself after the demise of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company.. Antoine died in 1840 at Yellowstone River Region, USA. According to family tradition, he was killed by Blackfeet on the Yellowstone River in about 1840. [Hafen, LeRoy R., ed. Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, VII, pg. 193-201, (1971) " Antoine Janis", by Janet Lecompte].3

Last Edited=March 31, 2007

Children of Antoine St. Charles Janis and Marguerite Thibaut
Eleonitte Janis+ b. October 5, 18182
Francis Regis Janis b. February 27, 18222
Joseph Antoine Janis+ b. March 26, 1824, d. April 10, 18902
Nicholas Janis+ b. October 12, 1827, d. September 13, 1902
William Edmond Janis+ b. June 26, 1830, d. after 1860

Citations

  1. [S138] LeRoy R Hafen, With fur traders in Colorado, 1839-40 The journal of E. Willard Smith.
  2. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  3. [S2] LeRoy R. ed. Hafen, Mountain men and the fur trade of the Far West..

Marguerite Thibaut (F)
(1798-after 1830), #71
Pop-up Pedigree

     Marguerite was born in 1798.1 She was the daughter of Joseph Thibaut and Therese Barada. As of May 31, 1818,her married name was Janis.1 She married Antoine St. Charles Janis at St. Charles Borromeo Church Parish, St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, on May 31, 1818.1 Marguerite died after 1830.

Last Edited=February 18, 2007

Children of Marguerite Thibaut and Antoine St. Charles Janis
Eleonitte Janis+ b. October 5, 1818
Francis Regis Janis b. February 27, 1822
Joseph Antoine Janis+ b. March 26, 1824, d. April 10, 1890
Nicholas Janis+ b. October 12, 1827, d. September 13, 1902
William Edmond Janis+ b. June 26, 1830, d. after 1860

Citations

  1. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.

Antoine Janis Sr.1 (M)
(March 21, 1765-1840), #72
Pop-up Pedigree

     The nationality of Antoine Janis Sr. was French Creole. Antoine was born on March 21, 1765.2 He was baptized on March 22, 1765.2 He was the son of Nicholas Francois Janis and Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource. He resided at Ste. Genevieve, Commonwealth of Virginia, in 1788. Antoine, Nicholas Francois Janis's child, resided with Nicholas Nicholas Janis, his son Antoine and fifteen slaves moved to Ste. Genevieve on the west side of the Mississippi in 1788 or 1789. One of the homes that they built still stands today and is known as the "the Green Tree Tavern" of "the Ziegler House", at Ste. Genevieve, Commonwealth of Virginia, in 1788.2 He moved after 1788 at Ste. Genevieve, Commonwealth of Virginia. Most of the numerous Janis family remained at Ste. Genevieve, but Antoine, Nicholas, and Pierre moved to St. Charles on the north bank of the Missouri a few miles northwest of St. Louis.. Antoine's occupation: Justice of the Peace at St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, after 1801.      "Antoine was a fur trader, on a small scale. On October 8, 1801, he and others signed a protest against the exclusive trade privileges Governor Delassus had granted other traders. Furious at the signers, the governor implied in a letter to his superior that Janis was no trader at all but only an "inhabitant and cultivator" 5. [A. P. Nasatir, Before Lewis and Clark (St. Louis, 1952), 645, 651, 666-67.] He also later traded with the Osages..3 Antoine's occupation: Justice of the Peace at St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, after 1802. He married Mary Louise Dany at St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, before 1809.2,4 Antoine died in 1840.

Last Edited=February 18, 2007

Child of Antoine Janis Sr. and Mary Louise Dany
Antoine St. Charles Janis+ b. December 10, 1797, d. 18402

Citations

  1. [S2] LeRoy R. ed. Hafen, Mountain men and the fur trade of the Far West..
  2. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  3. [S200] A. P. Nasatir, Before Lewis and Clark.
  4. [S201] Catholic Marriages 1792-1863.

Mary Louise Dany (F)
(circa 1780-after 1810), #73

     Mary was born circa 1780. As of before 1809,her married name was Janis.1 She married Antoine Janis Sr. at St. Charles, St. Charles Co., Missouri, USA, before 1809.1,2 Mary died after 1810.

Last Edited=February 18, 2007

Child of Mary Louise Dany and Antoine Janis Sr.
Antoine St. Charles Janis+ b. December 10, 1797, d. 1840

Citations

  1. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  2. [S201] Catholic Marriages 1792-1863.

Nicholas Francois Janis1 (M)
(January 6, 1720-October 27, 1804), #74
Pop-up Pedigree

     Nicholas was born at Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada, on January 6, 1720.1,2 He was christened at Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada, on January 7, 1720.2 He was the son of Francios Nicholas Janis and Simone Broussead. He married Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource at Kaskaskia, New France, on April 27, 1751.3,4,5,6 He resided at Ste. Genevieve, Commonwealth of Virginia, in 1788, Nicholas Janis, his son Antoine and fifteen slaves moved to Ste. Genevieve on the west side of the Mississippi in 1788 or 1789. One of the homes that they built still stands today and is known as the "the Green Tree Tavern" of "the Ziegler House".5 Nicholas died on October 27, 1804 at Ste. Genevieve, Illinios Country, USA, at age 84.7,6

Last Edited=February 19, 2007

Children of Nicholas Francois Janis and Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource
Mone Felicity Janis+ b. circa 1752, d. May 2, 1807
Antoine Janis Sr.+ b. March 21, 1765, d. 1840
Nicholas Janis b. December 17, 1772
Pierre Janis b. circa 1780

Citations

  1. [S94] René Jetté
    , Jetté Généalogie des Familles du Québec 1600-1730.
  2. [S11] St. Genevieve Catholic Church, St. Genevieve Catholic Church Records.
  3. [S202] Frank F. Alpan, .
  4. [S204] Randolph County IL..
  5. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  6. [S203] Mike Bartelt, Genealogy, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mikebartelt/.
  7. [S116] Tom Stevenson, Ancestors of Thomas Stevenson and Allied Families.

Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource (F)
(January 9, 1736-May 2, 1807), #75
Pop-up Pedigree

     Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource was also known as Marie Louise Tomure dit Lasource. Marie was born at Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada, on January 9, 1736.1,2 She was the daughter of Jean Baptist Thaumer and Marie Francis Rivard. As of April 27, 1751,her married name was Janis.3 She married Nicholas Francois Janis at Kaskaskia, New France, on April 27, 1751.3,4,5,2 Marie died on May 2, 1807 at Kaskaskia, Randolph Co., Illinois Territory, USA, at age 71.1,2

Last Edited=February 19, 2007

Children of Marie Louise Thaumer dit LaSource and Nicholas Francois Janis
Mone Felicity Janis+ b. circa 1752, d. May 2, 1807
Antoine Janis Sr.+ b. March 21, 1765, d. 1840
Nicholas Janis b. December 17, 1772
Pierre Janis b. circa 1780

Citations

  1. [S7] RIN#6441; Type written Genealogy of the Thamure de La Source
    Family from Missouri. Recieved from: Ron Thomure 7428 Pete
    Jenison, Michigan 49428 616-457-9091
    , .
  2. [S203] Mike Bartelt, Genealogy, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mikebartelt/.
  3. [S202] Frank F. Alpan, .
  4. [S204] Randolph County IL..
  5. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.

Francios Nicholas Janis1,2 (M)
(1676-April 27, 1751), #76
Pop-up Pedigree

     Francios Nicholas Janis speaks (an unknown value). The nationality of Francios Nicholas Janis was French. Conflicting evidence states that Francios was born at Argenteuil sur Armençon, Auxerre, Yonne, France, in 1676.1 Francios was born at D'Argenteiul, Champagne, France, in 1676.3 He was the son of Jean Janis and Marie Paquette. He married Simone Broussead at Trois Rivières, St. Maurice, Québec, Canada, on November 14, 1704.1,3 A census listed Francios as head of household at Lower Québec City, Canada, in 1716. Francios died on April 27, 1751 at Québec, Québec, Canada.2

Last Edited=February 19, 2007

Children of Francios Nicholas Janis and Simone Broussead
Marie-Claire Janis b. March 22, 1705, d. August 29, 1710
Charlotte Marie Janis b. July 19, 1706, d. June 4, 1733
Antoine Janis+ b. April 6, 1708
Thérèse Marie Janis b. February 28, 1710
Jacques Janis b. February 23, 1711
Simone Barbe Janis b. September 2, 1712, d. November 6, 1714
Eustache François Janis b. November 14, 1713
Pierre Janis b. April 13, 1715, d. July 12, 1715
Marie-Anne Janis b. March 7, 1716, d. February 23, 1717
Angélique Marie Janis b. October 23, 1717, d. March 23, 1792
Nicholas Francois Janis+ b. January 6, 1720, d. October 27, 1804

Citations

  1. [S94] René Jetté
    , Jetté Généalogie des Familles du Québec 1600-1730.
  2. [S116] Tom Stevenson, Ancestors of Thomas Stevenson and Allied Families.
  3. [S203] Mike Bartelt, Genealogy, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mikebartelt/.

Simone Broussead1 (F)
(April 2, 1684-December 24, 1746), #77
Pop-up Pedigree

     Simone Broussead was also known as Simmone Brosseau. Simone was born at Sorel, Richelieu, Québec, Canada, on April 2, 1684.2 She was the daughter of Julien Brosseau and Simone Chalifour. As of November 14, 1704,her married name was Janis.3,2 She married Francios Nicholas Janis at Trois Rivières, St. Maurice, Québec, Canada, on November 14, 1704.3,2 Simone died on December 24, 1746 at Québec, Canada, at age 62.2

Last Edited=February 19, 2007

Children of Simone Broussead and Francios Nicholas Janis
Marie-Claire Janis b. March 22, 1705, d. August 29, 1710
Charlotte Marie Janis b. July 19, 1706, d. June 4, 1733
Antoine Janis+ b. April 6, 1708
Thérèse Marie Janis b. February 28, 1710
Jacques Janis b. February 23, 1711
Simone Barbe Janis b. September 2, 1712, d. November 6, 1714
Eustache François Janis b. November 14, 1713
Pierre Janis b. April 13, 1715, d. July 12, 1715
Marie-Anne Janis b. March 7, 1716, d. February 23, 1717
Angélique Marie Janis b. October 23, 1717, d. March 23, 1792
Nicholas Francois Janis+ b. January 6, 1720, d. October 27, 1804

Citations

  1. [S116] Tom Stevenson, Ancestors of Thomas Stevenson and Allied Families.
  2. [S203] Mike Bartelt, Genealogy, http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mikebartelt/.
  3. [S94] René Jetté
    , Jetté Généalogie des Familles du Québec 1600-1730.

Joseph Thibaut (M)
(1775-), #78

     Joseph was born in 1775.1 He married Therese Barada circa 1794.2

Last Edited=November 13, 2005

Child of Joseph Thibaut and Therese Barada
Marguerite Thibaut+ b. 1798, d. after 1830

Citations

  1. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  2. [S201] Catholic Marriages 1792-1863.

Therese Barada (F)
(1778-after 1798), #79

     Therese was born in 1778.1 As of circa 1794,her married name was Thibaut.2 She married Joseph Thibaut circa 1794.2 Therese died after 1798.

Last Edited=November 13, 2005

Child of Therese Barada and Joseph Thibaut
Marguerite Thibaut+ b. 1798, d. after 1830

Citations

  1. [S171] Joan Leaneagh, Leaneagh Family History.
  2. [S201] Catholic Marriages 1792-1863.
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