III-64 He was a son of Gov. John Winthrop of Connecticut, and grandson of Gov. John Winthrop of Massachusetts. Captain Waitstill Winthrop joined the A.H.A.Co. at Boston, in 1692, and on the first Monday of June in that year was made captain of said company. April 20, 1689, he was commissioned a major general in the local militia of Massachusetts. He was a member of the governor's council, and chief-justice of the superior court of Massachusetts. He died in 1717, aged 76.

III-65 Gen. Josias Winslow was a son of Gov. Edward Winslow, the third governor of Plymouth Colony, by his second wife Susanna (widow of William White). Among the Plymouth settlers, she was the mother of the first white child born in the colony, first widow and first bride, and by her second marriage became mother to the first native born governor. Josias Winslow was born in 1629; he located in what became Marshfield; was commissioned ensign in the local militia of Marshfield, June 7, 1648; promoted to captain June 8, 1655, and at that date his half brother Peregrine White, the first child born of English parents in the colony, was commissioned lieutenant of the Marshfield militia, and Mark Eames ensign. In 1657 Josias Winslow was united in marriage with Penelope, a daughter of Herbert Pelham, Esq., of Boston. In 1658, Josias Winslow was promoted to major commandant of the regiment that embraced all the local militia of Plymouth Colony; he was governor of that colony from 1673 to his death in 1680. The commissioners of the united colonies considered Gov. Winslow the most suitable person to command the united forces of those colonies in the field, and thus he became commander-in-chief at the Great Swamp Fight, Dec. 19, 1675. His wife died Dec. 7, 1703. Gen. Josias Winslow and wife Penelope Pelham had a son Isaac Winslow, born in 1670; married, July 11, 1700, Sarah, a daughter of John Hensley, and a lineal descendant of Gov. Thomas Prince. Isaac Winslow was commissioned in 1715 colonel of a regiment that embraced all the local militia of Plymouth County; John Cushing of Scituate was his lieutenant colonel, and Isaac Lothrop of Plymouth, major. Col. Isaac Winslow was chief justice of the court of common pleas twenty years; president of the council of Massachusetts; and judge of the court of probate for county of Plymouth. He died Dec. 6, 1738; his wife died Dec. 16, 1753. They were the parents of the distinguished Maj. Gen. John Winslow, of Acadian or neutral French notoriety.

III-66 William Bradford was a son of William Bradford the second governor of Plymouth Colony, elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death in April, 1621, of John Carver, the first governor of that colony. William, the son, was born in Plymouth June 17, 1624; married Alice, a daughter of Thomas Richards of Weymouth; she died Dec. 12, 1671; his 2d wife was a widow Wiswall; his 3d wife was Mary, the widow of Rev. John Holmes of Duxbury; she died June 6, 1715. William Bradford was commissioned ensign of the local militia in the town of Plymouth, March 7, 1648; promoted Oct. 2, 1659, to captain of a company of cavalry raised at large in the colony; a few years later was made major commandant of the regiment that embraced all the militia of the colony. When Plymouth Colony was divided into three counties, viz., in June, 1685, the militia was divided into three regiments, William Bradford continuing in command of the Plymouth County regiment, John Freeman of Eastham commissioned to command the Barnstable County regiment, and John Walley of the town of Bristol, the Bristol County regiment. Major William Bradford was one of the council of Gov. Edmund Andros; promoted to deputy governor in 1682. His will bore date of Jan. 29, 1703. His gravestone bears the following inscription:
"Here lyes ye body of ye Honorable William Bradford, who expired February ye 20, 1703-4, aged 79 years.
"He lived long, but was still doing good,
And in his country's service lost much blood.
After a life well spent he's now at rest;
His very name and memory is blest."

That loss of blood in his country's service was in the Great Swamp Fight, Dec. 19, 1675, where and when a bullet entered his body and was never extracted, but found a resting place with his remains in the grave, more than 28 years after.

III-67 The public records of Plymouth Colony, vol.v.page 189, contain the following:

"Att a Meeting of the Councell of War for this Jurisdiction att Plymouth the 10th Day of March anno Dom 1675 [1676, as we now reckon time], Orders and Conclusions were made and ordered as followeth.

"In reference vnto the offenciue fact of Robert Barker in breaking away from the army when they were on theire march in a mutinous way, and by his example alureing others to come away with him to the great scandoll prejudice, and disparagement of the collonie and in p'ticular vnto the comander in cheiffe, viz., the generall.

"Forasmuch as, vpon his late examination, hee doth in some measure take to his great offence, the councell doe centance him heerby to be degraded from the honor and office of lieftenant, and to pay a fine of fifteen pounds to the vse of the collonie in currant siluer mony of New England and to defray the charge of his late imprisonment.

"The councell doe alsoe order, that all such as came away from the army with the said Robert Barker, or followed him in a disorderly way, shall likewise forfeite their wages as to that expedition."

Winsor's history of Duxbury informs us that this "skedadling" officer was a son of Robert Barker of Duxbury, whose will was made Feb. 18, 1689, and an inventory of his effects taken March 15, 1692. Robert, the son, owned land at Pudding Brook, in Duxbury; removed to Scituate in or about 1689, and returned to Duxbury in or about 1701. He had a brother Isaac, and sisters Rebecca and Abigail. Rebecca married William Snow.

The following is a copy of the order issued to the commissioned officers of the Plymouth Colony forces Dec. 6, 1675. (See vol.v.page 183, Plymouth Colony Records).

"Gentm you are hereby required to procure youer men pressed to be in a reddines to march soe as they attaine to meet att Prouidence on the tenth of December next; and in order thervnto, that they rendevous on the seauenth of the said month att Plymouth, on the eight att Taunton, att Rehoboth on the 9th, and at Prouidence on the tenth as aforsaid; and that you see that they be not onely able and fitt men but alsoe well fitted with clothing nessesary for the season and prouided with knapsackes and amunition according to order, viz., halfe a pound of powder and 4 pound of bulletts to each man. Fayle not."

Preparatory to marching, the Massachusetts forces were mustered on Dedham Plain; but the Plymouth forces, in compliance with orders, could not have united with the Massachusetts men on Dedham Plain, but formed a junction with them at Providence, R.I.

III-68 Capt. James Oliver, of Boston, joined the A.H.A. Company in 1640, was made ensign of the same in 1651, lieutenant in 1653, captain in 1656, and again in 1666. He was captain of the first company in the local militia of Boston, in the time of King Philip's war, and had been probably for several years before.

III-69 Lieutenant Ephraim Turner, of Boston, was commissioned May 12, 1675, ensign of the first company in the local militia of that place. He was received as a member into the A.H.A. Company in 1663, and appears to have been the only addition to the ranks of that command made that year.

III-70 Capt. Isaac Johnson, of Roxbury, joined the A.H.A. Company in 1645, was made a lieutenant in 1666, and captain in 1667. Of the local militia in Roxbury he was commissioned captain, Sept. 8, 1653. He was slain at the gate of the Indian fortification, Dec. 19, 1675.

III-71 Lieut. Phineas Upham was mortally wounded in the Great Swamp Fight, December, 1675.

In September, 1675, Lieut. Upham was a subaltern officer under Capt. John Gorham, of Barnstable, and out on a scout after Indians in what is now the towns of Grafton, Oxford and Dudley, and the city of Worcester, then an almost unbroken wilderness.

Under date of Mendon, Oct. 1, 1675, Lieut. Upham addressed a letter to the Governor and Council of Massachusetts, in which he said, "Now seeing that in all our marches we find no Indians, we verily think that they are drawn together into great bodies, far remote from these parts," and thus it in fact proved to be, and that drawing together into a great body was then being done on the island in the swamp, in what is now the town of Kingston, in Washington County, Rhode Island. (See Salem Witchcraft, by C.W.Upham, vol. i.p.119).