| Home Surname List Name Index Sources Email Us | Silvester THEOBALD1,2,3,10 was born about 1524 in Seale,
Kent, England. She has an Ancestral File Number of HG77-NL.2 She has a reference index of I3987.
Parents: John THEOBALD and Silvester CARTER. Thomas THEOBALD1,2,3,10 was born about 1510 in Seale, Kent, England. He died on 21 Jun 1550. He has an Ancestral File Number of HG77-GK.2 He has a reference index of I6379. Parents: John THEOBALD and Silvester CARTER. Christina THEOBALD?1,2,3,10,18,19 was born about 1415 in Seale, Kent, England. She has an Ancestral File Number of FS92-8N.18 She has a reference index of I3982. Spouse: John THEOBALD. John THEOBALD and Christina THEOBALD? were married. Children were: John THEOBALD. Isabella THEOBALD?1,3,19 was born about 1383 in Seale, Kent, England. She died on 10 Mar 1439. She has an Ancestral File Number of FS92-B1. She has a reference index of I6376. Spouse: John THEOBALD. John THEOBALD and Isabella THEOBALD? were married. Children were: John THEOBALD. Dorothy THEOBALDS1,2,3,10,11,13,15,63 was born in 1521 in London, Middlesex, England.2,13,63 She died on 14 Sep 1575.2,13,63 She has an Ancestral File Number of 9GRQ-97.2,13,15,63 She has a reference index of I6374. Parents: John THEOBALD and Silvester CARTER. Spouse: John CROOKE. John CROOKE and Dorothy THEOBALDS were married on 25 Jul 1547 in London, Middlesex, England.2 Children were: Dorothy CROOKE. Spouse: . Ralph ALLEN and Dorothy THEOBALDS were married on 25 Jul 1547 in London, Middlesex, England.23 Spouse: . Roger MANWOOD and Dorothy THEOBALDS were married. Elizabeth (Thomkins) THOMPKINS *3,6,9,10,11,25,26,27,29,30,31 was born on 12 Dec 1645 in Milford, New Haven, Connecticut.26,27 She was christened in Feb 1645/46 in Milford, New Haven, Connecticut.23,26,27 She died on 25 Oct 1703 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.23,26,27 She was also known as Elizabeth Tompkins (AFN: FHSW-0N).2 She has an Ancestral File Number of FHSW-0N.25,26,27 She has a reference index of I5. She was also known as Elizabeth THOMPKINS (THOMKINS). Parents: Micah TOMPKINS and Mrs. Mary [MNU]? TOMPKINS. Spouse: Lt. Gov. James1 BISHOP *. Lt. Gov. James1 BISHOP * and Elizabeth (Thomkins) THOMPKINS * were married on 12 Dec 1665 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.23 Children were: Samuel BISHOP, Mary BISHOP, James BISHOP Jr., Rebecca (Rebeckah) BISHOP * x. Spouse: . Norman THOMPSON and Elizabeth (Thomkins) THOMPKINS * were married. Jonathan THOMPKINS3,10,23 was born on 17 Dec 1643 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut. He has an Ancestral File Number of NVX4-4L.23 He has a reference index of I4852. Parents: Micah TOMPKINS and Mrs. Mary [MNU]? TOMPKINS. ________? THOMPSON x3,10,11,18,35,78,79,103 was born about 1569 in England. He has an Ancestral File Number of 12FW-P0T.2,35,78,79 He has a reference index of I5859. He was also known as Unknown THOMPSON. He was also known as Unknown THOMPSON. He was also known as Unknown THOMPSON. Spouse: ________? THOMPSON? x. ________? THOMPSON x and ________? THOMPSON? x were married before 1589 in England.18 Children were: John THOMPSON x. Abigail THOMPSON x11,35,57,59,78,79,104 was born on 1 May 1646 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,59,78,79 She died on 2 Mar 1731 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,59,78,79 She has an Ancestral File Number of H1GM-N3.35,59,78 She has a reference index of I8659. Parents: John THOMPSON x and Mirable FITCH x. Spouse: . Jonathan CURTIS and Abigail THOMPSON x were married. Children were: Abigail CURTIS, Sarah CURTIS, William CURTIS, Jonathan CURTIS. Abigail THOMPSON x md2,3,11,13,78,93,105,106,107 was born on 26 Jan 1650/51 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.13,78,94 Also recorded as BIRTH: 26 JAN 1652, New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut [83027] [83028] [83029] She died before 24 Apr 1727 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.13,78,94 She has an Ancestral File Number of 8VMM-81.2,13,78 She has a reference index of I6257. Parents: John (The Farmer) THOMPSON x and Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Parents: John (The Farmer) THOMPSON x and Dorothy THOMPSON? x. Parents: Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Parents: John THOMPSON and Dorothy THOMPSON. Parents: John (Mariner) THOMPSON * and Dorothy THOMPSON? x. Parents: John THOMPSON and Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Spouse: . Joseph ALSOP Jr. and Abigail THOMPSON x md were married on 25 Nov 1672 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.49 Spouse: . Capt. John MILES and Abigail THOMPSON x md were married after 12 Jan 1691 in New Haven Twnshp, New Haven, Connecticut.94 MARRIAGE: BEF. 1694, Alternate marriage date. [141337] Abraham THOMPSON *3,10,11,25,37,40,41,42,43,59 was born on 26 Oct 1762 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut.37,59 He died on 30 Jul 1828.59 He was buried in - Hudson (Old Hudson Township burying ground).40 He has an Ancestral File Number of 12D2-074.25,37 He has a reference index of I1784. He has a reference number of (6). He was a Private in 9th Co. Continental Reg. of Conn 1775 (from D.A.R. records). He enlisted July 10, 1775, Discharged Dec 10, 1775. (He drew a pension). He lived in Hudson, Portage Co., Ohio. Parents: Decon Stephen THOMPSON Sr.* and Mary WALTER *. Spouse: Susannah THOMPSON?. Abraham THOMPSON * and Susannah THOMPSON? were married about 1793 in , , Usa.16 Children were: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON *, Sallie THOMPSON, Salmon H. THOMPSON, Clarisa THOMPSON, Alice THOMPSON, Susan THOMPSON, Augustus THOMPSON. Abraham THOMPSON *3,10,40,41,42,59,108 was born on 22 Apr 1826 in Twinsburg, Summit , Ohio.56,59,108 He appeared in the census in 1850 in Ohio.64 Abram (sic) Thompson, Age 23, Male, Farmer, Property Value $600 He appeared in the census in 1880 in Pecatonica, Winnebago, Illinois.56,108 He died on 14 Apr 1917 in Webster City, Hamilton, Iowa.40,59 From the Last Will and Testament of Abraham Thompson: He left one third to his wife and speaks of his wife aforward ad her Dower, the use and occupancy of the equal third part of all his real estate during her natural life. He also stated that the gifts that he had given Salmon, Sally and Jo el W. were all that they should receive unless there was an excess after the debts and other bequests were properly made. He gave to his son Augustus, additional land to square off the boundaries of his south property line. To his daughter Clarissa, he left two hundred dollars and to his other daughters, Alice and Susan, he left each with eight hundred dollars. After these specific bequests, he directed the remainder to be equally divided among all of his living children. Signed on the seventh day of August 1827. (Note, Abraham died less than a year after drafting his will). Obituary in the Rockford Register-Gazette, written on April 27, 1917; Mrs. Will Anderson was called to Webster City, Iowa last week by the death of her father, Abraham Thompson, who passed away there at the home of his daughter, Mrs. A.J. Wells, on Saturday, April 14th of apoplexy. Abraham Thompson was born in Twinsburg, Ohio, April 22, 1826 and was therefore nearly 91 yeas of age at his death. He was married seventy years ago at Beloit, Wisconsin to Miss Selina Downs and to this union eleven children were born of whom three have passed away - Albert and Judd Thompson and Mrs. Bertha Hellen - the latter having died but a few months ago. The eight sons and daughters who survive their father are: Frank, Tulare, Calif.; Mrs. A.J. Wells and H.I. Thompson, Webster City, Iowa; Mrs. Vina Zublin, Los Angles, Calif.; Will, Adrian, Minn; Mrs. Minnie Anderson, Pecatonica, Ill; Ed, Waterloo, Iowa; and Charles, Austin, Minn. He is also survived by two sisters, Mrs. Harriet Haskell of Rockford, Ill, and Mrs. Mary Stickney, of Albany, N.Y. and one brother, Joel M. Thompson, of Pecatonica, Ill. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson resided at Lysander, Ill from the time of their marriage until their children were grown when they went west and located in Tulare, Calif. A year later, they returned to the middle states going to Waterloo, Iowa, where Mrs. Thompson passed away in May, eleven years ago at the age of 76. He has a reference index of I1869. He has a reference number of J-5.40 He was also known as Abram THOMPSON. The posting that resulted in the breakthrough on the Thompson line: Keith Thompson Katman01@worldnet.att.net 7 May 1998 19:45:08 Looking for Abraham THOMPSON, b Rockford, Wyandotte, IL d. 1896. m Selma DOWNS. Children: Albert THOMPSON, Ellen THOMPSON, Melvina THOMPSON, Henry, Bertha, William, Minnie, Eddy Charles, Frank (all THOMPSON). Also looking for Mary Francis CHAPMAN, d 1930 m Albert THOMPSON 1875. From Rockford, the family broke up and moved to IA, MN, ND, SD. Keith Thompson mailto:Katman01@Worldnet.att.net Direct Ancestor of Keith Thompson On pgs 14 - 22 of the book Ancestors and Descendants of Joel W. Thompson, there is a history of Summit County by Gen. L.V. Bierce 1854. Although Abraham Thompson is not mentioned as the first resident, he was very close behind as he was there in 1801. It was Town four, Range ten and was purchased of the Connecticut Land Company by David Hudson, Birdseye Norton, Nathaniel Norton, Stephen Baldwin, Benjamin Oviatt and Theodore Farmele, for fifty-two cents and acre. Parents: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON * and Emily MILLS *. Spouse: Salina DOWNS *. Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS * were married
in 1847.40
Albert THOMPSON *3,10,40,41,42,55,65 died on 17 Mar 1901.55 He was born after or about 1811.55 He has a reference index of I2639. He has a reference number of J-5-3.40 Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS *. Spouse: Mary Frances CHAPMAN.
Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN were married on 23 Dec 1875 in Winnebago,
Winnebago, Illinois.40,70,71
Albert (Jud) Judson THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 was born on 17 Dec 1889.55 He died on 8 Aug 1947.55 He has a reference index of I2643. He has a reference number of J-5-3-8.40 Parents: Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN. Spouse: . Albert (Jud) Judson THOMPSON and Elizabeth (Bessie) SIMINGTON were married on 23 Dec 1912 in Ruthern?, Iowa.70 Children were: Ervin Judson THOMPSON, Nellie Opal THOMPSON, Lyla Frances THOMPSON, Vyva Madge THOMPSON, Lyle Wendell THOMPSON.  Albert Kay
THOMPSON *3,10,40,41,42,48,65 was born
on 3 Dec 1915 in Ewing, Holt , Nebraska.49,83,85
EWING The town was named Ewing in honor of the first postmaster in Holt County, and was incorporated May 8, 1884. In 1881, the post office known as "Ford" was moved to the railroad site, one and a half miles southwest, and, a Mr. Johnson took over as postmaster, at this time. In 1891, the first commercial club comprised of 17 businessmen was organized. In 1904, Martin Savidge built telephone lines from the switchboard near Deloit to Ewing. From 1907 to 1911, the Savidge Brothers experimented with gliders and built and flew Nebraska's first plane. EWING -- HOLT COUNTY This part of Nebraska went unnoticed for many years. Not until May 1870 did a covered wagon turn off the trail and stop just below the north and south forks of the Elkhorn River. James Ewing and his family decided this was a good place to settle, so started carving out a home, found a good water supply, and planted a garden and "sod corn." Mr. Ford settled nearby and soon others came; Gunter, Davidson, Clemen, Billings, Butler, and Donaldson. By 1872 the families of Ryan, Howe, Kieley, and Wentworth also took homestead claims. In January 1874 a post office, the first in Holt County, was granted. Ewing, the postmaster, gave it the name "Ford." He kept the mail in an old violin box until it was picked up. The Fremont, Elkhorn & Missouri Valley Railroad was advancing up the valley. Randolph Smith was paid $25 a month to hold a particular quarter section of land for the railroad. In 1881 the rails crossed Cashe Creek and the South Fork, and as agreed, Smith deeded the land to the Pioneer Town Site Company, a subsidiary of FEMVR, and a town was platted. Leroy Butler quickly improvised a small hotel to accommodate railroad men. A house, originally built on Burt Simpson's homestead on the South Fork by the mill dam, was moved near the depot to house workers. The Ewings also moved nearer to the railroad. The town between the two forks of the river grew rapidly. A new post office was established and "tended" by a Mr. Johnson. George Butler, first appointed postmaster at the new location, chose the name "Ewing." Butler was followed by John Wood, Joseph Kay, Fred Waugh, Gary Benson, Lyle Dierks, Frances Rotherham, Cleta Lofquest, and the present postmaster, Roger Dillon. When the original railroad station burned, a new building was brought in on two flat cars from Emmet. That building was sold and moved to Vincent Thiele's farm after the Chicago & North Western Railroad closed the station. The first newspaper in town was the "Ewing Item" published by Clarence Selah. In 1891 George Butler founded the "People's Advocate." Other owners include Cole, Primus, Raker, Wood, and Benson. R.B.Crellin became editor in 1921 and changed the name to "The Ewing Advocate." Thelma Drayton bought and operated the shop until 1951, when it was combined with the Clearwater newspaper. Telephones were installed in 1904. In 1906 a gas engine pumped water for the town. In 1908 Lee Spittler (for a commission of $37.50) built a $2,325 water tower that still provides the water for Ewing. Gas was piped in for street and home lights in 1909. An electric plant was built in 1915 and maintained by Frank Noffke until the "high line" arrived in 1930. Ewing's first school, built in 1886, burned and was replaced by a brick structure in 1917. That building burned in December 1932, with classes held "where ever" for the remainder of that year, until a new building was finished. Several buildings were added to meet state regulations and accommodate increased enrollment since then. By 1886 Ewing had three churches; Methodist, Presbyterian, and Catholic. The Episcopal (now Church of Christ) and the Full Gospel Churches were built later. These churches continue to serve the community. Noteworthy items for Ewing include: -- A stable of rare horses, among them the famous Hambletonian trotter, "Dan Patch," was owned and operated by Kay Brothers. -- The bank was robbed in 1903, and Kay's Store in 1904. -- A July 4th celebration of 1903 brought 1,500 people to town. Green's Drug Store float won first prize, $2. -- Savidge Brothers were barnstorming the area with their biplane, adding to the celebrations by 1911. -- James Furley, chief butter-maker for Ewing's creamery, acclaimed as "best in the state." Ewing's highest population of 705 occurred in 1950. The 1980 census recorded 520. The town has had its share of fires, blizzards, wind, and hail storms, but good neighbors always come to aid the victims that are hardest hit and help them get through. Linked to the outside by Highway 275, the people of Ewing take pride in being part of a caring community. Written by Rachel Von Conet. After Rachel Von Conet unexpected death on June 3, 1989, Mildred Bergstrom, Box 65, Ewing, NE, 68735, completed the project. He appeared in the census in 1920 in Holt Co, Nebraska.98 Age 4 in Census He appeared in the census in 1930 in Nells Twnship, Harvey City, Nells, North Dakota.64 He graduated in 1933 in Harvey High School, Harvey, Wells, North Dakota.22 After graduation, he went to work at same Ice company in Harvey ND where his father worked. From Geographic Nameserver (http://www.mit.edu/); Harvey, Wells County, North Dakota; located at 47:46:11 N, 099:56:06 W with an elevation of 1600 feet and reported population of 2527. Postal code 58341. Geography and information about Aleutians94 Chapter 6 - Aleutians; War Years, 1940 - 43 A look at polar projection maps of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is quite revealing. There is very little land-mass between the 50th and 70th southern parallels. There is considerable landmass between the 50th and 70th northern parallels, and parts of it are heavily populated. The northern rims of both the eastern and western hemispheres were a challenge to the early venturing peoples. Man's curiosity, and the connectivity ingredients, land, ice, and navigable waters, made the northern rims a logical challenge in the early part of the 20th century to the air faring descendants of the original seafarers. Conquest and hegemony are other words to which that geography contributed. Mankind's deadliest wars have occurred in the northern hemispheres. Most of World War II, and the Cold War nuclear stand off that followed, were waged in the Northern Hemisphere. Travel distance between major population centers is minimized by use of great circle routes. North of the Equator, these routes arch toward the North Pole. In 1941, the development of the strategic aviation advantages of the north Pacific rim lagged behind its geographic cousin rimming the north Atlantic. It follows that Alaska's challenges and its dangers were less charted. While the U.S. and the USSR gazed at each other across the Bering Strait, and each speculated how it matched up against the other, Japan, actively antagonistic to both countries, made the first overt move. The Aleutian/Alaskan area, along with Panama and Hawaii, were part of the western defensive region in the 1939 war plans of the United States. With the exceptions of Sitka, Kodiak and Dutch Harbor, the U.S. Navy, though posturing proprietary in its stated domain over defense of the Aleutian Chain of islands, could hardly claim that it had demonstrated a high priority in implementing its avowed responsibilities. It took a United States Army officer and his superior on the West Coast of the "lower forty eight" to give the U.S. military presence in Alaska's mainland and then the Aleutian Chain a major pre-war shot-in-the-arm. The Department of the Army and its U.S. Army Air Corps, in the main, were no more enamored of Alaska than the Navy. Fortunately, Lieutenant General DeWitt, USA, in charge of the U.S. Western Defense Command, picked Colonel Simon Buckner, USA, to go to Alaska to implement a plan for the strategic military development of the area. Colonel Buckner arrived in Anchorage, Alaska in July 1940. The U.S. can be thankful that Buckner had a vision for the strategic military position that the United States possessed in its almost orphan territory. Buckner could see that the challenges in creating a base support structure were going to be monumental. The U.S. Navy had made progress with its own effort, but that effort had been centered on the ability of its patrol aircraft to land on the water. Simon Buckner soon realized one of the many paradoxes of his new command responsibilities. Alaska loved the airplane. Its bush pilots, another distinct breed of pilots like the barnstormers, made things happen in Alaska and their work was appreciated. They moved supplies to outposts that were not reachable any other way. Often these were life saving medical serums and life giving birth supports for newborn babies struggling to live. Those pilots adapted to the region, using skis and pontoons on their aircraft when required. The paradox was that the canny adaptive skills of the bush pilots meant that facilities like paved airfields were not built. Too hard to build and too costly. There were other ways to do it, particularly where budgets were limited. Buckner, who might have turned out to be a regiments and battalions and divisions kind of Army officer, saw the wisdom of the airplane. He appreciated and used the skill of the bush pilots and at the same time began an effort to build airfields and air support facilities. This ground-trained officer was even handed in his relationships with the Army Air Corps and the U.S. Navy. Where interests coincided, and the other parties were dedicated to the objective, he worked with Navy and Army Air Corps personnel to get a job done that he saw needed to be done. He was not addicted to personal fame. But where the other services held back, he moved on to get his airfields built. We are not going to be complete in our citations of the air facilities developed in the Alaska/Aleutian region as the result of Buckner's energies and savvy. He found believers like an Army Air Corps pilot, one Colonel Eareckson, and a Navy Captain named Ralph Parker. His passion, animated by his accurate evaluation of Japanese military intentions, was contagious to his small contingent of strong men. Buckner was no purist. He occasionally was moved to diverting funds from other worthy purposes to direct use in enhancing the region's military preparedness. His vision was disciplined. He learned the territory and conducted a survey of sites "out the chain" which would be suitable for airfields. Buckner's effort to develop a defense scheme for the U.S. position in the north Pacific rim resulted in the following airfield developments Elmendorf Field at Anchorage; Ladd Field at Fairbanks; strengthening the defenses at Dutch Harbor; an airfield later known as Ft. Randall at Cold Bay, Alaska on Umnak Island; an airfield later known as Ft. Glenn on Umnak Island. Don Fortune, in later civilian life a San Francisco newspaper editor and author, learned about the Gulf of Alaska first hand while serving as an ordinary seaman on board a 1362-ton ship delivering supplies to Cold Bay, Alaska in 1942. A "coaster", in seagoing terms, the SS Taku had become the USAT (U.S. Army Transport) Taku by the time ordinary seaman Don Fortune made his way aboard for duty during several supply trips between Seattle, Washington and its navigable bay on the south side of Unimak Island. It was called Cold Bay. Here , Don Fortune provides some details about one sea trip in those storm-driven Alaskan waters in 1942 before he joined the Army. "My view of Cold Bay in 1942 was limited to the dock area, so I got the impression that almost everything was underground. I was also told(in 1942) that the Japanese did not know of Ft. Randall's existence. SS Taku became USAT Taku when the Army took it over. On one trip, a storm hit the ship that almost sank the vessel and resulted in my being carried off in a canvas wrapping. The crew quarters were aft and above deck. The black gang's quarters were on the portside, deckhands on the starboard. ("Black gang" is sea lingo for the men assigned to the engineering spaces of a ship, probably originating when the propulsion fuel was coal.) Their cabins were abandoned and I was told later that the doors were torn off their hinges. The storm was so powerful that life boats were stove in and useless. Superstructure was hammered. The ship could not make headway. I was carried midship to the Second Mate's cabin, and left soaked and badly bruised for what I was told was almost 36 hours. Finally, the skipper pulled into Juneau, Alaska, possibly against orders. I was wrapped in canvas and carried top deck. The men carrying me had to twist and turn through the officer's mess and other narrow spaces. It hurt. I was lowered to a launch and taken to the hospital. The Taku spent some time in dry dock after it arrived back in Seattle." Don Fortune's skipper on the Taku must have been ahead of his time in what we now call "human factors." Putting in at a port like Juneau on the way from Cold Bay to Seattle is not the same as stopping off at a port along the way. Juneau represented a major detour. Almost landlocked on the eastern side of the Gulf, Juneau was possibly the only alternative choice to Seattle in terms of hospital facilities. Looking at sea routes, Juneau was likely just a few miles closer than Seattle for the Taku. That trip into Juneau was made strictly because a man was injured and the time, measured in hours, that could be saved in getting him to a hospital were deemed essential Don Fortune's glimpse of the rigors of passage across the Gulf of Alaska introduce the reader to the storm factor which influenced so many missions that I would later be called on to fly in that area. A" coaster" type vessel would find real challenges in those turbulent sea states. A lot of storm trouble is generated where the Japanese current meets the frozen northern tundra and its adjacent waters. For aviators, an added factor south of the chain is that at least until 1948 there were no radio aids to air navigation in that airspace. An airman's aircraft had better be self-sufficient electronically. Thankfully, the PB4Y-2s assigned to our squadron in 1946 were well equipped. After an interregnum imposed by the Japanese occupation of Attu and Kiska, Buckner's airfield vision was extended to Adak, Amchitka, Attu and Shemya. Some exciting, some bizarre, and some tragic events of war occurred between a Japanese fleet's first attack on Dutch Harbor onJune2, 1942 and Japan's occupation of Attu and Kiska, which began just five confused days later on June 7. I would refer readers to "The Thousand-Mile War" by Brian Garfield. My 1981 edition of Garfield's book is labeled a "Bantam War Book" and has a Navy PBY on its cover, but inside one discovers that first publication was by Doubleday in 1969. Garfield not only details the attack by the Japanese and the defense by U.S. forces, but includes the orders received by the Japanese fleet commander during his Aleutian attack operation to send his carriers south to rendezvous with the now defeated main body of Japan's Midway attack force. Those orders, never carried out, allow author Garfield the opportunity to tell his readers in a masterful way, how the war was going in the Pacific in the summer of 1942. As part of the northern prong of its attack on Midway Island, the Japanese, on 7 June 1942, occupied Kiska and Attu, the latter out at the end of the Aleutian chain of islands. This occupation was preceded by Japanese carrier aircraft raids on the U.S. Navy installations at Dutch Harbor, located on Unalaska Island. In the context of the six years of active hostilities in World War II, Japan's stay in the Aleutians turned out to be relatively brief. On June 7, 1942, the Japanese commenced landing on Attu and Kiska and quickly captured or killed the occupants there. By the end of May 1943, after a bloody three weeks, the killing of most of the Japanese defenders and the capture of but a handful, the Japanese were eliminated from Attu. A Japanese objective in the Aleutian sub-strategy to its attack on Midway included bombing attacks on Dutch Harbor, primarily to make the U.S. Navy believe that its Dutch Harbor seaplane base installations were an occupation target. From code breaking, Admiral Nimitz at Pearl Harbor knew that their basic Aleutian intention was to make occupation force landings on Adak, Kiska and Attu to the west. Overlooked by the Japanese until its forces had undergone air surveillance and resistance from islands not believed by them to be militarized, was a U.S. Army Air Corps air base on Umnak Island and another at Cold Harbor on Unimak Island. These were part of Buckner's handiwork. The disturbing discovery that there were gaps in its intelligence about U.S. airfields in the Aleutians very likely led the Japanese high command to its decision to abandon the Adak landings and concentrate on Attu and Kiska. One does not have to reach for the moon to credit Buckner's vision here. Dismay that their intelligence had not revealed an important U.S. presence created a major change in Japan's objectives. This change left the door open to a major opportunity for the United States. That opportunity was Adak, and Adak ultimately became the pivot of the U.S. Navy's air and sea operations in the Aleutians. Both the United States and the Japanese had defensive strategy objectives in the Aleutians. Neither figured to invade the other's heartland by use of the Aleutian chain as steppingstones. The Japanese sea force approaching the Gulf of Alaska in early June,1942, consisted of cruisers, destroyers, an oiler, transports with troops, and of prime importance to U.S. commanders, two aircraft carriers. Their first mission was to attack Dutch Harbor before the main body of the Japanese Fleet, which included its four large carriers, attacked Midway Island. Japan's military strategists intended to influence Admiral Nimitz and our Pacific command to send forces north to the Aleutians to defend against an invasion there and thereby weaken his Midway defense options. Nimitz did send a small cruiser/destroyer force north under Rear Admiral Theobold. But, he sent no U.S. carriers. Nimitz had none to spare. The U.S. Navy base at Dutch Harbor in Unalaska Island west of Unimak Island supported PBY Catalina patrol seaplanes, and their seaplane tenders. There were fuel storage facilities, some radio communications towers, and a detachment of U.S. Marines. It was defended by anti aircraft gunnery installations. These were well dug in, but of insufficient range and without modern fire control. Four-stack U.S. destroyers dating from World War I were also based there but their gun systems were also outdated. The U.S. Corps of Engineers had prepared and put into operation for the U.S. Army Air Corps, primitive airfield installations on Unimak Island and on Umnak Island. At these bases were some P-40 Warhawks, B-26Marauders and a few B-17 Flying Fortresses. The airfields were "paved" with steel matting that gave ground under the weight of the heavier aircraft, setting up a kind of sine wave under the heavier aircraft as these moved down the "runways." For the Alaska part of its defense plan against the major and multi-pronged Japanese thrust centered on Midway Island, the U.S. was plagued by a hastily thrown together tri-service command. The Army commander was General Simon Buckner, just promoted from Colonel. The Army Air Corps commander was General Butler, in command of what was becoming the XI Air Force. The Navy commander and ostensibly in overall command for the expected Japanese assault on the Aleutians was the newly-arrived Radm Theobold, in charge of the cruiser-destroyer force that Nimitz sent north from Hawaii. A Navy Captain named Leslie Gehres had been in place for some time at Kodiak in charge of Kodiak and Dutch Harbor. The three flag commanders, Buckner, Butler and Theobold, had no experience with each other and were never able to effect a unified command for this early June 1942 challenge from the Japanese. Their remotely located superiors did not help in defining the command situation although in Admiral Nimitz' defense, he was busy preparing for the main thrust at Midway. Finally, the complete lack of any Alaskan communications infrastructure left the commanders there without even the option of creating an ad hoc plan. From code-breaking, Nimitz knew what the Japanese were up to with their thrust in the north. He was certain that their main effort would be directed against Midway. He sent the small cruiser-destroyer force north under Radm Theobold in reaction to the intelligence he had. Here entered one of those nuances of war whose importance could not be understood until many years had passed. Nimitz had provided Theobold with accurate and valuable information. Admiral Nimitz' intelligence was coming directly from an almost providentially provided code-breaking team. The briefings in Hawaii were sometimes conducted with Nimitz and his staff in the physical presence of those who had actually gathered the information and defined its relevance. Nimitz could directly question this team and challenge them. He could get "in their face" in later parlance, and therefore had a rare opportunity to evaluate the worth of the information. To his credit, he believed their conclusions and took full advantage of both the direct human transfer of information and the intelligence information itself. Our sea defense for The Battle of Midway was undertaken with this knowledge. Pertinent portions of this intelligence were passed along to other commanders who had not been personally involved in the briefings. The difference incredibility between the direct reception from code breakers that Nimitz enjoyed, and the passed-along information to commanders like Theobold, was striking. Not too much had gone right for the Navy since December 7, 1941.ItsAsiatic Fleet had been decimated, the Philippines lost, and Coral Sea could hardly have been called a victory. No, to Theobold, this intelligence was like all intelligence, to be locally evaluated with some hedging as to its accuracy. Consequently, in its defense of the Aleutian Islands, U.S. armed forces in Alaska never took full advantage of the intelligence information that Nimitz possessed and passed along. And which Nimitz himself used so effectively at Midway. At this juncture, the U.S. Alaskan defense team faltered badly. No unified command, no agreement on defensive strategies, depreciated intelligence and totally abysmal communications made the effort almost ludicrous. But as I noted, great deeds were performed, some with tragic consequences. With the onset of a series of fast moving weather fronts, the U.S. defense of the Aleutians turned into chaos. We actually came out rather well. For their part, the Japanese had good communications, experienced ship handlers and skilled pilots. Their Admiral astutely used the adverse weather to the best advantage that could be achieved in atrociously bad weather conditions. His celestial navigation information was outdated by the time his task force arrived off Aleutian Island shores. His location, therefore, with respect to his preliminary Dutch Harbor bombing objective was not as good as he would have hoped. What he did possess was nearly precise knowledge of the location of the leading edge of the weather front he was able to hide in. This was accurate enough for him to control the time he would be able to poke his force out ahead of the front and launch aircraft. A Navy PBY on a long duration patrol mission did spot the Japanese force through a break in the over cast and the Japanese knew they had been spotted but because they did not identify the type aircraft they were not able to even speculate about its point of origin. The Japanese task force was able to mount two air attacks on Dutch Harbor during which the Japanese pilots encountered almost no aircraft resistance over their target and only futile AA fire. But, the unexpected discovery by the Japanese of U.S. aircraft sorties from Umnak Island, which aircraft interfered with recovery of their aircraft aboard their carriers, was certainly a factor in their abandonment of Adak as an occupation objective. By June 8, 1943, not only had the U.S. retaken Attu, but then had been able to rapidly developed operable facilities for aircraft, ships and submarines there. For at least one critical aircraft operation, the atoll, Shemya, just to the east, was also quickly put into service. Shemya could recover aircraft when all other airfields were shut down.. Key events in the year-long effort to dislodge the Japanese had been the Navy's occupation of Adak on August 30, 1942 and Amchitka on January 12, 1943. At Adak, an aircraft runway was operating in an incredible twelve days and on Amchitka it took about five weeks to begin flight operations. In March 1943, there occurred a stirring sea battle that marked the end of any Japanese hopes to retain a foot hold on U.S. soil and in May 1943 with the U.S. landings, the beginning of the end for the Japanese. Admiral Theobald had won an important top level argument that Adak was the proper location for a base from which to support air operations against the Japanese on Kiska. The final element that tipped the scales toward Adak and away from Tanaga, the site that others favored, was that Adak could become an air and sea base, with supply available from the sea. The belated discovery by the Japanese of our expanding facility on Adak led them to send troop reinforcements north to Attu and Kiska. For its part, the U.S. added motor torpedo boats to their Adak inventory of "assets." Admiral Theobold then pushed for and won approval to occupy Amchitka. The interservice command structure, if it could be dignified as such, vibrated enough over the Amchitka decision, wise though it was, to shake Admiral Theobold off the tree. Rear Admiral Thomas Kinkaid was appointed as his replacement. General Buckner's tactical involvement was waning. The task force structure for the Army's amphibious assault operation that took Amchitka and would retake Attu did not include him in the chain of command. That did not appear to dismay Buckner whose advice was sought by all involved, and whose advice was considerately and effectively given and put to good use. Interestingly, General Butler, who had gradually built the strength of his XI Air Force, was also given force command over the Navy's Catalina patrol squadrons. Butler, too, was not a part of the command structure for dislodging the Japanese from their Aleutian successes. Unlike Buckner, General Butler remained a more aloof figure during most of the important U.S. sea, land, and air campaigns in the Aleutiansin1943. The land base limitations, especially lack of air navigation, air traffic control and weather forecasting facilities hamstrung effective use of the U.S. air capability. The sea force that Admiral Theobald had brought north from Hawaii underwent a revolving door change of ships though its strength remained relatively stable. Theobald had set up his command ashore at Kodiak and had eventually placed Rear Admiral Charles McMorris in command of the force afloat. By March of 1943, under Kinkaid, McMorris had established an intervention patrol west of Attu. The Japanese under Vice Admiral Hosagaya had mounted a number of sea supply efforts for Attu and Kiska and even had one group of ships with personnel detailed to occupy Shemya. (Attu had proved to have a very resistant terrain for the Japanese to tame into an airstrip. Shemya undoubtedly looked more malleable in that respect.) But, in its final major effort, the Japanese would be thwarted as the McMorris seaforce, though under strength in comparison with the strong escort force that Hosagaya brought along on his final major supply attempt, aggressively dulled all Japanese appetite for twitting the Yankee in the Aleutian Island chain. The Battle of the Komandorski Islands is an event that marked a change in the fortunes of war in the North Pacific. This sea battle took place roughly along Latitude 53 degrees, 20 minutes North, about midway between Attu and Siberia's Kamchatka Peninsula, in a sea space just south of the Komandorski Islands. McMorris' force consisted of the 1923 vintage light cruiser, USS Richmond CL-9, on which McMorris flew his flag, the thirteen-year old heavy cruiser USS Salt Lake City CA-25, and four destroyers, the USS Bailey DD-492, USS Coghlan DD-606, the USS Dale DD-353, and the USS MonaghanDD-354. For those who have read my earlier book, "Joining The War at Sea," Bailey, DD-492, commissioned in May of 1942, was a Bristol class 1620-ton destroyer. Coghlan was closely related in configuration to Bailey while Dale and Monaghan were older, commissioned in 1935. Salt Lake City was notable in its configuration for this battle-she sported ten 8-inch, 55-cal. guns, two more than most of our heavy cruisers of that era. Salt Lake City had just been repaired and re-crewed from wounds incurred in an early South Pacific seabattle against the Japanese. The Japanese under Vice Admiral Hosagaya had two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and five destroyers. This force constituted all of the Japanese Fifth Fleet warships that Hosagaya could pry loose. These were escorting two fast, armed, merchant cruisers and one slower transport. These latter three carried the supplies and reinforcements for Attu and Kiska. The heavy cruiser Nachi took the lead for the Japanese in the first phase of the melee that ensued and when Nachi became temporarily disabled by Salt Lake City and Bailey gunfire, Maya, their other 8-inch gun cruiser took over. In his Volume VII, "Aleutians, Gilberts and Marshalls," of the History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Samuel Eliot Morison sets the picture that now unfolded "At 0730 March 26 (1943), an hour before sunrise, this (the McMorris)task group lay 180 miles west of Attu and 100 miles south of the nearest Komandorski Island. The ships were strung out in scouting line six miles long, steering N. by E. Destroyer Coghlan was in the van, flagship Richmond next, followed by Bailey flying Captain Rigg's (Commodore of the squadron from which Bailey had been drawn) pennant, then Dale. Salt Lake City steamed next to last in the column, Monaghan in the rear. They were making 15 knots and zigzagging. Temperature was just above the freezing point." Eyewitness Lieutenant (jg) Stanley Hogshead, USN, in charge of the main battery plotting room on the destroyer Bailey tells what happened next. (Stan Hogshead graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy on June 19,1942and immediately reported to the destroyer, USS Bailey, DD-492.) Built in the Boston Navy Yard, DD-492 was brand new when Stan arrived. She was 347 feet long, with a beam of 36-feet and a draft of 17-feet. She had four 5" 38-cal. dual-purpose guns, two twin mount 40-mm AA guns and eight 20-mm AA guns. She carried depth charges and torpedoes. Her design complement was 276 officers and men but she had over 300 aboard for the Komandorskis' action. The following paragraphs in quotes were adapted from a talk that Captain Stanley Hogshead, USN (Ret) gave to an audience of veterans in Californiaon February 7, 2001. In Hogshead's account, ship's names are not italicized. "The Battle of the Komandorskis of March 26, 1943 Bailey departed the U.S. east coast and after transiting the Panama Canal, arrived in San Francisco. We were instructed to draw foul weather gear. That was a strong clue as to where we were headed, cold waters, probably Alaska. We then departed for Kodiak Island, Alaska. We fueled, took on provisions, and thence proceeded to Dutch Harbor. After fueling there and taking on stores we were formed into a Task Force (Task Group 16.6) with an older heavy cruiser, the Salt Lake City with8-inch guns, and an older light cruiser, the Richmond, with 6-in guns. In our task force, there were three other destroyers, the Dale, the Coghlan, and the Monaghan." "My destroyer, the Bailey, had the destroyer screen Commander, Commodore Riggs on board. General Quarters on a Navy vessel begins with an alarm designed to awaken the dead. Every weapon is manned and ready. Every engineering space is fully manned with all available power ready for instant use. Every officer and enlisted man has an assigned duty station. The person assigned is trained as an expert in that special piece of equipment. My station was in Plot. On Bailey, Plot is mid-ships, directly below the main mast and Main Battery Director, one full deck below the water line. It is one compartment forward of forward fire room and one compartment below the forward damage control party station and the galley and food storage locker. Plot is the location of all electrical panels for guns, main battery director, ship's gyrocompassand main battery computer. During General Quarters, Plot is a watertight compartment, sealed off from any escape. The main battery computer was huge and totally archaic by today's standards. It was 30-inches by 36-inches,and 40-inches high. That was my duty station in charge of 7menand the operation." "The Weather: The Aleutians are known for wind, very rough seas, fog, often rain and frequently hail. Ice often formed on all exposed surfaces. Rough seas washed away lifelines on main deck, crushed depth charge racks, and jammed depth charges so you couldn't use them. Lost one man overboard due to mountainous seas." "On March 14, 1943, we left Dutch Harbor on a westerly track. I had no idea where we were going. But the Admiral and Captains did. Naval Intelligence had broken Jap codes and what we learned was that they (the Japanese) were ready to attempt to reinforce men and supplies on Attu and or Kiska. We were sent to prevent that from happening." "Let me set the scene. Time 0630. At Dawn Alert (an hour before sunrise), on March 26, 1943, we went to General Quarters as was customary. We are in a scouting line, steering 020 degrees. (just slightly to the east of due north) We are west of Attu. Each ship is 12,000 yards(6miles) from the next. Speed 15 knots. We were 1200 miles west of DutchHarbor,500 miles west of Attu, near the Komandorski Islands, close to Siberia." "Daylight occurred during this alert. The visibility is 13 to 19miles--VERY UNUSUAL. The air temperature is 30 degrees Fahrenheit. CONTACT! This is no drill. ADRENALIN FLOWS. Radar contacts are made at 0730byCoghlan and Richmond at the head of the scouting line. Five targets in original radar contact, between 7 and 12 miles due north. By0800,range had increased to 27,000 yards (13.5 miles). Ships thought to be large merchant ship plus 3 smaller merchant ships and 1 DD. This will be a picnic! OH YEAH!" "At 0824, 4 more ships detected at 40,000 yards, identified at 2 Cas (heavy cruisers), 2 CLs (light cruisers), and shortly thereafter,4destroyers. My GOSH--we are outgunned better than 2 to 1! Not going to be a picnic as first thought. To make matters worse--enemy to our East, between us and Dutch Harbor, where our puny air force was based and SAFE HARBOR for us." "At 0840, Richmond taken under fire; endured for 2 minutes. Japanese ships out of range for us. Richmond commenced firing at 0842. Maximum range of 8-inch gun is 30,000 yards (effective range is19,500yards); 6-inch maximum range is 22,000 yards (effective range is 14,000), and maximum range of our 5-inch guns is 18,000 yards(effective range is 12,000)." (Author's Note: As related by Historian Samuel Eliot Morison, Rear Admiral McMorris, despite the two to one odds in warship strength, decided immediately to fight it out and brought Salt Lake City to the fore just as the Japanese warships turned south to engage. Salt Lake City became the centerpiece of the U.S. sea fighting force and McMorris broadcast that the other U.S. ships would conform to Salt Lake City's movements, as the Task Group's only heavy gunned cruiser. Now back to Lieutenant (jg)Hogshead.) "In plot, we knew the shooting had started by Salt Lake City. We couldn't shoot, as the enemy ships were outside of our maximum range of 18,000 yards. We could hear the salvos from enemy cruisers landing close aboard and we knew we were well within the range of both the enemy light cruisers and the heavy cruisers." "Courses now brought the two forces down to a range of 18,000 yards so the Bailey could join the fun! Battle continued off and on as the range opened and closed. Hits were observed on one of the Jap heavy cruisers by shells fired by the Salt Lake City and by our Bailey. Salt Lake City used orange dye on her shells. At 0900, Japanese-launched torpedoes observed passing close to Salt Lake City." " At 0910, Salt Lake City, Richmond, and Bailey all reported incoming near hits. A ship shudders as a salvo lands close aboard and shells explode. During all of this, we in plot did our jobs, no panic, no visiting, no complaining. Just worried, but you worried to yourself! Wondering if in the next minute you would be blown to bits. No one in plot lost his cool, just did his job. Result of Training-Drills. Drills and more drills." "By 1000, we had been under continuous fire for an hour and a half. No American ship had taken a single hit, a miracle in itself. Lullinaction. (Nachi had been hit, which led to a casualty that temporarily put her main battery out of action.) Had been too busy to pray, but now I took time. Gathered the men, held hands as I asked God for Protection. All I prayed was "Lord, Protect Us! Didn't even say Please!" "Observers noted: The Japanese cruisers had taken a number of hits. At 1010 Japs scored a direct hit on Salt Lake City; she suffered steering problems. Bailey and Coghlan ordered to make smoke screen to screen the Salt Lake City from (Japanese) view. At 1044 Bailey taken under direct fire. At 1103 Salt Lake City suffered a direct hit, much damage, including severed fuel lines. Salt water put out her boiler fires. Salt Lake City signaled MY SPEED ZERO. At 1115 Bailey, Coghlan and Monaghan ordered to make torpedo attack on enemy cruisers. TORPEDO ATTACK! Word Flashed throughout ship. Ordnance & Gunnery classes at the Naval Academy always taught that you get as close as possible to increase the probability of a hit. I began to closely observe and study two dials on my computer, range and speed." "Range began to decrease rapidly from 18,000 yards, speed increasedfrom25-knots, to 28, to 30, to 31 and finally 32 knots-OURMAXIMUM SPEED. Very near miss at starboard side, forward fireroom. Tremendous explosion DEAFENING WE HAVE LOST POWER. We were instantly in the dark except for the bluish light from two Battle Lanterns. Water began coming in, stuffed blankets and life jackets in a seam that had parted. COLD. Temperature 33-degrees. Speed slowed to 12-knots, thento5-knots. Then ZERO SPEED! Sitting ducks! We FIRED A SPREAD OF TORPEDOES AT 9500 YARDS." "For their 8-inch guns, like looking down the rifle barrel, they can't miss. HERE WAS OUR SITUATION. We had lost electrical power, and were in the dark except for Battle Lanterns. We were dead in the water. Range to the enemy 9500-yards. In our plotting room, I could observe profiles only. I could read our luminescent dials for range, speed, etc. We in plot were in a watertight compartment from which there was no escape. But, there was 33-degree temperature water now up to my ankles, rising fast. Wondering how long I had to live. AGAIN, PRAYED FOR GOD's protection. God you got me in this mess-NOW GET ME OUT! Again, didn't say please! At almost that exact instant, ship vibrated. We had miraculously somehow regained steerage-way, Speed up to 6, then 8,then10 and finally 12-knots. Don't tell me God doesn't hear and answer prayers!" "But Always In His Own Way and His Own Time. Thought to myself , When I first see Him, GIVE GOD The Medal of Honor. What we in plot didn't know, forward fire room and forward engine room both flooded to the waterline, accounting for loss of speed. Only one engine operating. The Bailey by now was down to 6-inches of freeboard." "Upon launching of our torpedoes, Japanese ships turned away and broke off action. Threat of torpedoes was what did it. Range opened rapidly. We looked at each other, incredulously. Tears of emotional joy. Battle Over at 1230. We had been in six hours of hot surface warfare. Longest daylight action by our Navy ever. One hour later, secured from General Quarters. Limped back to Adak on one boiler and one engine, then to Dutch Harbor." "Casualties-4 Dead, 5 Wounded, two seriously, one later died. I am living proof that God answers prayers. Exchange of Messages." "Bailey received recognition-- 9 Battle Stars (for this and later actions), the Navy Unit Commendation. Individual awards included 1Navy Cross, 2 Silver Stars, 5 Bronze Stars, and 36 Purple Hearts." Illustration 9 - Navy Ship Thanks Navy Ship Stanley Hogshead understated the role of his destroyer, the Bailey. Morison's Volume VII quotes an unnamed Japanese participant. "Our flagship, the Nachi, was hit by effective shots from an outstandingly valiant United States destroyer, which appeared on the scene toward the end of the engagement." Morison then identifies Bailey as "the outstandingly valiant destroyer." With Coghlan and Monaghan, at McMorris' instructions when Salt Lake City lay dead in the water, Bailey was attempting to overtake Nachi and Maya to make a torpedo attack toward the Japanese off while Salt Lake City lay disabled. The Japanese pounded the U.S. destroyers and Bailey herself was hit twice, finally rendering her immobile, but not before she got off a spread of torpedoes. This was the turning point. The Japanese did not know, because of the destroyer smokescreen protecting Salt Lake City, that the latter was badly wounded. Witnessing a fresh attack from torpedoes that they most feared, and worried about the arrival of U.S. bombers from the Aleutians, Vice Admiral Hosagaya decided it was time to break off the action. He and his damaged ships limped away to the west. Their transports had already turned back. The McMorris force, with Salt Lake City and Bailey's crews that had acted like men possessed, got underway at 15 knots, moving toward Adak. The bitter war in the bitter Aleutian weather had been doggedly contested for that entire one-year period of the Japanese occupation of Attu and Kiska. The tri-service command structure did begin to function better after the arrival of Rear Admiral Kinkaid. He and General Buckner had similar views of the strategic implications of Alaska. The lack of communications infrastructure in the region worked against any command and control coordination among the service elements. Even when the parties were persuaded of their common interest, the results were far from satisfactory. Each service had its own communications doctrine, and the equipment to support it, but It stopped there. The Navy fought a major surface battle. McMorris sent word immediately to U.S. shore installations when battle was about to commence, and included the coordinates of where it would take place. Aircraft were actually launched from Adak and Amchitka but never arrived in the battle area despite the exceptionally rare good visibility at sea. The inability to get all the sea and air units working together became the trademark of the U.S. Aleutian effort in 1942 and 1943. General Buckner's base legacy, originating in 1940 for the future support of U.S. military operations, particularly air operations, was huge, and it had its payoffs, but the communications gaps and incompatibilities limited the results. As to Buckner's airfield program, in the year 2001, in the friendly confines of the United States' "lower 48", it takes ten years to build a major commercial aviation facility and few are being built. If any would doubt the Buckner legacy, certainly the passengers and crew of a Delta MD-11 in March 2001 would not. Enroute to Japan, this aircraft made a cautionary landing at Cold Bay, Alaska, due to smoke in the cockpit. The Corps of Engineers had performed miracles in laying miles of Marsden matting for Aleutian-deployed aircraft to land on, and in provisioning wherever possible, sea access for supply purposes to these new bases. In addition, most of the land plane bases were situated so that they could also support the PBY, the Navy's patrol seaplane for water landings, and the PBY-5A for airfield or water landings. Buckner's vision still left much to be done. Air Corps pilots, according to author Garfield, in1941and 1942 used Rand McNally road maps. The sea charts that existed were based on Russian surveys done in 1864. The progress outweighed the omissions. To maintain a consistent aeronautical presence, air operations need to be coordinated over reliable radio communication channels. Light beacons will not do. (There were two light beacons for night navigation in mainland Alaska in 1942.) Blinker signals will not do. Smoke signals will not do. After the debacle in air to ground communications exhibited for the defense against the second Japanese air attack on Dutch Harbor, the U.S. Signal Corps was ordered in. They were told to start from scratch and provide Alaska a desperately needed communications capability. It was also time, past time, to consider the introduction of low frequency radio range transmitters for radio beam generation, both for point to point aircraft transit and for aircraft let down to safe landings instrument conditions. No place in the world was subject to instrument conditions as much of the time as the Aleutians. The lesson of that period for the U.S. that needed to be emphasized was recognition of the need for the reliable air navigation and communication. With those in place, one could address "command and control." As noted, the Signal Corps was ordered to remedy the situation. But, that realization came late, and when I arrived in the Aleutians almost three years later, the remedial process was still in progress. Radio rangestations, furnishing "beams" to fly, and voice communication systems for air and ground control, required planning first, and then time to install. The Aleutian experience in air traffic control implementation involved one added factor when contrasted with the earlier progress in the North Atlantic rim. Aleutian-based folks could say, "There was a war going on here!" A major change in strategic posture came with the construction of a major U.S. Naval Base at Adak. Accommodations for land and water based aircraft plus ship and submarine berthing were effected in record time. From the summer of 1942 to the summer of 1943, Adak went from practically unoccupied to a city of over 50,000. It became paired with Kodiak in major importance for naval operations. The military pressure vector that had originated west to east at Pearl Harbor, turned around and became east to west after Midway, despite Japan's face saving occupation of Attu and Kiska. Conditions for the full turnaround would not exist until the Japanese were eliminated from their Aleutian foothold. We have seen how the U.S. Navy had first interdicted and then shut off the Japanese re-supply efforts for Attu and Kiska. It would shortly become necessary to dislodge them completely. History has a way of making some decisions into afterthoughts, or at least second thoughts. Military objectives in WW II moved westward. Sitka was left much too far to the east to be a base of significant influence in the effort against the Japanese in World War II, or even for projecting our electronic surveillance against the USSR in the Cold War which followed. Sitka had earlier fulfilled its important role. It was the early staging base for Kodiak and Dutch Harbor. From the State of Washington, Sitka was readily reachable both by sea and by air. The U.S. took maximum advantage of the Japanese decision not to occupy Adak and established its own important base there. With the addition of wheel-sets for the PBY Catalina, to upgrade it to amphibian status, resulting in the PBY-5A model, Adak could handle both Catalina configurations. This diminished the importance of Dutch Harbor, which base then receded into history. For the Navy, then, Kodiak and Adak became the principal bases in this theatre. We have identified the importance during the Japanese attacks on Dutch Harbor of an Army airfield on Umnak. First recognition of its strategic importance came in early 1942 came when the Japanese began to suspect that U.S. aircraft were operating from an airfield on Otter Point on Umnak Island. By 1946, when patrol aircraft from my own squadron were temporarily based there, we knew it as Ft. Glenn. For key bases then, NAS Kodiak, NAS Adak, and the U.S. Army and Army Air Corps Base, Ft. Glenn, proved critical to postwar military flyers beginning in1946. The fourth important air base was the Army base at Cold Bay on Unimak Island. This is the airfield that we knew in 1946 as Ft. Randall. It had been one of Buckner's "secret" bases and figured in the defense against the Japanese in 1942. By 1946, the airfield at Cold Bay had become the home of the U.S. Army Air Force's 10th Rescue Squadron, flying OA-10aircraft. The OA-10 was a PBY-5A Catalina pressed into Army use. Navy patrol plane pilots in 1946 used the designations "Cold Bay" and "Ft. Randall" interchangeably when referring to the place as a destination. Operationally then, by 1946, Kodiak, Ft. Randall, Adak and Ft. Glenn were four important bases in the new mission responsibilities of Navy PB4Y-2 Privateer and PBY-5A Catalina squadrons. For military flyers venturing "out the chain," appreciation needs to be noted for a fifth airfield, Shemya, which had one long, flat runway with good lighting. By1946,Shemya was no longer a military operations base. Unencumbered by mountains, this atoll just east of Attu, had an excellent approach right down on the water, and was used as an emergency alternate airport when NAS Adak, Ft. Glenn or NAS Attu were socked in. We need to acknowledge that we may have occasionally stretched locations of places beyond their precise geography. For all of the geography education a U.S. schoolchild acquired, including the oft told tale of the purchase of Alaska from Russia, most U.S. "lower forty eight" citizens know little about Alaska itself. There is a geographic naming challenge at the heart of this story. The Alaska Peninsula, reaching southwest from Alaska, is dominated by the Aleutian Range of mountains. This range extends right into the heart of Alaska itself. The Aleutian Chain of islands, however, do not actually begin until Unimak Island, the first major island off the western tip of the Alaska Peninsula. So, while much of our flying technically traversed Alaskan air space, and indeed for alternate airport options to a weathered in Kodiak we went right back to the Alaskan mainland, Aleutian missions were central to our objectives. I may occasionally use the term Aleutian when more precisely I should have used the term, Alaskan. Every aircraft introduced into the Alaskan theatre had to undergo climatic modifications. Some made it by little more than introducing new procedures. The Navy's PBY fared better than most. Although it could carry armament, it was designed primarily as a patrol plane. When it became an amphibian, its landing options were increased, and landing options could make a plane especially endearing in Alaska. Even without the wheels, since landing fields were so scarce in the region, a PBY pilot was probably envied because he could land in more places, and that meant more places that might provide a ceiling and visibility welcome. Even the B-17 Flying Fortresses of World War II fame had to undergo configuration changes to make them suitable for flight in the region. For the fighter aircraft, the P-40s and later the P-38s, aircraft life could be demanding and the attrition was high. By May 1943, with a landing strip on Amchitka in use in support of the U.S. effort to retake Attu, some of the Army Air Corps fighter inventory was moved out to Amchitka. By then, Navy PV-1, Vega Venturas, had also reported to the Aleutians. The positive news that this aircraft brought to the area was its airborne radar. In addition to the military surveillance use in finding enemy ships, airborne radar on more than one occasion has been the means for a crew to get a plane back safely on the ground when all other alternatives had been foreclosed. From personal experience, I can attest to the value of radar in an aircraft, especially in a region devoid of land based radio aids to air navigation. The Ventura stemmed from the Lockheed family of aircraft which had included the Electras and the Lodestars, and later the PV-2Harpoonand much later the P-2V Neptune. Unfortunately, the Ventura member of the family had some drawbacks. Captain Harry Carter USN (Ret.) had unusually good credentials for his comments that follow. "My initial introduction to the PV-1 Lockheed Vega Ventura aircraft was at the aircraft's Lockheed Vega assembly plant in Burbank California. The PV-1 has been called the Lockheed Ventura and the Vega Ventura but it was both.. She was a descendant of the Lockheed Vega Electra of Amelia Earhart fame. The Lockheed Electra line included the Lodestar, and the Army B-34. The immediate forerunner of the PV-1 was the light bomber, the Hudson, flown extensively by the British Coastal Command against the U-boats. My first job was working on the engine nacelle units of the PV-1. I progressed through several assembly jobs with my last one being instructor for newly arrived Rosie and her riveter cohorts, teaching them how to drive and buck rivets. The men were rapidly leaving for war and the female population of the San Fernando Valley was taking their place on the PV-1 assembly line. I did not have the remotest idea in my mind at the time that I would be flying the same airplane less than two years later." "Many of these aircraft were built for the Royal Air Force (RAF), and the U.S. Army Air Corps. The bulk of the British order was cancelled, as was most of the Army order. I'll leave it to the reader to guess why after reading the following paragraphs. The Navy, looking for a plane to use in its recently acquired role of land based anti-submarine operations and also in quest of a land based medium bomber, picked up the cancelled orders and all production of the PV-1 went to the Navy." "Following graduation at NAS Corpus Christi, Texas and receiving my wings, I arrived at Lake City, Florida in December of 1943 for flight training in the PV-1. He served in the military between 1943 and 1945 in Attu, Aleutian Islands, Alaska.94,109 A.K. Thompson was a member of "C" Company, Platoon 5, of the 138th Naval Construction Battalion (Maintenance) 138TH BATTALION The 138th NCB was formed at Attu from personnel of CBD 1018 and CBMUs 547 and 556 on Feb. 1, 1944. On March 9, CBMU 576 arrived at Attu and was absorbed into the Battalion. On Oct. 20, a group of 102 men were transferred from the 138th to the 68th, while 199 men were transferred from the 68th to the 138th. A detachment of three officers and 144 men were sent to NOB, Adak, for temporary duty on Jan. 25, 1945. This unit returned to the Battalion in time to ship back to the States in May. The outfit reported at Camp Parks on May 28, 1945 and on June 16 was inactivated. A.K. Thompson was discharged from the US Navy on November 6, 1945. He served in in the Seabeas between 1943 and 194594 12TH BATTALION The 12th Battalion began its overseas duty Aug. 18, 1942 when the outfit shipped out of Port Hueneme for Kodiak, where it arrived Sept. 13. The following April three companies of the outfit left Kodiak for Dutch Harbor followed by the remainder of the Battalion the following month. On May 21, 1943 a detachment of three officers and 100 men from this Battalion landed on Attu. Beginning on June 19, 1943, the outfit left for Adak in three detachments. The second detachment left Dutch Harbor July 25 and the third on July 26. The Battalion turned homeward on Sept. 8, 1943 arriving in the United States Sept. 16. On July 29, 1944, the outfit was inactivated at Camp Parks. 22ND BATTALION Organized in late summer, 1942, the 22nd NCB left for the Alaskan Theater Nov. 19. Both sections bad reached Sitka by Dec. 7. The Battalion moved from Sitka to Attu July 6, 1943, and returned to Camp Parks March 28, 1944, On June 19, 1944 the 22nd was inactivated. 23RD BATTALION Commissioned at Camp Allen on Sept. 4, 1942, the 23rd Battalion was moved at once to Davisville. R. I. On Oct. 17 the outfit arrived at Port Hueneme and was moved up to Seattle for embarkation Oct. 30. Sailing from Seattle Nov. 2, the Battalion arrived at NOB Kodiak Nov. 7. During November two detachments were sent from Kodiak to Cold Bay. On March 28, 1943, four officers and 223 men departed from Kodiak for Dutch Harbor, arriving April 2. On April 9, three officers and 108 men lived at Atka and the following day a detachment of three officers and 118 men arrived at Adak. On April 25, 1943 more of the outfit arrived at Dutch Harbor from Kodiak. Detachments were sent from Dutch Harbor to Adak on April 26, May 1 and May 6. And a detachment was also sent to Attu on May 6. On May 12, B Company arrived at Dutch Harbor from Kodiak and was sent to Adak on June 3. From June 14 to 22, detachments were transferred from Adak to Attu. On June 17 D Company left Cold Bay for Attu, arriving on June 26, bringing the outfit all together again. After establishing a headquarters on Attu, the Battalion sailed for the States on Dec. 30, 1943, arriving at Seattle Jan. 12, 1944. The outfit was moved to Camp Parks for duty until June 20, 1944, when it was transferred to Port Hueneme. Beginning Its second overseas tour, the outfit left Port Hueneme July 19, 1944, arriving at Pearl Harbor July 26. On Oct. 16, the Battalion sailed west from Pearl and after stopping over 22 days at Eniwetok, arrived on Guam on Nov. 22, and was still there when the war ended. 66TH BATTALION Formed at Davisville, R. I. in January 1943, the 66th NCB was moved to Camp Parks June 25, arriving there July 1. Twelve days later the outfit moved to Hueneme, and sailed Aug. 18. The unit arrived at Adak in the Aleutians Aug 31. From April 26, 1944, a detachment was sent to Sand Bay for duty until Oct. 4, 1944. Beginning on July 1, 1944, detachments 01 varying size were sent from Adak to Attu. The largest of these groups left for Attu July 1 and July 28. All units were back with the Battalion at Adak on Nov. 14, 1944. On Dec. 12, the outfit sailed for the States and arrived at Camp Parks, Christmas, 1944. Starting its second overseas tour, the Battalion sailed for Okinawa in July 1945 and was stationed at Nakagusuku at the war's end. 68TH BATTALION Formed at Norfolk, Va., Jan. 10, 1943, the 68th NCB was moved to Camp Peary Jan. 12. The outfit was transferred to Camp Endicott on March 19 and then to Camp Parks on May 12. On May 23, 1943, half of the 67th Battalion was designated as the second echelon of the 68th, and on June 8, the new second echelon was transferred from Camp Peary to join the outfit at Camp Parks. Meanwhile, on May 27, one half of the original 68th Battalion had been detached and formed into CBD 1008. On June 19, the outfit was transferred to Hueneme. Sailing from Hueneme on July 7, the Battalion arrived at Adak in the Aleutians on July 23. Proceeding to Attu, the outfit landed there on July 29, 1943. After a year and three months' duty at Attu, the Battalion sailed for the States on Oct. 31, 1944, and arrived at Camp Parks Nov. 17. For its second tour of duty the 68th sailed for Okinawa in May 1945 and was still stationed there at the end of hostilities. 85TH BATTALION The 85th Battalion was commissioned at Camp Allen on Feb. 6, 1943, moved to Davisville. R. I., Feb. 9 to Gulfport, Miss. April 16, and to Port Hueneme May 6. On May 16, 1943 Company B was detached to form CBMU 509. Sailing from Seattle on May 25. 1943, the Battalion arrived at Dutch Harbor May 30. On Nov. 1, 1943, the personnel of CBMU 508 were attached to the Battalion as Company B. From March 7 to Aug. 31, 1944, a detachment of the Battalion was on duty at Attu, and on the day it returned to the told, the first echelon embarked for the States, living at Camp Parks Sept. 9. The second echelon reached Camp Parks Oct. 11. The outfit was transferred to Port Hueneme Jan. 23, 1945. On Jan. 27 a detachment was sent to Coronado, Calif. It returned on Feb. 15. On Jan. 30 another detachment was ordered to Thermal, Calif., returning Feb. 14. On March 6, 1945, the Battalion sailed overseas for the second time, arriving at Espiritu Santo on March 19. The Battalion was still stationed there at the end of the war. Alter the Japanese surrender the 85th was sent to Wake Island. 114TH BATTALION After organizing at Peary in the summer of 1943, the 114th NCB moved to Davisville Aug. 11 then transferred to Lido Beach, L I. Oct. 24, 1943. The Battalion shipped out in July 1944, arriving at Rosneath, Scotland Aug 5. Three days later, the outfit was in transit to Cherbourg, France. On Aug. 27, 1944, one company was sent to Nantes, while 260 men and 5 officers went to Pontivy on Sept. 1. On Nov. 12, 1944, three CBMUs were formed from the personnel of the 114th, maintenance units 627, 628 and 629, the men being detached during November and December. The remaining men of the 114th returned to the States Dec. 26, 1944. The second tour of duty for the Battalion began in April 1945, when the outfit arrived at Seattle reached Attu May 15, relieving the 138th Battalion and was still located up north when the war ended. 138TH BATTALION The 138th NCB was formed at Attu from personnel of CBD 1018 and CBMUs 547 and 556 on Feb. 1, 1944. On March 9, CBMU 576 arrived at Attu and was absorbed into the Battalion. On Oct. 20, a group of 102 men were transferred from the 138th to the 68th, while 199 men were transferred from the 68th to the 138th. A detachment of three officers and 144 men were sent to NOB, Adak, for temporary duty on Jan. 25, 1945. This unit returned to the Battalion in time to ship back to the States in May. The outfit reported at Camp Parks on May 28, 1945 and on June 16 was inactivated. 8TH SPECIAL BATTALION After formation and training at Davisville, the Eighth Special was transferred to Hueneme June 30, 1943 and shipped out July 30 in two sections. The first section went to Kodiak, the second to Dutch Harbor. The first section spilt up into three groups in February 1944, one group going to Attu, another remaining at Kodiak and the third moving to Dutch Harbor. The entire Battalion returned to Camp Parks March 27 1945, then reported to Clatskanie, Oregon, In July to relieve the Seventh Special. The Eighth in September 1945 was preparing to return to Hueneme. CBMU 547 Fanned at Camp Peary, CBMU 547 shipped out of Seattle for Attu in December 1943. Two months later, the outfit joined the personnel of the 138th Battalion and the original unit was inactivated. CBMU 556 CBMU 556 was formed at Camp Peary in the Fall of 1943 and after duty at Peary and Port Hueneme the outfit sailed for Attu on Dec. 4. After a year at Attu the unit was absorbed by the 138th Battalion at Attu on Dec. 14, 1944. CBMU 576 Formed at Peary, CBMU 576 was transferred to Hueneme on Dec. 20, 1943 and shipped out Jan. 23, 1944. The unit was located at Attu in February. On Dec. 14, 1944, CBMU 576 was merged with other outfits to form the 138th Battalion. CBD 1018 Formed at Camp Peary as an equipment maintenance and repair unit, CBD 1018 transferred to Hueneme and then to Seattle, sailing Sept. 9, 1943, for the Alaskan sector. On duty at Attu for more than a year, the detachment was merged into the 138th NCB, Nov. 6, 1944. CBD 1077 CBD 1077 left Davisville R. I., Jan. 26, 1945, for Seattle, Wash. Shipping overseas from Seattle Feb. 12, 1945, the unit landed on Attu March 4, where it was stationed in September. Giant Steps Into the Pacific It was these initial construction jobs that gave the springboard for future operations against the Jap empire. And as Yank forces stepped on the Empire's toes, Seabees went along and kicked at the shins. Up north, Seabees found a new enemy, the frozen whip of the Arctic. The First Brigade went up to carve a series of installations northbound to Tokyo. From Kodiak to Attu - which is farther west than Midway-Seabees strung a series of airstrips, piers and gun emplacements which discouraged the Japs back to Paramushiro. They found the enemy at Attu, but worse than the Japs were the weather and the terrain. Sub-zero temperatures clogged up men and machines, ice and tundra bedeviled plans. But construction troops kept at it, and the chain of islands-Adak, Kiska, Amchitka, Attu and others-were fortified and prepared for offense and defense. Army Engineers worked with the Seabees constantly: the two engineering corps built side by side and formed miracles out of the rubble heaps of the Arctic. Seabees will tell you one happy thing about the north. For them Christmases were very real and very cold. "Beats hell out of a palm and coral holiday," remarked one veteran of the Arctic, currently stationed in Guam. "When we had Christmas up at Adak, we had it with all the trimmings." World War II Navy Post Office Numbers (WW2 Coded Locations) 163 SF Attu, Alaska He is or was a Policeman, Security Guard (IBM), and Auto Salesman in Rochester, Olmsted , Minnesota.85 He died of Gall Bladder infection complications on 11 Sep 2000 in Rochester, Olmsted , Minnesota.109 Rochester Post Bulletin, Obituaries Albert K. Thompson -- Rochester Wednesday, September 13, 2000 ROCHESTER -- The funeral for Albert K. Thompson will be at 11 a.m. Friday at Homestead United Methodist Church in Rochester with the Rev. Duane Gebhart officiating. Burial will be in Orion Center Cemetery in Cummingsville. Mr. Thompson, 84, of 838 10th St. N.W., Rochester, a retired auto salesman, died Monday (Sept. 11, 2000) at Bear Creek Care and Rehabilitation Center where he had resided two months. Born Dec. 3, 1915, in Ewing, Neb., he grew up in Harvey, N.D., and moved to Rochester following high school. On March 20, 1937, he married Frances A. Fox in Cresco, Iowa. His wife was a homemaker. She died May 30, 1994. Mr. Thompson was a Rochester police officer, worked in IBM security and retired as an auto salesman for Universal Ford. He was a World War II Navy veteran and a member of the American Legion, VFW and Rochester Men's Bowling Association. Survivors include three sons, Keith A. (Mardella) of Worthington, Ohio, Bruce D. (Marilyn) of Plymouth, Minn., and Jeff A. of Rochester; a daughter, Deanna S. (Dean) Sanden of Winona; nine grandchildren; seven great-grandchildren; a great-great-grandchild; and two sisters, Fern Swedenberg of Glenwood, Minn., and Madelene Allen of St. Paul. A brother and a grandson preceded him in death. Friends may call from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. Thursday at Macken Funeral Home and an hour before the service Friday at the church. He was buried on 15 Sep 2000 in - Orion Center Cemetery, Cumminsville, (Chatfield) , Minnesota.68,81,84,110 Cemetery Location Feature Name: Orion Center Cemetery Feature Type: cemetery State: Minnesota County: Olmsted USGS 7.5' x 7.5' Map: Marion Latitude: 435300N Longitude: 0921526W Township Orion County: Olmsted Name: ALBERT K. THOMPSON Birth Date: 03/DEC/1915 Death Date: 11/SEP/2000 Cemetery: Orion Center Comments: SP. FRANCES A. FOX. MAR. 10/MAR/1937. ROC. 13/SEP/2000 Section: 2 10 8 He has a reference index of I2303. He has a reference number of J-5-3-5-5.40 In the notes is in the notes49 Custom Timeline For Albert K Thompson 1915 to 2000 1899-1923: 6th Cholera pandemic from before birth until age 8 1910-1936: Reign of King George V (Windsor) from before birth until age 21 1913-1920: Woodrow Wilson president of US from before birth until age 5 1914-1919: World War I from before birth until age 4 1915: Einstein's Theory of Relativity at age 0 1916: Sonar at age 1 1916: Irish Easter Rebellion at age 1 1917: US enters WWI at age 2 1917: Russian revolution at age 2 1918-1920: Flu epidemic - 25 million plus die from age 3 to 5 1918-1933: Prohibition from age 3 to 18 1919: Shortwave Radio at age 4 1919: League of Nations instantiated at age 4 1920-1929: Roaring 20's from age 5 to 14 1920: Women receive right to vote in USA at age 5 1920: Palestine established at age 5 1921-1924: Warren G Harding president of US from age 6 to 9 1922: Insulin made available to diabetics at age 7 1925-1928: Calvin Coolidge president of US from age 10 to 13 1925: Scopes trial on Evolutionary Theory at age 10 1926: Sound in Movies at age 11 1927: 1st transAtlantic solo flight - Lindbergh at age 12 1927: Holland Tunnel opens (New York City) at age 12 1928: Geiger Counter at age 13 1928: Video Recordings at age 13 1928: Penicillin invented by Sir Alexander Fleming at age 13 1928: Television at age 13 1929-1939: Great Depression from age 14 to 24 1929: Stock Market Crash at age 14 1929-1932: Herbert Hoover president of US from age 14 to 17 1930: Pluto Discovered at age 15 1931-1933: Chinese-Japanese war (2) from age 16 to 18 1933: Soviet communist party purge at age 18 1933-1945: Franklin D Roosevelt president of US from age 18 to 30 1933: Armstrong invents FM modulation at age 18 1933: Radio Astronomy at age 18 1935: Dustbowl at age 20 1935-1936: Abyssinian war from age 20 to 21 1936: Helicopter at age 21 1936-1952: Reign of King George VI (Windsor) from age 21 to 37 1936: Spanish Civil War at age 21 1936: Reign of King Edward VIII (Windsor) at age 21 1937: Nylon (by DuPont) at age 22 1937-1945: Chinese-Japanese war (3) from age 22 to 30 1938: Germany annexes Austria at age 23 1939-1945: World War II from age 24 to 30 1939: Digital Computer at age 24 1939: Aircraft Jet Engine invented (by Ohain) at age 24 1940: Color Television at age 25 1940: 1st black general in US army at age 25 1941-1945: Manhatten Project from age 26 to 30 1942: Magnetic Recording Tape at age 27 1942: Nuclear Reactor at age 27 1945: United Nations formed at age 30 1945: US drops the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at age 30 1945: Hypertext at age 30 1945-1952: Harry S Truman president of US from age 30 to 37 1946-1989: The Cold War from age 31 to 74 1946: The Bikini at age 31 1947: Transistor at age 32 1947: UN partitions Palestine to Jewish and Arab sections at age 32 1948: NATO formed at age 33 1948: Arabs attack Israel on the day it is inaugurated at age 33 1948: 33 1/3 rpm musical recordings at age 33 1948: Israel inaugurated as state at age 33 1949: Apartheid policy in South Africa at age 34 1949: 45 rpm musical recordings at age 34 1949: Soviets detonate first nuclear bomb at age 34 1950-1953: Korean War from age 35 to 38 1950-1954: McCarthyism from age 35 to 39 1950: Bunche 1st black to win Nobel Peace Prize at age 35 1950: World pop. est. at 2.4 billion at age 35 1951: Electricity from Atomic Power at age 36 1952-2000: Reign of Queen Elizabeth II (Windsor) from age 37 to 85 1952: 1st Thermonuclear Device Detonated at age 37 1953-1960: Dwight D Eisenhower president of US from age 38 to 45 1954: Racial segregation in schools ruled unconstitutional at age 39 1955: Fiber Optics (by Kapany) at age 40 1955: Warsaw pact formed at age 40 1956: Ocean liner Andrea Doria collides with the Stockholm, sinks at age 41 1957: Sputnik Launched - 1st (artificial) satellite at age 42 1958: FM Stereo Broadcasts at age 43 1958: Stereo LP recordings come into usage at age 43 1958: US space agency (NASA) established at age 43 1958: Integrated Circuit at age 43 1959: Alaska enters the union - 49th at age 44 1959: 1st nuclear powered merchant vessel, Savannah at age 44 1959: Hawaii enters the union - 50th at age 44 1960: Laser at age 45 1960: World subsurface circumnavigation by US sub Triton at age 45 1960: Pantyhose at age 45 1960: 1st weather satellite (Tiros I) at age 45 1961-1970: 7th Cholera pandemic from age 46 to 55 1961: First human in space - Yuri Gagarin at age 46 1961: 1st US manned spaceflight - Alan Shephard at age 46 1961-1963: John F Kennedy president of US from age 46 to 48 1962-1965: Vatican II from age 47 to 50 1962: Cuban missile crisis at age 47 1963: Compact Cassette Recordings at age 48 1963: 1st artificial heart at age 48 1963-1968: Lyndon B Johnson president of US from age 48 to 53 1963: Pres. Kennedy Assassinated at age 48 1964-1975: Vietnam War from age 49 to 60 1964: US civil rights bill at age 49 1965: 1st spacewalks (US, USSR) at age 50 1965: Blacks riot in Watts neighborhood, Los Angeles at age 50 1966: 8-track tape players at age 51 1966: 1st soft landings on moon (US, USSR) at age 51 1967: Physicist John Wheeler coins the term Black Hole at age 52 1967: Marshall 1st black supreme court justice at age 52 1967: Six day war: Israel-Arabs at age 52 1967-1970: Nigerian civil war from age 52 to 55 1967: 1st human heart transplant at age 52 1968: Martin Luther King assassinated at age 53 1968: Robert Kennedy assassinated at age 53 1969: Woodstock Music Festival at age 54 1969: Moon Landing - Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin at age 54 1969-1974: Richard M. Nixon president of US from age 54 to 59 1970: Microprocessor at age 55 1970: Nat. Guard murders 4 students at Kent State at age 55 1971: Intel ships 1st uProcessor: the 4004 at age 56 1971: Pakistani civil war at age 56 1973: The Internet at age 58 1973: October war (Israel-Arabic nations) at age 58 1974-1976: Gerald Ford president of US from age 59 to 61 1974: Pres. Nixon resigns in disgrace at age 59 1975: Ebola virus appears - 90 percent lethal at age 60 1975: The 1st home computer: The Altair 8800a at age 60 1976: VHS Video Recordings at age 61 1976: Whites accept principle of black majority rule in S. Africa at age 61 1976: American Bicentennial at age 61 1977: Neutron bomb at age 62 1977-1980: James Earl Carter Jr president of US from age 62 to 65 1978: Laserdisc video recordings at age 63 1978: 1st test-tube baby at age 63 1979: Three Mile Island nuclear event at age 64 1979: Margaret Thatcher 1st Woman Prime Minister in UK at age 64 1980: Mount St. Helens Erupts at age 65 1981: IBM PC ships at age 66 1981-1988: Ronald Reagan president of US from age 66 to 73 1981: 1st space shuttle flight - Columbia at age 66 1981: 1st female supreme court justice at age 66 1982: 1st geneticly engineered product - insulin at age 67 1983: Bluford 1st black in space at age 68 1983: Compact Disks at age 68 1983: Pioneer 10 leaves the solar system at age 68 1984: HIV determined to be cause of AIDs at age 69 1984: Apple Macintosh Ships at age 69 1985: Amiga Computer Ships at age 70 1986: Shuttle Challenger explodes at age 71 1986: Mir space station deployed at age 71 1986: Chernobyl power plant melts down at age 71 1987: 2000th satellite launched: USSR's Cosmos at age 72 1988: Turin shroud carbon dated from 1330 AD at age 73 1989-1992: George Bush president of US from age 74 to 77 1989: Pons and Fleischmann claim cold fusion at age 74 1989: Breakup of the Soviet Union at age 74 1989: Fall of Berlin Wall at age 74 1989: Powell is 1st black chairmain joint US chiefs of staff at age 74 1990: World Wide Web at age 75 1990: Hubble space telescope deployed at age 75 1991-2000: 8th Cholera pandemic from age 76 to 85 1991: Iraq attacks Kuwait, US Attacks Iraq at age 76 1992: Blacks riot in South Central neighborhood, Los Angeles at age 77 1993-2000: William Clinton president of US from age 78 to 85 1993: Terrorist bombing of World Trade Center at age 78 1995: Terrorist bombing in Oklahoma City at age 80 1996: DVD video recordings at age 81 1997: Mars pathfinder lands at age 82 1997: Cloning living beings at age 82 1998: Pres. Clinton Impeached December 19th. at age 83 1998: US attacks Iraq, again at age 83 1999: US attacks Bosnia at age 84 2000: North Pole ice melts - 1.5 km of open water in August at age 85 ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- www.ourtimelines.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- (Birthdate) Friday, December 03, 1915 Top Headlines This Quarter THE ONE MILLIONTH FORD MOTORCAR MOVES DOWN THE ASSEMBLY LINE. THE IRON AND STEEL WORKERS STRIKE IN EAST YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. WILSON ASKS FOR A STANDING ARMY OF 142,000 AND A RESERVE OF 400,000. COLONEL WILLIAM J SIMMONS REVIVES THE KU KLUX KLAN IN ATLANTA. FIRST ALL METAL PLANE IS COMPLETED BY HUGO JUNKERS. Top Songs For 1915 The Perfect Song - Clarence Lucas Norway - Joe Mccarthy So Long Letty - Earl Carroll Railroad Jim - Nat H. Vincent All For You - Henry Blossom Araby - Irving Berlin Close To My Heart - A.B. Sterling M-O-T-H-E-R - Howard Johnson Prices US President House $4,800.00 Woodrow Wilson Car $500.00 US Vice President Milk $.36 Thomas Marshall Gas $.08 December 03 Birthdays Bread $.07 Andy Williams - 1930 Postage Stamp $0.02 Maria Callas - 1923 Avg Income $1,076.00 Ferlin Husky - 1927 Ozzy Osbourne - 1948 Fine Arts Art: Art- Chagall Painted "The Birthday." Film: Film- Douglas Fairbanks Stars In "The Lamb." Film- Douglas Fairbanks Stars In "The Lamb." Music: Music- Ivor Novella Writes "Keep The Home Fires Burning." Music- Ivor Novella Writes "Keep The Home Fires Burning." 1915 Sports Headlines WASHINGTON STATE DEFEATS BROWN IN FIRST ROSE BOWL SINCE 1902. RESTA DRIVES A PEUGEOT AT A RECORD 108 MPH AT SHEEPSHEAD BAY SPEEDWAY. BOSTON DEFEATS PHILLY 5-4 IN WORLD SERIES. ARMY DEFEATS NAVY 14-0 IN ANNUAL FOOTBALL GAME. Parents: Clarence Danford THOMPSON * and Blanche Miller KAY *. Spouse: Frances Arlene FOX *. Albert Kay THOMPSON
* and Frances Arlene FOX * were married on 20 Mar 1937 in Cresco, Howard, Iowa.81,83
It was originally belived that they had eloped to The Little Brown Church in
the Vale in Nashua IA. No church record was found. The Pastor of the Little
Brown Chuch commented that at that time, only the pastor of the church logged
marriages. Other pastors and ministers would use the church as well. These
were not recorded in the kept records. (1998)
Alice THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 was born on 18 Nov 1807. She has a reference index of I1812. At the Thompson Family Reunion, 16 Aug, 1884. It was reported that Alice was living in Detroit Michigan. Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Susannah THOMPSON?. Spouse: . Orrin C THOMPSON and Alice THOMPSON were married on 1 Feb 1823. Ambrose THOMPSON x11,35,59,78,104 was born on 1 Jan 1652 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,49,59,78 Another report of birth location was given as Ambrose Thompson was born in Milford, Connecticut ? He died on 7 Sep 1742 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,59,78 He has an Ancestral File Number of BZ6V-MS.35,59,78 He has a reference index of I8660. Parents: John THOMPSON x and Mirable FITCH x. Spouse: . Ambrose THOMPSON x and Sarah WELLES were married about 1687 in Milford, New Haven, Connecticut.49 Children were: Ebenezer THOMPSON. Amos THOMPSON r3,6,8,9,10,11,25,30,31,36,39,40,41,42,43,49,111,112 was born on 3 Mar 1701/2 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.113 Birthdate also given as 3 May 1702 He died on 28 Sep 1795 in Stanfordville, Dutchess , New York.50 City/County Finder does not show an Amenia Connecticut. The closest is Amenia, Dutchess Co., New York, which has been also listed as a death location. He has an Ancestral File Number of 959L-K0.25,36,112 He has a reference index of I67. With his brothers Samuel and Gideon, he removed to Goshen, CT in 1740, where he was elected Town Clerk and Treasurer in 1741 and each year thereafter until 1750 when he declined re-election. It was at this time that he and Samuel moved to Dutchess Co., NY. Amos and Sarah removed to Standford NY and the lineso f descent from him are given in American Ancestry (Vol 2, pp. 51, 126) Childern are recorded at New Haven: Allins, b 2 Jun 1727; Rebecca, b 28 Apr 1729; Amos, b 7 Aug 1731 Parents: Captain Samuel THOMPSON * m and Rebecca (Rebeckah) BISHOP * x. Spouse: . Amos THOMPSON r and Sarah ALLING were married on 7 Sep 1726 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.2,23,40,47,111 Children were: Allen THOMPSON, Rebecca THOMPSON, Rev Amos THOMPSON Jr., Asa THOMPSON, Sarah Mead THOMPSON, Eunice THOMPSON, Mary THOMPSON, John THOMPSON. Anne THOMPSON2,3,10 was born in 1571 in Sandwich, Kent, England. She has an Ancestral File Number of MF0X-DG.2 She has a reference index of I3945. Parents: Thomas THOMPSON * and Miss ?______ MANSFIELD. Anne THOMPSON11,43,49,114 was born in 1659 in East Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.50 Birth also given as 9 Sep 1667 New Haven, New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut She was christened on 27 Dec 1685 in First Congregational Church, New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut (adult). She died on 15 Jan 1691/92. Death date also given as 20 Feb 1713 in New Haven, New Haven, Conn. or 16 Jan 1691 in New Haven, New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut She has a reference index of I6931. She has an Ancestral File Number of K8QK-99. She has an Ancestral File Number of MF0X-2Q. Birth 9 Sep 1667 Death 16 Jan 1691 Anne left no children: and there is no reason for assuming that she was the daughter of "John the Mariner", except that it is difficult to place her anywhere else, and it seems natural that he should have a daughter named for her mother. Perhaps she is identical with the unnamed child also listed as a dau of John. (born Sept 1667. Parents: John (Mariner) THOMPSON * and Anne VICARS (VICARIS) *. Spouse: . Caleb CHIDSEY and Anne THOMPSON were married on 10 May 1688 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.16,49 There were no children of this marriage  Anthony THOMPSON
*3,5,6,8,9,10,11,13,21,29,30,31,39,40,41,42,43,44,47,49,51,53,57,77,91,108
was born on 30 Aug 1612 in Lenham, Kent County, England.13,40,53,115 Birth
Place also given as Coventry, Coventry, Warwick, England
He was christened on 30 Aug 1612 in Lenham, Kent County, England.2,5,13,23,53,91 Baptism date is often given as birth date. He emigrated on 26 Jun 1637 from New England.29,49 The American Genealogical Research Institute put out the following information on emigrant THOMPSONs in 1972. The information was gleened from the "Original List of Person's of Quality" 1600-1700 by John C. Hotten; the "Topographical Dictionary of 2885 English Emigrants to New England, 1620-1650," by Charles E. Bank; and "Emigrants from England" by Gerald Foteghergill. Anthony THOMPSON, arrived from London England abord the "Hector" in 1637. Founder of New Haven CT. Signer of the compact. Soldier against the Pequot Indians. b. 1612; d. 1647. Note: Sailed on the St. John of London, Stephen Goodyear master. 26 January 1640, along with his brother John (#3614). His parents were Henry Thomson and Dorothy Honywood. [NI26846] Anthony Thompson probably came to America, along with his wife, sons John and Anthony, and brothers John and William, with Gov. Eaton. He was at New Haven in 1639. Died the latter part of March, 1648, per William Richard Cutter, Genealogical & Family History of the State of Connecticut, Vol. II, (Orig. publ. NY, 1911; repr. by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, 1997), pg. 1000. [42905] [SOURCE] "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald Jacobus, 1981, pg. 1749 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199. "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald Jacobus, 1981, pg. 1749 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199. 1. Sailed on the St. John of London, Stephen Goodyear master. 26 January 1640, along with his brother, John 2. Title: Jacobus, Donald L.; Families of Ancient New Haven; 9 Volumes; Rome, NY 1922-32; Reprint 1974, Baltimore. Media: BookText: Date of Import: Apr 1, 1999 He signed a will on 23 Mar 1647.49 Bequeaths to wife, to eldes son, to second son Anthony, to daughter Bridget, by first wife "provided that she dispose of herself in marriage with the consent and approbation of her mother and the Elders of the Church" and to his brothers William and John Thomposn. Witnesses: John Davenport and Robert Newman. Will presented in court May 27, 1650, and "found to be defectivein sundry particulars so that court could not allow it for a legal will, yet being know that it is a declaration of the mind of the deceased concerning his estate and therefore ordered that.the wife of said Anthony Thompson should administer upon the estate according to this writing. Inventory taken Sept 26, 1648 by Richard Miles, Matthew Camfield and Wm. Thompson £150:15:04. He died on 16 Mar 1648 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.13,23,40,47,53,111,116 Death as given by Linda Crannell was March 1647/48 Also death as 16 Mar 1648 per www.familysearch.org Second death date given: June 02, 1707. (Thompson book gives this date as the death of John Thompson). He was buried in Sep 1648 in - New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.5,13,23,49,53 He has an Ancestral File Number of 94L0-GT.13,21,23,44,53 He has a reference index of I1. He has a reference number of (1).40 ANTHONY THOMPSON (1612-1647) from England on "Hector" 1637, a founder of Quinnipiack (New Haven) 1638, and signer of the Compack; soldier in Indian Troubles, 1642; m. 2nd Katherine. Thompson Lineage compiled by William Baker Thompson, published by Telegraph Printing Co., Harrisburg, PA A company of puritans led by John Davenport and Theophilus Eaton sailed from England in the Hector and another vessel (name unknown). There were three brothers in the party that left England, led by Rev. Davenport and Rev. Eaton: Anthony, John, and William Thompson. They arrived in Boston on June 25, 1637. In 1638, they settled in Quinnipac and were joined by many others from England and others already there. In 1640, the general court ordered the name changed to New Haven. In the list of names of those who formed the settlement is Anthony Thompson, "Four persons in his family"; estate 150 pounds; lands in the first division, 17 1/2 acres; in the neck, 3 1/2 acres; lands in the meadows, 92 acres; lands in the second division, 38 acres. Seating in the meeting house 1647, first for the men's seats viz. -- the middle seats have to sit in them. Anthony Thompson was assigned seat 6, William Thompson to seat 7. Secondly, for the women, seats in the middle. Sister Thompson was assigned to seat 7. They beat their drums to call people to church. The ministers wore gowns and bands as they did in England. The settlers' first Sunday in their new home was April 18, 1638. Rev. Davenport preached. On June 4, 1639, Anthony Thompson with other male members of the church signed the colony compact at a meeting held in Robert Newman's barn. Anthony was also a soldier in the Indian troubles, New Haven Colony. Anthony also had a "brother" William and a "brother" John. Both were mentioned in Anthony's will made March 23, 1648, a short time before his death at the end of the month. He was of New Haven, CT in 1639. According to Savage he had brothers John and William. He also says that Anthony 'probably came over with Gov. Eaton, bringing with him his wife and two children, John and Anthony. Their daughter Bridget was born in CT. Cutter, in his History of NY, p. 575, states that Anthony and his brothers William and John, embarked at London on the ship 'Hector' in company with Theophilus Eaton, Rev. Mr. Davenport, and others from Coventry. They arrived in Boston on 26 June 1637. He gives their reason for emigrating because they were Dissenters from the Church of England, and left home to 'enjoy quietly here the principles of their faith, as well as to avoid the constant persecutions, taxes, and exactions which were so frequent during the reign of Charles I." The Davenport Colony, as it was known, finally settled in Quinnipiac [New Haven], where Anthony signed the constitution on 4 June 1639. All three Thompson brothers secured land, John being located in East Haven. By his second wife, Catherine, he had three more children, the last, Ebenezer, thought to be a posthumous child. According to 'Banning & Allied Families', Kate Banning, 1928, the Thompson origins stem from: Thompson of Kent [spelled 'Thomson'] Thomas Thomson of Sandwich Co., Kent, Merchant had a son, Thomas, who married a Mansfield. Arms were granted to him in 1600. His children were: Henry, Anne, and Thomas. Of these three, both Henry and Thomas Both had sons named John, Anthony, and William. Which of these is Anthony of New Haven, CT may never be known. Parents: Henry THOMPSON * and Dorothy HONEYWOOD. Spouse: Mirable
FITCH x. Anthony THOMPSON * and Mirable FITCH x were married in 1631 in New
Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.52,53 Reported in Group record that
Spouse: . Anthony THOMPSON * and Katherine ?______ x were married about 1631 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.2,23,53 Note: There were three early families of the name: the brothers William, John, and Anthony from Scotland, of whom William died without issue. Anthony, William, and John embarked at London in 1637, on board the "Hector" with Gov. Eaton, Rev. Mr. Davenport and others of the New Haven colony, arriving at Boston 26 Jun 1637. They were among the first settlers at New Haven, where Anthony signed the compact, 4 Jun 1639. Children were: Bridget THOMPSON (x), Bridget THOMPSON, Anthony THOMPSON Jr, Thompson BRIDGET, Hannah (Anna) THOMPSON, Lydia THOMPSON, Ebenezer THOMPSON. Spouse: Mary WELBY. Anthony THOMPSON * and Mary WELBY were married about 1631. Children were: John (Mariner) THOMPSON *, Anthony THOMPSON Jr., Bridget THOMPSON (x). Spouse: . Anthony THOMPSON * and Mary WELBE were married on 1 Feb 1637.5,23 Spouse: . Anthony THOMPSON * and Catherine [UNKNOWN] were married about 1641 in Connecticut. Children were: Hannah (Anna) THOMPSON, Lydia THOMPSON, Ebenezer THOMPSON.  Anthony THOMPSON
Jr.43,49 was born in Dec 1634 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.50,52
He died on 29 Dec 1654 in Milford, New Haven, Connecticut.50 He has a reference index of I6933. He signed
a will.49 Bequeaths to brother
John, to his own sister, and to three half sisters, daughters of his step-mother,
goodwife Camp. Witness: Peter Prudden. Codicil witnessed by stepmother, gives
ten shillings apiece to two poor widows of the Church of New Haven, Widow Halbridge
and Widow Wilmont.
Inventory, taken Mar. 5, 1654/5 by John Nash and Thos. Kimberly. £33:11:06. According to Savage, he had no wife or children, and died before middle age. He made his Will at Milford, CT 26 Dec 1654 and died 29 Dec 1654. In it he gives his property to his brother John, mentions his 'own sister, Bridget', and three half sisters, children of 'goodwife Camp, who had been second wife of his father.' [NI26865] Died before middle age. [42949] [SOURCE] "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald Jacobus, 1981 & "Gen. Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," James Savage, 1860-1862 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199 "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald Jacobus, 1981 & "Gen. Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England," James Savage,1860-1862 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199 [42950] [SOURCE] "Genealogical Dictionary of the Early Settlers of New England," James Savage & "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald L. Jacobus, 1981, pg. 1750 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199 "Genealogical Dictionary of the Early Settlers of New England," James Savage & "Families of Ancient New Haven," Donald L. Jacobus, 1981, pg. 1750 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register," Vol 66, pg. 199 Parents: Anthony THOMPSON * and Mary WELBY. Augustus THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 has a reference index of I1814. Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Susannah THOMPSON?. Augustus W. THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,117 was born on 8 Mar 1822 in Twinsburg, Summit , Ohio. Also have year of 1823 for birth He served in the military between 1862 and 1865 in 74th Illinois Infantry. 74th Illinois Infantry Regiment History Adjutant General's Report This Regiment was organized at Camp Fuller, Rockford, in August 1862, and was mustered into service September 4, of that year. Its ten companies were recruited as follows: A, B, C, D, E, F, H and K, in Winnebago county, G, at Oregon, Ogle county, and I in Stephenson county. The first field officers were: Jason Marsh, of Rockford, Colonel; James B. Kerr, of Roscoe, Lieutenant Colonel; and Edward F. Dutcher, of Oregon, Major. Anton Nieman, of Chicago, an officer of military education, was its first Adjutant. On September 30, 1862, the Regiment reported for duty at Louisville, Ky., where the Army of the Ohio, - afterward known as the Army of the Cumberland, - was then being organized under General Don Carlos Buell. On October 1, a Brigade organization was effected, and the Seventy-fourth with the Seventy-fifth and Fifty-ninth Illinois, the Twenty-second Indiana, and the Fifth (Pinney's) Wisconsin Battery formed the Thirtieth Brigade, Ninth Division, Fourteenth Corps, Colonel Philip Sidney Post of the Fifty-ninth Illinois having command of the Brigade, General O. M. Mitchell of the Division, and General Gilbert of the Corps, the whole comprising with other troops, a command under General A. McD. McCook, designated the Right Wing. On October 24, 1862, the army, then at Bowling Green, was re-organized, under General W. S. Rosecrans, and was ever after known as the Army of the Cumberland. The Seventy-fourth while still comprised in the First Brigade, became part of the Second Division of the Fourth Army Corps, - and so continued until the close of the war, - the remainder of the Brigade, including the Thirty-sixth, Forty-fourth, Seventy-third and Eighty-eighth Illinois, The Twenty-fourth Wisconsin, the Twenty-first Michigan, and the Second and Fifteenth Missouri. Colonel Frank T. Sherman, of the Eighty-eighth, commanded the Brigade, General Phil. H. Sheridan the Division, and General Gordon Granger the Corps. On May 1, 1864, General Nathan Kimball took command of the Brigade and General Newton of the Division. At the same time General O. O. Howard was placed in command of the Fourth Corps. On July 23, 1864, a further change was made, placing Colonel Opdycke, of the Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio, in command of the Brigade, General Kimball of the Division, and General Stanley of the Corps. In September 1864, the Second Missouri was withdrawn from the Brigade, and replaced by the Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio. The Twenty-first Michigan remained in our command but a short period, and did not form a part of the First Brigade in the Atlanta Campaign. This gives in chronological detail, approximately at least, the dates of formation of the various organizations of the Army of the Cumberland, of which this Regiment made a part, as well as the names of the various officers, who, in turn, held superior commands. Moving from Louisville, soon after its organization, the Federal forces engaged in almost daily skirmishes with Bragg's Army, but it was not until October 8, 1862, that a general engagement, - known as the battle of Perryville, - was had, the issue being a victory for the Union Forces. In this action the Seventy-fourth did not participate, being held in reserve. From this time until the 7th of November following, when Nashville, was reached, the Seventy-fourth was almost constantly on the march. On Saturday, October 25, 1862, the Regiment camped at Danville, Ky.; and on the following night snow fell to the depth of three inches. On November 5, at 4 o'clock P.M., the Regiment crossed the line between Kentucky and Tennessee. The fact that the Regiment was, at last, in Dixie, was announced by loyal yells, hurrahs, and shouts infinite in number and variety of tone. From November 8 to December 26, 1862, the Regiment was encamped at Nashville, though participating, meantime, inn some expeditions made necessary by the activity of the enemy who were threatening the railroad to Louisville. On December 26, 1862, the Seventy-fourth encountered the enemy and helped to dislodge one of his batteries, whose shells had made it very uncomfortable. An advance of fourteen miles was scored. Saturday December 27, from 11 A.M. to 4 P.M., was passed in skirmishing, and slow advance in line of battle, driving the enemy. On Sunday, the 28th of December, by tacit consent, both armies rested. On Monday, the 29th of December advanced ten miles toward Murfreesboro, and bivouacked without fires. Tuesday, the 30th, there was constant skirmishing, and heavy artillery firing by both armies. This night all slept on their arms, bivouacking in the cedars without fires. At 4 o'clock on the morning of the 31st, our men fell into line and rested on their arms until break of day. At daylight, we could see the Confederate hosts in vast numbers moving up the left flank, in three columns across our front, and at once our own column began to move, by the right, scarcely more than eighty rods from, and in a line parallel to, that of the enemy, our movements being partially screened by cedar thickets through which we passed. Heavy and continuous firing was meantime heard between the skirmishers. This movement of the enemy, by column to the left, continued for about half an hour, when it ceased, and, facing to the front, the rebels made a fierce onslaught on Johnson's Division, on our right, completely surprising them, and capturing their batteries before a gun had been fired. The rapid retreat of Johnson's troops exposed our right to a severe enfilading fire, and, to avoid this, our Brigade at once changed from to the rear, and, falling back some sixty rods, took positions behind a rail fence. This movement was accomplished without confusion, and the lines were unbroken. Scarcely had the men faced to the front when the Confederates advanced on our front in an overwhelming force of three lines. As soon as our men had been formed, our Division General, Jeff. C. Davis, rode along in front, and turning to the men said, "Give them hell, Seventy-fourth, keep cool, and fire low!" - and then trotted calmly past, as if it had been a review. We had not long to wait. The enemy commenced firing at low range, but heedful of the good advice given, the Regiment reserved its fire until they were close upon us, and then opened with volley after volley, which made the solid lines recoil, but could not permanently check the advance of such superior numbers against our own light lines. Meanwhile the Fifth Wisconsin bull-dogs poured in grape and canister at short range, making fearful havoc in the closely pressing Confederate ranks. The rebels came on, and we could plainly hear the commands "forward", "close up", amid the din of shot and shell. It being a choice between retreat, and the utter destruction or capture of the entire Division, we were ordered to fall back. The Seventy-fourth retreated only after every other regiment of the Division had fallen to the rear. This movement, made in the face of a vastly superior pursuing force, was not without some confusion; but after falling back three-fourths of a mile, the men were rallied, the lines reformed, and the enemy not only checked, but driven pack a considerable distance. The casualties of the engagement to the Seventy-fourth were 8 killed, 35 wounded, 42 missing or captured - Total 85. In his report of the action, Colonel Post used the following language: "The deliberation and order with which the Seventy-fourth Illinois Regiment retired is especially commended". This closed the chapter for 1862, though on the same night a portion of the Regiment had a brush with the Confederate cavalry. On January 1, 1863, the Seventy-fourth was in line of battle all day, and had some skirmishing with the enemy. On the night of January 2, the command was moved across Stone River in support of the extreme left, then heavily engaged; but before reaching the scene of action, the rebels were in full retreat. On the morning of Sunday, the 4th, it was learned that the enemy had evacuated Murfreesboro, the principal portion of his army falling back to Shelbyville. In this sketch of a series of actions, beginning with the fight at Nolensville, on the 26th day of December, in which the Seventy-fourth engaged, and continuing with incessant march and skirmish for eight days, it had been necessary to pass rapidly by many details. The result of the movement was the immediate establishment of our army in a fortified camp along the hardly won line of Stone River. After the establishment of the Union Army at Murfreesboro, no general movement occurred until the 24th of June 1863, when the march upon Tullahoma was begun. The Seventy-fourth broke camp on the morning of June 24, 1863, to commence that campaign of incessant march, battle and skirmish, which terminated in the fierce struggle of September 19 and 20, on the line of Chickamauga, and the occupation of Chattanooga by the Union forces. On Monday, the 17th of August, the army moved. After short marches, during that and the next three days, the Seventy-fourth went into camp at Stephenson, Ala., and there remained until the 30th of August, on which day camp was broken, the march resumed and, at 4:30 P.M., pontoons having been laid, the Tennessee was crossed. After several marches, with picket duty, and light skirmishing, the Brigade reached Valley Head, Ala., a position it had been designated to occupy and hold. Here the Brigade of Colonel Post, detached from the Division, remained until Friday, September 18, when it moved toward Chattanooga, over the mountains, escorting the supply trains which were constantly threatened by Wheeler's cavalry, with whom frequent brushes were had. On the 20th of September the command rested at Stevens Gap. Our Brigade was at this time entirely cut off from the rest of the army, and in imminent danger of capture. We had heard the fighting of the 19th, and could hear the engagement of the 20th raging in the distance; but it was not until the 22d of September, when the Brigade fortunately made a junction with the balance of the Division at Peavine Creek, that we learned the story of the defeat of our army on the bloody hills along the Chickamauga. On September 24, the Seventy-fourth and Twenty-second Indiana make a reconnoisance, discovering the enemy, with whom a skirmish was had, very strongly posted, in force, in from of Post's Brigade. On November 14, the Regiment received from the ladies of Rockford its new flag, destined to receive a fiery christening eleven days after. On the morning of the 25th the Union left, under Sherman, had made several ineffectual assaults on the Confederate right. This was the position of affairs, when, at 2:30 P.M., Sheridan's, Baird's and Wood's Divisions of Granger's Corps, then formed some 80 rods from the enemy's skirmishers received the order to move forward and carry the rebel rifle pits at the foot of the Ridge. In less time that it takes in the telling the rebel rifle pits were carried by our men, and most of the surviving occupants made prisoners. Here the troops paused, breathless, but only for a few minutes, when Generals Wood and Sheridan, on their own motion, as was afterwards stated, and without direction from their superior officers, gave the order to storm the ridge. How completely successful that assault was there is little need to say. In that charge the new flag of the Seventy-fourth was borne by Chas. E. Allen, of Company E. He soon fell struck by a minie, but the colors had hardly dropped from his nerveless grasp before they were seized by Alba Miller, of Company C, who carried them but a short distance, when he, too, was hit and severely wounded, and the falling flag was grasped by Corporal Compton, of Company D, who soon after fell, mortally struck, about a rod below the crest of the ridge. The dangerous emblem, which seemed to be a favorite mark for the enemy, was snatched from the hands of the dying Compton by Corporal Fred Hensey, of Company I, who soon planted it, pierced by fifteen bullet holes, upon the rebel works, - the first Union flag to fly upon the hard-won crest of that rugged hill. In this assault, the Seventy-fourth lost 14 killed, 39 wounded, and 6 missing. Of the wounded, several survived but a short time. The Seventy-fourth took part in the expedition to Knoxville, the occupation of Louden, near which the Regiment ran a mill, grinding into flour, for the army, wheat gathered up in the adjacent country, and the camp at Davis Ford, on the Little Tennessee. And here, for a moment, let us take a backward glance at this Regiment, which had left Camp Fuller 940 strong. A few of its morning reports remain, and to these we will refer. On March 31, 1863, there were present for duty 438. On October 5, 1863, this had been reduced to 380. At Mission Ridge, the exact figures are not at hand, but the Regiment did not number, in this action, more than 340 combatants, of whom 59, or 17 per cent, were placed that day hors du combat. On the 2d of May 1864, the Regiment must have had about 350 effective men, field and line, as many of its wounded in the actions of the preceding November had recovered, and rejoined the command. Of the casualties of the Atlanta campaign there remained the following records: May 14 and 15, at Resaca, 4 killed, 22 wounded; May 17, Adairsville, 1 killed, 28 wounded; May 31, Dallas, 5 killed, 7 wounded. The total casualties from May 2, when the Regiment left Cleveland, Tenn., to June 11, at Ackworth, Ga., comprised 11 killed and 49 wounded. In this hasty record no total list of casualties of the campaign has been obtainable; neither can we dwell upon the many stubbornly contested engagements in which the Regiment took part. We come at last to that mad assault of June 27, at Kenesaw, where the Regiment met the severest loss in its history, going into the fight with 201 men and coming out with 138, a loss of 31 per cent. The detailed loss was killed, 12, wounded, 38, missing, 13; total 63. After the action four men of the Seventy-fourth who had been reported among the missing were found dead upon the field. Under date of June 29, 1864, a memorandum is found showing the total casualties of the Regiment from May 2 to June 29, inclusive, as follows: killed, 39; wounded, 107; missing, 10; total 156. On the 28th of June, the morning after Kenesaw fight, the Seventy-fourth's effective force comprised 127 enlisted men and 11 officers. In that action its four ranking captains were killed, its only field officer captured, and its adjutant wounded. Its 5th captain, assumed command, and two of its companies were placed in charge of non-commissioned officers, while with each of the remaining companies there was but one commissioned officer. Coming to this point in our story, we have passed by many engagements in which the Seventy-fourth took part, among them, May 7th, at Tunnel Hill; May 9th, at Rocky Faced Ridge, up whose rugged side, inaccessible for artillery horses, the Regiment hauled two Parrott guns by ropes, and where an all-day's skirmish ensued; the occupation of Dalton on the 13th of May; May 14th and 15th, a fierce engagement at Resaca; a skirmish during the entire afternoon of the 16th of May, just after crossing the Oostenaula, and about three miles south of Resaca; May 17th, the action at Calhoun; an all-day's skirmish, at times rather lively, on the 26th of May; May 27th and 28th, slow advances and constant skirmishes, and a loss of several men killed and wounded. At 8 P.M. on the 29th of May, a hot engagement, lasting an hour, under a heavy fire from the enemy's artillery, with his pickets; June 1st, a skirmish; June 6th, an advance as flankers, slowly driving the rebel pickets; June 15th, skirmishing, forcing the enemy's pickets back two miles; June 16th, the action at Lost Mountain; June 17th, an all-day skirmish and a charge upon the enemy's line of rifle pits, thrown up the night before, which our men carried in fine style, with their usual yell, and immediately occupied; June 18th, an all-day skirmish, driving the rebels back one mile into a line of earthworks thrown up the preceding night. On the 19th of June the Seventy-fourth had a rest from the incessant skirmishing, the gallant old Thirty-sixth Illinois being in advance that day. On the 20th, 21st and 22d of June, the men were engaged in throwing up earthworks, one line after another being abandoned as our advance drove the enemy back upon their main fortifications at Kenesaw. This work was prosecuted under a constant fire from the enemy's artillery, and in its progress the Regiment lost many killed and wounded. On the 23rd the Seventy-fourth moved out of its works at 4 P.M., to support the skirmishers hotly engaged. A brisk action ensued, in which one man was killed and several wounded. The Regiment was all of that day on the skirmish line, and was not relieved until 9 P.M. The 25th and 26th days of June were comparatively quiet, the men of either army seeming content to take a rest. Following quickly on the fruitless assault of June 27th, came those movements of Sherman's which, on July 2d, resulted in the evacuation by Johnston of the strong position of Kenesaw and the occupation by Sherman's army of Marietta, on July 3d. Moving with the army on the 3d, the Seventy-fourth passed that night on the picket lines, and celebrated the 4th by a skirmish, lasting the entire day, in which seven men were wounded, town of whom survived only until the following morning. From this time until the occupation of Atlanta, the chapter is one of constant march and skirmish and battle, including Hood's fierce assaults of the 20th and 22d of July, in the first of which the Seventy-fourth was engaged, losing a number of men. Hood had superseded Johnston in command of the Confederate forces July 17. Reviewing the progress made, we find the Regiment in the skirmish at Vining's Station, on July 5th. July 9th, a march of fourteen miles was scored, and the Chattahoochie forded at 7 P.M., after a hot day; the night of the 13th was passed in throwing up earthworks; on the 14th the Regiment was engaged in building a bridge at Power's Ford, on the Chattahoochie, to enable the artillery to be moved across the river; on the 17th the Seventy-fourth made a reconnoisance about a mile in advance, but did not find the enemy. At 6 A.M. on the 18th, the men were on the move, and at 8 A.M. were skirmishing with the enemy, and so continued in rather lively fashion for an hour. That night we bivouacked but six miles from Atlanta, about which the lines were every day more closely drawn. On the night of the 19th Peach Tree Creek was crossed, and along the stream were formed the Federal lines which repulsed the fierce assaults of Hood on the 20th and 22d. Soon after the action on the 22d, the siege of Atlanta was fairly begun, and early in August all communications with the beleagured city, save by the single line of railway to Macon, was completely cut off. We will not follow in detail the movements of the Regiment, as the siege progressed during August 1864. From the 30th of August to the 3d of September, the Division was engaged in the movement to the south of Atlanta. In these operations, after destroying several miles of railway on the 1st, the Division had a hot engagement with the enemy late in the afternoon of the same day, at Jonesboro, in which the Confederates were completely defeated, the losses of the day in the Seventy-fourth numbering fourteen wounded and missing. In advance on the following day, September 2d, the Division passed through Jonesboro, and late in the afternoon had another brush with the enemy, who gave way. On the 8th of September 1864, the Division rejoined the army at Atlanta, reoccupying the camp held by it, one and half miles from the city. Here the Army of the Cumberland remained in quarters until September 25th, when it was transferred by rail to Chattanooga, to meet the threatening demonstrations of Hood, reaching that city the following day at 2 P.M. On the 8th of October the Regiment was moved by rail to Resaca, and, on the following day, returning to Chattanooga, when near Red Clay, Ga., two cars of the train were thrown from the track, resulting in killing Assistant Surgeon Sherman C. Ferson, and seriously wounding nine men - five of Company C and four of Company H. The remaining events of 1864 must be passed quickly. On the 31st of October the Division was transferred by railroad to Pulaski, in West Tennessee, from whence, on November 22d, it was moved to Nashville, then threatened by Hood. On the 29th of November, at Spring Hill, the Fourth Corps had a lively engagement with the enemy's cavalry, during the rebel force over a mile. In this action the Seventy-fourth had one man killed and three wounded. That same day the Division moved to Franklin, where a strong line of earthworks was immediately thrown up. On the afternoon of the following day, November 30th, the impetuous Hood made his attack on the works. Ten times were his men hurled furiously upon the lines of Thomas, and ten times were they repulsed with fearful slaughter, many of them being killed by blows from picks and shovels in the hands of the Federals. Of the loss of the Regiment that day no record has been found. In that action the Seventy-fourth and Eighty-eighth were united, and acted as one regiment, under command of Colonel Smith, of the Eighty-eighth. The next day Generals Thomas and Wood rode along the line, and halting in front of the consolidated regiments, General Wood called forward Colonel Smith, and addressing him, said: "I wish, Colonel, in the presence of General Thomas, to repeat - what General Stanley assured me was true - that it is owing to the bravery of yourself and men that we saved the army at Franklin". In effect, by his tacit assent, this was praise from "Old Pap Thomas" - and higher praise no man could ask for. On the 15th and 16th of December 1864, were fought the battles at Nashville, resulting in the complete defeat of Hood, and his rapid retreat out of Tennessee, pursued by the forces of Thomas. In both of these actions the Seventy-fourth took part with honor. On the 16th, General Post, our old brigade commander, was wounded, as then supposed fatally. The chronicler has found no data on which to estimate the strength of the Regiment at the end of 1864, but it appears that on December 3d, of that year, twelve days before the actions at Nashville, it mustered 126 muskets. We may close the chapter of 1864, and, turning to 1865, we find the Regiment in winter quarters, in January, at Huntsville, Ala. February and March passed with some movements, but no general engagements, by the Army of the Cumberland; and in the latter month Thomas was concentrating his forces at Knoxville and Chattanooga. On the 10th of June 1865, the Seventy-fourth, then numbering 343 officers and men, of whom some portion had been recruited since leaving Camp Fuller, was mustered out of service at Nashville, Tenn., and shortly after set out on their return to Rockford, where, arriving June 29th, they met a hearty public reception at the hands of the citizens. Appended is a tabular statement, complied from the reports of the Adjutant General of the State, showing the original strength of the Regiment, and its numbers, including recruits, when mustered out. The full complement of the Field and Staff, at the outset, comprised a Surgeon, Assistant Surgeon and Chaplain. These officers were not present when the Regiment was mustered in, but being subsequently mustered, soon after joined the command. They, consequently, with some enlisted men, sick in hospital, or absent for other reasons on muster day, are shown on the official rolls as recruits. Among those included in the enumeration "mustered out June 10, 1865", are several men who, three days before, had been assigned to the Thirty-sixth Illinois; and, under the same head, are included a few who, either being on detached service, prisoners, or from sickness, could not be present on the 10th, at Nashville, and therefore, were not, in fact, discharged from the service until the latter part of June 1865. NOTICE: This material may be freely used by non-commercial entities for educational and/or research purposes as long as this message remains on all copied material. These electronic pages cannot be reproduced in any format for profit or other presentation without the permission of The Illinois USGenWeb Project. (c) 1997 The ILGenWeb Project All Rights Reserved ====================================================================== = Roster of the 74th Illinois FIELD AND STAFF Colonels: Jason Marsh, Thomas J. Bryan Lieutenant Colonels: James B. Kerr, Thomas J. Bryan Majors: Edward P. Ducher, Thos. J. L. Remington Adjutants: Edward A. Blodgett, Anton Nieman, Andrew M. Potter Quartermasters: Lewis Williams, Walter D. B. Morrill, John H. Nye Surgeon: Charles N. Ellinwood First Ass't Surgeons: Henry Strong, Chesseldon Fisher, Sherman C. Ferson, Albert L. Coates Second Ass't Surgeon: Chesseldon Fisher Chaplains: Timothy B. Taylor, Ira Fayette Pettibone NON-COMMISIONED STAFF Sergeant Majors: Rudolphus W. Peake, William Caine Q.M. Sergeant: George E. Dunbar Commis. Sergeants: Gardner S. Allen, David Rugg Hospital Stewards: Amrose Woodruff, George N. Dickerson Principal Musicians: Asher Miller, Sheperd Norcross, Joe Blanchard, George A. Hurd, Charles W. Gerham Company A Captains: Thomas J. Remington, Josiah W. Leffingwell, Sylvester Clement First Lieutenants: Josiah W. Leffingwell, Sylvester Clement, James S. Cowan Second Lieutenants: Alfred Barker, Sylvester Clement, John Vance, James S. Cowan First Sergeant: Sylvester Clement Sergeants: John Vance, Wm. S. Leffingwell, Norman C. Robimson Corporals: James Hunter, Robert J. Coulter, Edward Dufoe, John N.Smith, Amana Hutchins, John M. Eden, Wm. H. Hitchcock Musicians: Richard W. Smith, James H. Potter Wagoner Robert Parker Privates: Atkinson, Brown C. Ellis, Adam O'Rourke, Matthew Atkinson, D. E. Ellis, H. D. Parker, William Atkinson, George P. Gile, Elias B. Parker, William R. Anderson, Augustus Gillespie, James M. Parkhurst, Edmund F. Allen, Titus W. Griffith, Thomas Phagan, William I. Baker, Luke Goff, John Q. Palmer, Nathaniel Barker, Reuben G. Halsted, Samuel B. Rice, Harvey Black, Edward Harris, Willaim C. Riddle, Samuel M. Benjamin, David L. Hastings, Gustavus A. Roffe, Arthur Bird, Pierson Hatch, D. R. Rogers, John Blinn, Bruce P. Henry, John Y. Rummelhart, John Briggs, Thomas Holer, Matthew Rummelhart, Joseph Clay, C. H. Higby, Edwin G. Streeter, Charles A. Cary, J. W. Hill Lorenzo Sweet, Sylvester Clay, C. H. Jenkins, John Samuel, Smith Clay, G. G. Jordan, Robert Scott, Cyrus Cherry, John G. Kewish, William D. Taylor, Henry P. Cook, Henry King, Gilbert Ufford, Andrew W. Catton, George W. Leffingwell, Bird Urquhart, James E. Christman, Henry Martin, Clarence Vanarsdale, Samuel Chubb, Joseph W. Morgan, Theron H. Wattles, William Dobson, Daniel Morse, Samuel N. Webster, Issac Dunbar, George E. Morris, E. G. Woddle, Allen McCormick, Hugh Recruits: Cowan, James S Haskins, Amos Urquhart, William Dell, George M. Marshall, Alexander Weaver, George W. Company B Captains: David O. Buttolph, Augustus W. Thompson First Lieutenants: Augustus W. Thompson, Edwin Swift Second Lieutenant: Edwin Swift First Sergeant: John H. Buttolph Sergeants: Wilson H. Moulton, James P. Barker, Edward Thompson, Edgar Swift Corporals: George Rugg, Alfred Williams, Benjamin C. Brown, William E. Lowe, William Wallace, Frank Flynn, Henry A. Stebbins, Frank Chapman Musicians: Manemas C. Goucher Thomas T. Boyen Privates: Anderson, William P. Graham, John Pettibone, Edward D. Anderson, John Y. Goucher, William M. Pierce, Frederick H.Anderson, Charles Gerricks, John R. Powers, Samuel E. Billick, Alonzo Hemphill, Lewis L. Rinehart, Hiram Billick, Hiram Hulse, Joseph Rinehart, Jonas Billick, Luman Hay, James B. Rugg, David Brennan, Joseph S. Henderson, Gilson Seaton, William L. Brennan, Richard H. Hess, Erastus W. Sperry, Angus J. Brown, Isiah Harrell, John A. Smith, Ora N. Brown, Frederick Imholtz, Joseph Sargent, James A. Cole, Alden Kilburn, Ancil D. Shaw, Edward S. Chapel, Joshua L. Kidder, Benjamin F. Simmons, Uriah Carpenter, Romeo Kipp, David G. Stevens, Charles M. Corwin, Ezra W. Kennedy, Frederick Sumner, Irvin S. Collins, Erastus Kelley, Lewis M. Swift, Rudolphus Cullin, Patrick Kinney, Joseph Tryan, Otha J. Clark, Issac B. King, George L. Walters, Samuel Canady, Joshua Lock, Horton Wells, Chester He served in Civil War 74th Illinois in Aug 186249 HISTORY OF THE SEVENTY-FOURTH ILLINOIS INFANTRY (ADJUTANT GENERAL' S REPORT) This regiment was organized at Camp Fuller, Rockford in August 1862, and was mustered into service September 4, of that year. Its ten companies were recruited as follows: A, B, C, D, E, F, H and K in Winnebago county, G at Oregon, Ogle county, and I in Stephensen county. The first field officers were: Jason Marsh, of Rockford, Colonel: James B. Kerr, of Roscoe, Lieutenant Colonel: and Edward F. Dutcher, of Oregon, Major. Anton Nieman of Chicago, an officer of military education, was its first Adjutant. On September 30, 1862, the Regiment reported for duty at Louisville, Ky., where the Army of the Ohio, - afterward known as the Army of the Cumberland, - was then being organized under General Don Carlos Buell. On October 1, a brigade organization was effected, and the Seventy-fourth with the Seventy-fifth and Fifty-ninth Illinois, the Twenty-second Indiana, and the Fifth (Pinney's) Wisconsin Battery formed the Thirtieth Brigade, Ninth Division, Fourteenth Corp, Colonel Sidney Post of the Fifty-ninth Illinois having command of the Brigade, General O. M. Mitchell of the Division, and General Gilbert of the Corps, The whole comprising under General A. McD. McCook, designated the Right Wing. On October 24, 1862, the army, then at Bowling Green, was re-organized, under General W. S. Rosencrans, and was ever after known as the Army of the Cumberland. The Seventy-fourth while still comprised in the First Brigade, became part of the Second Division of the Fourth Army Corps, - and so continued till the close of the war, - the remainder of the Brigade, including the Thirty-sixth , Forty-fourth, Seventy-third and Eighty-eighth Illinois, the Twenty-fourth Wisconsin, the Twenty-first Michigan, and the Second and Fifth Missouri. Colonel Frank T. Sherman, of the Eighty-eighth Illinois, commanded the Brigade, General Phil. H. Sheridan the Division, and General Gordon Granger the Corps. On May 1, 1864, General Nathan Kimball took command of, the Brigade, and General Newton of the Division. At the same time General O. O. Howard was placed in command of the Fourth Corps. On July 22, 1864, a further change was made, placing Colonel Opdyke, of the Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio, in command of the Brigade, General Kimball of the Division, and General Stanley of the Corps. In September, 1 1864, the Second Missouri was withdrawn from the Brigade and replaced by the Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio. The Twenty-first Michigan remained in our command but a short period and did not form a part of the First Brigade in the Atlanta Campaign. This gives in Chronological detail, approximately at least the dates of formation of the various organizations of the Army of the Cumberland, of which this Regiment made a part, as well as the names of the various officers, who in turn, held superior commands. Moving from Louisville, soon after its organization, the federal forces engaged in an almost daily skirmishes with Bragg's Army, but it was not until October 8, 1862, that a General engagement , - known as the Battle of Perryville, was had, the issue being a victory for the Union Forces. In this action the Seventy-fourth did not participate, being held in reserve. From this time until the 7th of November following, when Nashville was reached, the Seventy-fourth was almost constantly on the march. On Saturday, October 25, 1862. The Regiment camped at Danville, Ky., and on the following night snow fell to the depth of three inches. On November 5, at 4 o'clock P. M. the Regiment crossed the line between Kentucky and Tennessee. The fact that the Regiment was, at last in Dixie, was announced by loyal yells, hurrahs, and shouts infinite in number and variety of tone. From November 8 to December 26, 1862, the Regiment was encamped at Nashville, though participating, meantime, in some expeditions made necessary by the activity of the enemy who were threatening the railroad at Louisville. On December 26, 1862, the Seventy-fourth encountered the enemy and helped dislodge one of its batteries, whose shells had made it very uncomfortable. An advance of fourteen miles was scored. Saturday, December 27, from 11 A. M. to4 P.M., was passed in skirmishing, and slow advancing in line of battle, driving the enemy. On Sunday, the 28th of December, by tacit consent, both armies rested. On Monday, the 29th of December, the Regiment advanced ten miles toward Murfreesboro, and bivouacked without fires. Tuesday, the 30th, there was constant skirmishing and heavy artillery firing by both armies. This night all slept on their arms, bivouacking in the cedars without fires. At 4 o'clock on the morning of the 31st, our men fell into line and rested on their arms until break of day. At daybreak we could see the Confederate hosts in vast numbers moving up the left flank, in three columns across our front, and at once our own column began to move, by the right, scarcely more than eighty rods from and in a line parallel to, that of the enemy, our movements being partially screened by cedar thickets through which we passed. Heavy and continuous firing was meantime heard between the skirmishers. This movement of the enemy, by column to the left, continued for about half an hour, when it ceased, and facing to the front, the rebels made a fierce onslaught on Johnson's Division on our right, completely suprising them, and capturing their batteries before a gun had been fired. The rapid retreat of Johnson's troops exposed our right to a severe enfilading fire, and to avoid this, our Brigade at once changed front to the rear, and, falling back some sixty rods, took up a position behind a rail fence. This movement was accomplished without confusion, and the lines were unbroken. Scarcely had the men faced to the front when the Confederates advanced on our front in an overwhelming force of three lines. As soon as our men had been formed, our Division General, Jeff C. Davis, rode along our front , and turning to the men said, " Give them hell, Seventy-fourth, keep cool , and fire low!" -and then trotted calmly past, as if it had been a review. We had not long to wait. The enemy commenced fire at long range, but heedful of the good advice given, the Regiment reserved its fire until they were close upon us, and then opened with volley after volley, which made the solid lines recoil, but could not permanently check the advance of such superior numbers against our own light lines. Meanwhile the Fifth Wisconsin bull dogs poured in grape and canister at short range, making fearful havoc in the closely pressing Confederate ranks. The rebels came on, and we could plainly hear the commands "forward," and "close up," amid the din of shot and shell. It being a choice between retreat, and utter destruction, or capture of the entire Division, we were ordered to fall back. The Seventy-Fourth retreated only after every the regiment of the Division had fallen to the rear. This movement, made in the face of a vastly superior pursuing force, was not without some confusion; but after falling back three-fourths of a mile, the men were rallied, the lines reformed, and the enemy not only checked but driven back a considerable distance. The casualties of the engagement to the Seventy-fourth were 8 killed, 35 wounded, 42 missing or captured - Total 85. In his report of the action, Colonel Post used the following language: " The deliberation and order with which the Seventy-fourth Illinois Regiment retired is especially commended. " This closed the chapter for 1862, though on that same night a portion of the Regiment had a brush with the Confederate cavalry. On January 1, 1983, the Seventy-fourth was in line of battle all day, and had some skirmishing with the enemy. On the night of January 2, the command was moved across Stones River in support of the extreme left, then heavily engaged; but before reaching the scene of the action, the rebels were in full retreat. On the morning of Sunday, the 4th, It was learned that the enemy had evacuated Murfreesboro, the principal portion of his army falling back to Shelbyville. In this sketch of a series of actions, beginning with the fight at Nolansville, on the 26th day of December, in which the Seventy-fourth were engaged, and continuing with incessant march and skirmish for eighty days, it has been necessary to pass rapidly by many details. The result of the movement was the immediate establishment of our army in a fortified camp along the hardly won line of Stones River. After the establishment of the Union Army at Murfreesboro, no general movement occurred until the 24th of June, 1863, when the march upon Tullahoma was begun. The Seventy-fourth broke camp on the morning of June 24, 1863 to commence that campaign of incessant march, battle and skirmish, which terminated in the fierce struggle of September 19 and 20, on the line of Chickamagua, and the occupation of Chattanoga by the Union forces. On Monday, the 17th of August, the Army moved. After short marches, during that and the next three days, the Seventy-fourth went into camp at Stephensen, Ala., and there remained until the 30th of August, on which day camp was broken , the march resumed and at 4:30 P.M., pontoons having been laid, the Tennessee was crossed. After several marches, with picket duty, and light skirmishing, the Brigade reached Valley Head, Ala., a position it had been designated to occupy and hold. Here the Brigade of Colonel Post, detached from the Division, remained until Friday, September 18 when it moved toward Chattanoga, over the mountains, escorting the supply trains which were constantly threatened by Wheeler's cavalry, with whom frequent brushes were had. On the 20th of September the command rested at Steven's Gap. Our Brigade was at this time entirely cut off from the rest of the army, and in imminent danger of capture. We had heard the fighting of the19th, and could hear the engagement of the 20th raging in the distance; but it was not until the22nd of September, when the Brigade fortunately made a junction with the balance of the Division at Peavine Creek, that we learned of the defeat of our army on the bloody hills along the Chickamagua. On September 24, the Seventy-fourth and Twenty-second Indiana made a reconnaissance, discovering the enemy, with whom a skirmish was had, very strongly posted, in force, in front of Post's Brigade. On November 14, the Regiment received from the ladies of Rockford its new flag, destined to receive its fiery christening eleven days afterward. On the morning of the 25th the Union left, under Sherman, had made several ineffectual assaults on the Confederate right. This was the position of affairs, when at 2:30 P.M., Sheridan's, Baird's and Wood's Divisions of Granger's Corps, then formed some 80 rods fro the enemy skirmishers, received the order to move forward and carry the rebel rifle pits at the foot of the Ridge. In less time than it takes in the telling the rebel rifle pits were carried by our men, and most of their surviving occupants made prisoners. Here the troops paused, breathless, but only for a few minutes, when Generals Wood and Sheridan, on their own motion, as was afterward stated, and without direction from their superior officers, gave the order to storm the ridge. How completely successful that assault was there is little need to say. In that charge the new flag of the Seventy-fourth was borne by Chas. E. Allen, of Company E. He soon fell truck by a minie, but the colors had hardly dropped from his nerveless grasp before they were seized by Alba Miller, of Company C, who carried them but a short distance, when he, too, was hit and severely wounded, and the falling flag was grasped by Corporal Compton, of Company D, who soon after fell, mortally struck, about a rod below the crest of the ridge. The dangerous emblem, which seemed to be a favorite mark for the for the enemy, was snatched from the dying Compton by Corporal Fred Hensey, of Company I, who soon planted it pierced by fifteen bullet holes, upon the rebel works, - the first Union flag to fly upon the hard won crest of rugged hill. In this assault, the Seventy-fourth lost 14 killed, 39 wounded, and 6 missing. Of the wounded, several survived but a short time. The Seventy-fourth took part in the expedition to Knoxville, the occupation of Louden, near which the Regiment ran a mill, grinding into flour, for the army, wheat gathered up in the adjacent country, and the camp at Davis Ford, on the Little Tennessee. And here, for a moment, let us take a backward glance at this Regiment, which had left Camp Fuller 940 strong. A few of its morning reports remain, and to those we will refer. On March 31, 1863, there were present 438. On October 5, 1863, this had been reduced to 380. At Mission Ridge, the exact figures are not at hand, but the Regiment did not number, in that action, more than 340 combatants, of whom 59, or 17 per cent., were placed that day hors de combat. On the 2nd of May, 1864, the Regiment must have had about 350 effective men, field and line, as many of its wounded in the action of the proceeding November had recovered and rejoined the command. Of the casualties of the Atlanta campaign there remained the following records: May 14 and 15 at Resaca, 4 killed, 22 wounded; May 17, Adairsville, 1 killed, 28 wounded; May 31 Dallas, 5 killed, 7 wounded. The total casualties from May 2, When the Regiment left Cleveland, Tenn., to June 11, at Ackworth, Ga., comprised 11 killed and 49 wounded. In this hasty record no total list of casualties of the campaign has been obtainable; neither can we dwell upon the many stubbornly contested engagements in which the Regiment took part. We come at last to that mad assault of June 27, at Kenesaw, where the Regiment met its severest loss in its history, going into the fight with 201 men and coming out with 138, a loss of 31 per cent. The detailed loss was killed 12, wounded 38, missing 13; total 63. After the action four men of the Seventy-fourth, who had been reported among the missing were found dead upon the field. Under date of June 29, 1864, a memorandum is found showing the total casualties of the Regiment from May 2 to June 29, inclusive, as follows: killed, 29; wounded, 107; missing 18; total 156. On the 28th of June, the morning after the Kenesaw fight, the Seventy-fourth's effective force comprised 127 enlisted men and 11 officers. In that action its four ranking captains were killed, its only field officer captured, and its adjutant wounded. Its fifth captain assumed command, and two of its companies were placed in charge of non-commissioned officers, while with each of the remaining companies here was but one commissioned officer. Coming to this point in our story we have passed by many engagements in which the Seventy-fourth took part, among them, May 7th at Tunnel hill; May 9th at Rocky Faced Ridge, up whose rugged side, inaccessible for artillery horses, the Regiment hauled two Parrot guns by ropes, and where an all day's skirmish ensued; the occupation of Dalton on the 13th of May; May 14th and 15th, a fierce engagement at Resaca: a skirmish during the entire afternoon of the 16th of May, just after crossing the Oostenaula, and about three miles south of Resaca; May 17th, the action at Calhoun; an all day skirmish, at times rather lively, on the 26th of May; May 27th and 28th, slow advances and constant skirmishes, and a loss of several men killed and wounded. At 8 P.M. on the 29th of May, a hot engagement, lasting an hour, under a heavy fire from the enemy' s artillery, with his pickets; June1st, a skirmish; June 6th,an advance as flankers; slowly driving back the rebel pickets; June 15th, skirmishing, forcing the enemy's pickets back two miles; June 16th, the action at Lost Mountain; June 17th, an all day's skirmish, and a charge upon the enemy's line of rifle pits, thrown up the night before, which our men carried in fine style, with their usual yell, and immediately occupied; June 18th, an all-day skirmish, driving the rebels back one mile into a line of earthworks thrown up the preceding night. On the 19th of June the Seventy-fourth had a rest from the incessant skirmishing, the gallant old Thirty-sixth Illinois being in advance that day. On the 20th, 21st and 22nd of June, the men were engaged in throwing up earthworks, one line after another being abandoned as our advance drove the enemy back upon their main fortifications at Kenesaw. This work was prosecuted under a constant fire from the enemy's artillery, and in the process the Regiment lost many killed and wounded. On the 23rd the Seventy-fourth moved out of its works at 4 P.M., to support the skirmishers hotly engaged. A brisk action ensued, in which one man was killed and several wounded. The Regiment was all that day on the skirmish line, and was not relieved until 9 P.M. The 25th and 26th days of June were comparatively quiet; the men of either army seemed content to take a rest. Following quickly on the fruitless assault of June 27th, came those movements of Sherman's which, on July 2nd, resulted in the evacuation by Johnston of the strong position of Kenesaw and the occupation by Sherman's army of Marietta, on July 3rd. Moving with the army on the 3rd, the Seventy-fourth passed that night on the picket lines, and celebrated the 4th by a skirmish, lasting the entire day, in which sevenmen were wounded, two of whom survived only until the following morning. From this time until the occupation of Atlanta, the chapter is one of constant march and skirmish and battle, including Hood's fierce assaults of the 20th and 22nd of July, in the first of which the Seventy-fourth was engaged, losing a number of men. Hood had superseded Johnston in command of the Confederate forces July 17th. Reviewing the progress made, we find the Regiment in the skirmish at Vining's Station, on July 5th. July 9th, a march of fourteen miles was scored, and the Chattahoochie forded at 7 P.M. , after a hot day ; the night of the13th was passed in throwing up earthworks; on the 14th the Regiment was engaged in building a bridge at Power's Ford, on the Chattahoochie, to enable the artillery to be moved across the river; on the 17th the Seventy-Fourth made a reconnaissance about a mile in advance, but did not find the enemy. At 6 A.M. on the 18th, the men were on the move, and at 8 A.M. were skirmishing with the enemy, and so continued in rather lively fashion for an hour. That night we bivouacked but six miles rom Atlanta, about which the lines were every day more closely drawn. On the night of the 19th Peach Tree Creek was crossed, and along the stream were formed the Federal lines which repulsed the fierce assaults of Hood on the 20th and 22nd. Soon after the action of the 22nd the siege of Atlanta was fairly begun, and early in August all communication with the beleaguered city, save by a single railway to Macon was completely cut off. We will not follow in detail the movements of the Regiment, as the siege progressed during August 1864. From the 30th of August to the 3rd of September, the Division was engaged in the movement to the south of Atlanta. In these operations, after destroying several miles of railway on the 1st, the Division had a hot engagement with the enemy late in the afternoon of the same day, at Jonesboro, in which the Confederates were completely defeated, the losses of the day in the Seventy-fourth numbering fourteen wounded and missing. In advancing on the following day, September 2nd, the Division passed through Jonesboro, and late in the afternoon had another brush with the enemy, who gave way. On the 8th of September, 1864, the Division rejoined the army at Atlanta, reoccupying the camp held by it, one and half miles from the city. Here the army of the Cumberland remained in quarters until September 25th, when it was transferred by rail to Chattanoga, to meet the threatening demonstration of Hood, reaching that city the following day at 2 P.M. On the 8th of October the Regiment was moved by rail to Resaca, and, on the following day, returning to Chattanoga, when near Red Clay, Ga., two cars of the train were thrown from the track, resulting in killing Assistant Surgeon Sherman C. Ferson, and seriously wounding nine men - five of Company C and four of Company H. The remaining events of 1864 must be passed quickly by. On the 31st of October the Division was transferred by rail to Pulaski, in West Tennessee, from whence, on November 22nd, it was moved to Nashville, then threatened by Hood. On the 29th of November, at Spring Hill, the Fourth Corp had a lively engagement with the enemy's cavalry, driving the rebel force over a mile. In this action the Seventy-fourth had one man killed and three wounded. That same day the Division moved to Franklin, where a strong line of earthworks was immediately thrown up. On the afternoon of the following day, November 30th, the impetuous Hood made his attack on the works. Ten times were his men hurled furiously upon the lines of Thomas, and ten times they were repulsed with fearful slaughter, many of them being killed by blows from picks and shovels in the hands of the Federals. Of the loss of the Regiment that day no record has been found. In that action the Seventy-fourth and Eighty-eighth Illinois were united, and acted as one regiment, under command of Colonel Smith, of the Eighty-eighth. The next day Generals Thomas and Wood rode along the lines, and halting in front of the consolidated regiments, General Wood called forward Colonel Smith, and addressing him, said: "I wish, Colonel, in the presence of General Thomas, to repeat - what General Stanley assured me was true - that it is owing to the bravery of yourself and your men that we saved the army at Franklin." In effect, by his tacit assent, this was praise from, "Old Pap Thomas"- and higher praise no man could ask for. On the 15th and 16th of December, 1864, were fought the battles at Nashville, resulting in the complete defeat of Hood, and his rapid retreat out of Tennessee, pursued by the forces of Thomas. In both of these actions the Seventy-fourth took with honor. On the 16th, General Post, our old brigade commander, was wounded, as then supposed fatally. The chronicler has found no data on which to estimate the strength of the Regiment at the end of 1864, but it appears that on December 3rd, of that year, twelve days before the actions at Nashville, it mustered 126 muskets. We may close the chapter of 1864, and turning to 1865, we find the Regiment in winter quarters, in January, at Huntsville, Ala. February and march passed with some movements, but no general engagements, by the Army of the Cumberland; and in the latter months Thomas was concentrating his forces at Knoxville and Chattanoga. On the 10th of June, 1865, the Seventy-fourth, then numbering 343 officers and men, of whom some portion had been recruited since leaving Camp Fuller, was mustered out of service at Nashville, Tenn., and shortly after set out on their return to Rockford, where arriving June 29th, they met a hearty public reception at the hands of the citizens. Appended in a tabular statement, compiled from the reports of the Adjutant General of the State, showing the original strength of the Regiment, and its numbers, including recruits, when the Regiment was mustered out. The full complement of the Field and Staff, at the outset, comprised a Surgeon, Assistant Surgeon and Chaplain. These officers were not present when the Regiment was mustered in, but being subsequently mustered, soon after joined the command. They, consequently, with some enlisted men, sick in hospital, or absent for other reasons on muster day, are shown on the official rolls as recruits. Among those included in the enumeration "mustered out June 10th, 1865," are several men who, three days before had been assigned to the Thirty-sixth Illinois; and under the same head, are included a few who, either being on detached service, prisoners, or from sickness, could not be present on the 10th, at Nashville, and therefore were not, in fact, discharged from service until the latter part of June, 1865. 74th il homepage. ================================================================= 74th ILLINOIS INFANTRY Dyer's Regimental History from A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion, vol. III, Regimental Historiesby Frederick H. Dyer [1908] Regiment lost during service 5 Officers and 78 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and Officers and 116 Enlisted men by disease. Total 202. Organized at Rockford, III., and mustered in September 4, 1862. Moved to Louisville, Ky., September 28-30. Attached to 30th Brigade, 9th Division, Army of the Ohio, to October, 1862. 30th Brigade, 9th Division, 3rd Corps Army Ohio, to November, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Right Wing 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to January, 1863. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 20th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to October, 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 4th Army Corps, to June, 1865. SERVICE Pursuit of Bragg into Kentucky October 1-16, 1862. Chaplin Hills near Perryville October 6-7. Battle of Perryville October 8. Lancaster October 15. March to Nashville, Tenn., October 16-November 7, and duty there till December 26. Wilson's Creek Pike December 25. Advance on Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 26-30. Nolensville, Knob Gap, December 26. Battle of Stone's River December 30-31, 1862, and January 1-3, 1863. At Murfreesboro till June. Reconnaissance from Salem to Versailles March 9-14. Operations on Edgeville Pike June 4. Middle Tennessee or Tullahoma Campaign June 22-July 7. Liberty Gap June 22-24, and June 24-27. Occupation of Middle Tennessee till August 16. Passage of Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River and Chickamauga (Ga.) Campaign August 16-September 22. Guard supply trains over mountains in rear of Bragg's army during battle of Chickamauga. Near Chattanooga September 22-24. Siege of Chattanooga September 24-November 23. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23-27. Orchard Knob November 23-24. Mission Ridge November 25. Pursuit to Graysville November 26-27. March to relief of Knoxville, Tenn., November 28-December 8. Operations in East Tennessee till February, 1864. Moved to Chattanooga and thence to Cleveland, Tenn. Duty there till May. Atlanta (Ga.) Campaign May 1-September 8. Tunnel Hill May 6-7. Demonstration on Rocky Faced Ridge May 8-11. Buzzard's Roost Gap May 8-9. Demonstration on Dalton May 9-13 . Battle of Resaca May 14-15. Adairsville May 17. Near Kingston May 18-19. Near Cassville May 19. Advance on Dallas May 22-25. Operations on Line of Pumpkin Vine Creek and battle about Dallas, New Hope Church and Allatoona Hills May 25-June 5. Operations about Marietta and against Kenesaw Mountain June 10-July 2. Pine Hill June 11-14. Lost Mountain June 15-17. Assault on Kenesaw June 27. Ruff's Station July 4. Chattahoochie River June 5-17. Buckhead, Nancy's Creek, July 18. Peach Tree Creek July 19-20. Siege of Atlanta July 22-August 25. Flank movement on Jonesboro August 25-30. Battle of Jonesboro August 31-September 1. Lovejoy Station September 2-6. Operations against Hood and Forest in North Georgia and North Alabama September 29-November 3. Nashville Campaign November-December. Columbia, Duck River, November 24-27. Spring Hill November 29. Battle of Franklin November 30. Battle of Nashville December 15-16. Pursuit of Hood to the Tennessee River December 17-28. Moved to Huntsville, Ala., and duty there till March 1865. Operations in East Tennessee March 28-April 19. Moved to Nashville, Tenn., and duty there till June. -------------- 74th Illinois Infantry Regiment Three Year Service September 4, 1862 - June 10, 1865 Assigned to: Army of the Ohio: September 1862 - November 1862 Army of the Cumberland: November 1862 - June 1865 Battles/Campaigns Engaged in Perryville, Stone's River (Murfreesboro), Tullahoma Campaign, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge(Chattanooga), Atlanta Campaign [Buzzard's Roost Gap, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree Creek, Jonesborough], Spring Hill, Franklin,Nashville Augustus W. Thompson (First_Last) Regiment Name: 74 Illinois Infantry Side: Union Company B Soldier's Rank_In: 1 Lieut. Soldier's Rank_Out: Corp. Alternate Name Augustus W./Thomson Notes Film Number M539 roll 90 He died on 29 Dec 1909 in Pecatonica, Winnebago , Illinois.40,49 He was buried in - Thompson Cemetery, Winnebago County, Illinois. He has a reference index of I1868. He has a reference number of J-4.40 See pg. 36(b) for newspaper article about Augustus' jury duty. From the Rockford Gazette of February 21, 1885; Capt. A.W. Thompson was written in an exhaustive complimentary biography. "The Chicago scribe certainly forms a very accurate opinion of Captain Thompson's appreciation (?) of these election brigands, who would have stolen the whole State if half an opportunity had presented itself, and we have little doubt that Mr. Thompson will give an unbiased decision, according to the testimony adduced, but if his own personal feelings could settle the business he would doubtless hang the whole plundering, thieving mob.: Mr. A.W. Thompson, of Pecatonica, is one of the jurors in the celebrated Mackin trial in Chicago. He has now been on the jury for over two weeks, and during that time he has not seen a newspaper, so that he does not know of the fall of Khartoum or whether the Illinois Legislature is dead locked yet or not. Mr. Thompson is thus described by a Chicago paper. "Mr. Thompson, a farmer from Pecatonica, sits in the middle of the front row. He has a thin, intelligent-looking profile, black hair, mustache and whiskers, and he wears black clothes, the coat being a short sack. He wears a heavy gold fob chain.. Juror Thompson has blue eyes - one of them a glass - which he keeps constantly fixed with a cold and accusing glare alternately upon the defendants and their counsel. The accused view Juror Thompson with dread. Mr. Thompson is an inveterate tobacco-chewer, and while enjoying a fresh chew of the weed, has a habit of closing his good eye; but the other one continues its cold stare."" On pg 39, Ancestors and Descendants of Joel W. Thompson, there is an extended article about Captain Augustus W. Thompson, his father who fought in the war of 1812 and their trip from Ohio to Illinois. The article goes on to tell about Augustus trading in buffalo hides and Indian robes and taking them by boat to St. Louis. In 1844, he married Mariah E. Wells and in 1850, he went to New York City and on to New Orleans and then to Havana Cuba. From there, he crossed the Isthmus and sailed to San Francisco. There he borrowed $350 for the use of which he paid fifty percent interest. After two years in the mining, he returned to Pecatonica. He became tired of farming and went into the dry goods business with Robert Coleman. He sold out in 1857 and went to Nevada and engaged in teaming and made as high as $100 per day in this business. After two years and a half in Carson City, the Civil War broke out and he returned to Illinois. On his return, the Captain began buying grain, then a drug store but sold it in 1862. On August first 1862, Governor Richard Yates sent Mr. Thompson a commission to raise a company of volunteers to assist in putting down the rebellion. He succeeded in recruiting 65 men in five days, and when the enrollment had reached 110 men, the governor commissioned him as a lieutenant. They were mustered in on the 4th of September, 1862 as Company B, Seventy-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. After the battle of Stone River, Lieutenant Thompson was promoted to the captaincy of his company. In the battle of Spring Hill, the captain was shot in the right eye. The surgeon concluded he would die, and he was left on the field, but finally recovered with the loss of the eye. Captain Thompson kept that rebel bullet that shot out his eye after it was extracted. It was in his head for three and a half years before it was removed. Captain Thompson was a member of Ellis Post, No. 320, G.A.R. He also belonged to the Rawlson lodge, No. 145, A.F. and A.M. He was a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal church and for many years led the choir in the local church. The Captain died in the later part of December, 1909. (From an article of "Early Days in the town of Pecatonica" ). !Augustus's BIRTH and DEATH: Family Bible in possession of Faye Hilton, Pecatonica, Ill From Copy of Obituary and (MARR:) Early Marriages of Winnebago Co. From the Illinois Civil War rosters database. THOMPSON, AUGUST W B 74 INF PECATONICA Parents: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON * and Emily MILLS *. Spouse: . Augustus W. THOMPSON and Eunice Mariah WELLS were married on 12 Sep 1844 in Seward Twp., Winnebago , Illinois.40 Children were: Andrew N. THOMPSON, John THOMPSON, Anna M. THOMPSON, George Mills THOMPSON, Augusta E. THOMPSON.  Bertha THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 died in 1917 in Webster City,
Hamilton, Iowa. She has a reference index of I1982. She
has a reference number of J-5-6.40
Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS *.Spouse: . George HELLEN and Bertha THOMPSON were married on 28 Oct 1880. Children were: Warren HELLEN, Ellen HELLEN, Hannah HELLEN, George HELLEN Jr.. Bertha Belle THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 died on 6 Mar 1945.55 She has a reference index of I2640. She has a reference number of J-5-3-3.40 Parents: Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN. Spouse: . William (Will) ROSEMORE and Bertha Belle THOMPSON were married on 3 Jun 1908 in Pingree, Stutsman, North Dakota.70 Children were: Pearl ROSEMORE, Forrest ROSEMORE. Bridget THOMPSON (x)2,3,5,6,8,9,10,11,30,31,39,40,41,42,43,49,51,52,53,111,118 was born about 1636 in Lenham, Kent County, England.49,53,118 Alternate birthdate for AFN:NPGB-VF. Location is still given as Lenham England. Birth also given as 1638 and second location is given as Connecticut. Additional Birth date listed as abt 1630 in Lenham, Kent, England Additional Birth date listed as abt 1632 in Lenham, Kent, England She died on 19 May 1720 in Derby, New Haven, Connecticut.50,53,119 She has an Ancestral File Number of G3NS-8F.2,5,53 Alternate AFN:1S5P-3LB or AFN:NPGB-VF She has a reference index of I226. Mother is Mirable Fitch Parents: Anthony THOMPSON * and Mary WELBY. Parents: Anthony THOMPSON * and Katherine ?______ x. Spouse: . Reverend John BOWERS (x)
and Bridget THOMPSON (x) were married between 1657 and 1660.120 [42719] [SOURCE] "Families of Ancient New Haven,"
Donald Jacobus, 1981 & "Thompson Families of CT," NEHGS "Register,"
Vol 66, pg. 199
Spouse: . William HOADLEY and Bridget THOMPSON (x) were married after 1687 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.2 Bruce David THOMPSON. Parents: Albert Kay THOMPSON * and Frances Arlene FOX *. Spouse: . Children were: Jessica Lynn THOMPSON. Charle Fenn (Dickens) THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 was born on 8 Mar 1892.55 He died on 20 Mar 1961.17,55 Death date according to MBS was Mar 20, 1961 at Spencer, Iowa. Death was updated on 21 May 2001 He has a reference index of I2644. He has a reference number of J-5-3-9.40 Parents: Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN. Spouse: . Charle Fenn (Dickens) THOMPSON and Irene Doris HERRIG were married on 16 Feb 1916.70 According to the letter from Blanch Thompson on January 18, 1920, (one month before she died), Charlie and Irene lived in Iowa. Children were: Charles Dale THOMPSON, Gene Ray THOMPSON, Charlene H. THOMPSON. Charles THOMPSON3,5,6,8,9,10,11,13,39,42,47,95 was born about 1610 in Charing, Pett County, Kent, England.2,13 He has an Ancestral File Number of 9GV0-XR.5,13 He has a reference index of I125. Parents: Henry THOMPSON * and Dorothy HONEYWOOD. Charles THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 was born about 1836.64 He appeared in the census in 1850 in Ohio.64 Charles A. Thompson, age 14, Male, Ohio He has a reference index of I1987. He has a reference number of J-5-11.40 Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS *. Spouse: . Charles THOMPSON and Emma THOMPSON? were married. Chloe THOMPSON3,10,11,25,40,41,42,43,121 was born on 11 Aug 1743 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.49 Location assumed. Second location is indicated as Goshen, Litchfield Co., Connecticut. Chloe, dau Dea. ____, b Aug 11, 1743 From Goshen, CT Vital Revords from the Barbour Collection 1739 to 1854 Transcribed by Coralynn Brown Names starting with T to Y She died on 24 Dec 1814. She has an Ancestral File Number of J8JM-2P.25 Alternate AFN:144D-CWT She has a reference index of I1796. Parents: Deacon Gideon THOMPSON * r and Lydia PUNDERSON *. Spouse: . Elisha HERBERT and Chloe THOMPSON were married about 1763 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut.40,121  Clarence
Danford THOMPSON *3,10,40,41,42,55,65,70 was born on 25 Jun 1884 in Fonda, Pocahontas, Iowa.17 He appeared in the census in
1910 in TWP 104 N RANGE 76 W, Lyman, Lyman, South Dakota.64 1910 Federal Census South Dakota
Name: Clarence Thompson Age in 1910: 25 Estimated Birth Year: 1884 Birthplace: Iowa Home in 1910: TWP 104 N RANGE 76 W, LYMAN, South Dakota Race: White Gender: Male Series: T624 Roll: 1484 Part: 2 Page: 149A Year: 1910 He appeared in the census in 1920 in Holt Co, Nebraska.98 Age 35 in Census 1920 census Name: Clarence D Thompson Age: 35 years Estimated birth year: 1884 Birthplace: Iowa Race: White Home in 1920: Ewing, Holt, Nebraska He appeared in the census in 1930 in Nells Twnship, Harvey City, Nells, North Dakota.64 1930 census Clarence d Thompson Age: 45 Estimated birth year: abt 1885 Birthplace: Iowa Relation to head-of-house: Head Race: White Home in 1930: Harvey, Wells, North Dakota He was buried on 13 Mar 1971 in Carnation, King , Washington. Novelty Cemetary, Carnation, Washington. He died in Mar 1971 in Carnation, King , Washington.55 The Family Bible listed death location as Seattle, Wash. Birth was updated on 21 May 2001 Marriage was updated on 21 May 2001 He has a reference index of I2455. He has a reference number of J-5-3-5.40 Clarence Danford Thompson is my Grandfather. His middle name was corrected after the Thompson family picnic 12 Jul 1997, and discussion with AK Thompson. Other information about Clarence Danford (Danforth) Thompson came from the same discussion: He worked on the Sioux Line RR (Soo Line, The) as mechanic. He went to Harvey ND as a strike breaker, then went to work for the local (Harvey ND) Ice company. Middle name was again corrected by Madeline (Thompson) Allen in her notes of September 10, 2001. Stated to be Danford in her grandmothers family bible Parents: Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN. Spouse: Blanche Miller KAY *. Clarence Danford THOMPSON * and Blanche Miller KAY * were married on 15 Sep 1908 in Kennebec, Lyman, South Dakota.55 Children were: Fern Olive THOMPSON, Vernon Raymon THOMPSON, Albert Kay THOMPSON *, Madelene Alice THOMPSON. Spouse: . Clarence Danford THOMPSON * and Elizabeth HALSTRAND were married in 1944 in Washington.81 Children were: Margaret Lavonne THOMPSON. Spouse: . Clarence Danford THOMPSON * and Marie THOMPSON? were married. Clarisa THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 was born on 8 Nov 1806 in Ohio. She died on 8 Nov 1884.17 She has an Ancestral File Number of 1CT5-VPV.2 She has a reference index of I1811. Joined the Congregational Church of Hudson 3 Feb 1833 and left that church 26 Apr 1836. They were in the 1850 census of Owen Township, Winnebago Co. Ill but by 1860, they had moved to the city of Rockford. Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Susannah THOMPSON?. Spouse: . Rial K TOWNE and Clarisa THOMPSON were married on 7 Mar 1827 in Hudson, Summit (formerly Portage), Ohio.2 Children were: Edmond Burt TOWNE, Solon M TOWNE, Lucy Hannah TOWNE, Charles TOWNE, Denison Rial TOWNE, Orrin TOWNE. David THOMPSON3,10,25,40,41,42,43 was born on 1 Dec 1731 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut. Location Assumed. A second location is listed as Goshen, Litchfield Co., Connecticut. He died on 1 Dec 1807 in Poultney, Rutland, Vermont. He was buried in - East Poultney Cemetery, East Poultney, Rutland, Vermont.122 He has an Ancestral File Number of J8JL-X2.25 He has a reference index of I1793. They resided at Litchfield, CT and Poultney, VT, and are said to have had eleven children.. Parents: Deacon Gideon THOMPSON * r and Lydia PUNDERSON *. Spouse: . David THOMPSON and Hannah GRISWOLD were married on 20 Nov 1760 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut. Children were: Rhoda THOMPSON, Lucy THOMPSON, David THOMPSON, Louisa THOMPSON, Jesse THOMPSON, Amos THOMPSON, Olive THOMPSON, Hannah THOMPSON, Esther THOMPSON, Sally THOMPSON, Lucy(2) THOMPSON, Levisa THOMPSON, Amos THOMPSON. Deanna Sue THOMPSON. Parents: Albert Kay THOMPSON * and Frances Arlene FOX *. Spouse: . Children were: Kelly Sue SANDEN, Kim Jolene SANDEN, Kevin Arthur SANDEN, Krissa Lea SANDEN. Edward THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 has a reference index of I1986. He has a reference number of J-5-10.40 Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS *. Spouse: . Edward THOMPSON and Lizzie THOMPSON? were married. Children were: Charles THOMPSON. Edward J. THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 was born on 6 Jul 1836 in Twinsburg, Summit , Ohio. He died on 20 May 1873.102 He has a reference index of I1874. He has a reference number of J-10.40 (Twin) Possible listing in the Illinois Civil War Roster database. THOMPSON, EDWARD B 74 INF PECATONICA Parents: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON * and Emily MILLS *. Spouse: . Edward J. THOMPSON and Jennie Ryan SHAY were married. Children were: Walter THOMPSON, Nina H. THOMPSON, Florence Belle THOMPSON. Edwin THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 was born on 6 Jul 1836 in Twinsburg, Summit , Ohio. He died on 11 Apr 1875 in Pecatonica, Winnebago , Illinois.40 He has a reference index of I1873. He has a reference number of J-9.40 (Twin) Parents: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON * and Emily MILLS *. Spouse: . Edwin THOMPSON and Emma Jane THORNE were married on 1 Jan 1858 in Pecatonica, Winnebago , Illinois.40 Children were: Viola THOMPSON, Nettie THOMPSON, Isola THOMPSON. Elisha THOMPSON3,6,9,10,11,25,29,30,31,40,41,42,43,44,53,123,124,125,126,127 was born on 23 Oct 1729 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut. Location assumed. Second location is given as Goshen, Litchfield Co., Connecticut. He died on 24 Apr 1812 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut.49 Died in the French and Indian War. He was buried in - Center Cemetery, Goshen, Connecticut. He has an Ancestral File Number of C0RD-FM.2,25,44,53,125,126,127 He has a reference index of I9. Parents: Deacon Gideon THOMPSON * r and Lydia PUNDERSON *. Spouse: . Elisha THOMPSON and Dorcas WRIGHT were married in 1754/55 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut.18 Children were: Johnathan THOMPSON, Sarah [Thomson] THOMPSON, Deborah THOMPSON, Gideon THOMPSON *, Solomon THOMPSON *, Edward THOMPSON *, Elisha THOMPSON, Israel THOMPSON, Harriet THOMPSON, Lydia THOMPSON, Samuel THOMPSON, Edward THOMPSON, Jonathan THOMPSON. Elizabeth THOMPSON3,5,6,8,9,10,11,13,39,40,41,42,43,91,95 was born on 20 Sep 1607 in Lenham, Kent County, England.13,47,95 Birth is also given as MAR 1647/48 She was christened on 20 Sep 1607 in Lenham, Kent County, England.5,13,91 Baptism date is often given as birth date. She died in Mar 1648.13,95 She has an Ancestral File Number of NKND-7R.5,13 She has a reference index of I128. Parents: Henry THOMPSON * and Dorothy HONEYWOOD. Elizabeth THOMPSON h md2,3,11,26,35,43,78,93 was born on 3 Jun 1657 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.26,35,78 She died on 3 Nov 1718 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.26,35,78 She has an Ancestral File Number of 9M82-N5.2,26,35,78 She has a reference index of I6265. Parents: John (The Farmer) THOMPSON x and Ellen HARRISON x. Parents: John (The Farmer) THOMPSON x and Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Parents: John THOMPSON and Ellen HARRISON x. Parents: Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Parents: John THOMPSON and Mrs. Dorothy THOMPSON x. Spouse: . Benjamin BRADLEY and Elizabeth THOMPSON h md were married on 29 Oct 1677 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut. Children were: Sarah BRADLEY. Elizabeth Selina THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,65 was born on 14 Sep 1882 in Fonda, Pocahontas, Iowa.17 She died on 4 Feb 1961 in Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota.17 d.s.p. (Without issue) She has a reference index of I2641. She has a reference number of J-5-3-4.40 Parents: Albert THOMPSON * and Mary Frances CHAPMAN. Spouse: . A. Hugh WARNER and Elizabeth Selina THOMPSON were married on 12 Jun 1910 in Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota.70 No Children Ellen THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,55,59,65 was born after 1842.59 She died on 31 Aug 1936 in Los Angeles, Los Angeles , California.59 She was buried in - Webster cemetery., Webster City, Hamilton, Iowa.40,59 She has a reference index of I1979. She has a reference number of J-5-2.40 Parents: Abraham THOMPSON * and Salina DOWNS *. Spouse: . Alfred Judson WELLS and Ellen THOMPSON were married. Emily Florilla THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42 was born on 26 Jan 1830 in Twinsburg, Summit , Ohio. She died on 25 Mar 1878.40 She has a reference index of I1871. She has a reference number of J-7. There is a conflict also with birth dates of Emily F. Thompson. Ref: Ancestors and decendants of Joel W. Thompson show a birth date of 26 Jan 1830 while the Portrait and Biographical Record of Winnebago and Boone County, 1892 show her birth date as 1828 near Hudson, OH. Parents: Deacon Joel W THOMPSON * and Emily MILLS *. Spouse: . Robert B. COLEMAN and Emily Florilla THOMPSON were married in 1847 in Winnebago, Winnebago, Illinois.40 Children were: Lizzie COLEMAN. Enos THOMPSON r3,6,8,9,10,11,25,30,31,39,40,41,42,43,49,111,128,129,130 was born on 18 Aug 1717 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.50,111 He signed a will on 20 May 1752 in Smithfield, Dutchess , New York.49 On 20 May 1752, Enos Thompson "of Smithfield in the great nine partners in Dutchis County in ye province of New York" deeded land to Hannah Thompson of New Haven (New Haven Deeds, vol. 17, p. 57). Children were recorded at New Haven. He died on 23 Jun 1806 in Nine Partners, Dutchess, New York. Alternate death place was given as Pittstown, Rensselaer Co. , New York He has an Ancestral File Number of JVTZ-L1.25,129,130 He has a reference index of I68. The date is not known, but the family moved to Nine Partners, New York. A grandson, according to the Tuttle Genealogy (p.704) was Enos Thompson Throop, governor of New York Parents: Captain Samuel THOMPSON * m and Rebecca (Rebeckah) BISHOP * x. Spouse: . Enos THOMPSON r and Sarah HITCHCOCK were married on 2 Apr 1741 in New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.40,47,111 Children were: Israel THOMPSON, Rebecca THOMPSON, Enos THOMPSON, Jesse THOMPSON, Abiah THOMPSON, Son THOMPSON, Abiah(2) THOMPSON. Erik Lynn THOMPSON *. Parents: Keith Albert THOMPSON * and Mardella Elaine KUEHN *. Spouse: . Children were: Alexander Woodward THOMPSON *, Kathryn Constance THOMPSON. Esther THOMPSON x2,11,35,57,59,78,79,104,131 was born between Jan 1646 and 1650 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,59,78,79 Date was stated as Jan 1649/50. She died on 27 Aug 1678 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.59,78 She has a reference index of I8661. Also was I8662 She has an Ancestral File Number of PT0Q-7N.35,59,78 She has an Ancestral File Number of MKKW-Z9.59,78 Also shows AFN PT0Q-7N This Esther Thompson (AFN:MKKW-Z9) may well be the same as Esther Thompson (AFN:PT0Q-7N). Parents: John THOMPSON x and Mirable FITCH x. Esther THOMPSON11,35,57,79 was born in Jan 1649 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,79 She died on 27 Aug 1678 in Stratford, Fairfield, Connecticut.35,79 She has an Ancestral File Number of MKKW-Z9.35 Parents: John THOMPSON x and Mirable FITCH x. Esther THOMPSON3,10,40,41,42,59 was born on 24 Feb 1777 in Goshen, Litchfield , Connecticut.59 She died on 16 Apr 1860 in Cuyahoga Falls, Summit, Ohio.59 She has a reference index of I1804. Parents: Decon Stephen THOMPSON Sr.* and Mary WALTER *. Spouse: . George PEASE and Esther THOMPSON were married on 15 Oct 1797.40
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