Descendants of James Chambers

Occupations

Army & Mounted Police

          James Chambers enlisted on 22 March 1831 at Liverpool, England, in the 4th (King's Own) Regiment that came to Australia in 1832 and remained until 1837. He arrived on the barque Parmelia which left Sheerness in the South West of England on the 28 Jul 1832 and arrived in Sydney Harbour on 16 Nov 1832. He was part of the thirty-one man rank and file guard on the vessel, of whom twenty-nine were 4th regiment soldiers, escorting 196 convicts to the colony. On 1 Nov. 1834 he was seconded to the military mounted police where he served for fifteen years, for the first ten months on foot, and then the balance as a mounted trooper ⁵ .
         In 1849 the decision was taken to abolish the military mounted police force. James was discharged in November that year and rejoined the British Army as a private in the 11th Regiment. For mounted police returning to the army a parchment certificate was provided giving details of service in the mounted police. One hundred and sixty years on James's certificate survives and is held by the Mitchell Library in Sydney. Also in a rare act of generosity the government allowed the discharged men to keep their cloaks. The 11th regiment's Pay and Muster Rolls for the first three quarters of 1850 listed him on its effective strength but "on furlough awaiting discharge". The Sept. Quarter 1850 roll gave his discharge date as 30 Sep. 1850, birth place as Macclesfield, and that he had been a labourer at the time of enlistment on 22 March 1831 ⁵.
        During the period 1839-1850 his name appeared only once in the Mounted Police Defaulter's Book. The offense he committed was recorded as "getting married without liberty" and the date committed as 10 Dec 1841. The punishment was he be "dismounted" for an unspecified period - likely for a month or so ⁶⁷. If James had held a rank he would likely have lost it, as it was noted in April 1844 for exactly the same offence, Lance-Sergeant Abraham Kershaw was reduced to trooper. At the time of James' offence the commandant of the mounted police was Capt. J. W. Nunn of the 80th regiment, which was also the regiment in which James was a supernumerary, his substantive position having been transferred to that regiment when the 4th left the colony for India in 1837. Presumably the reason prior approval of the commandant was required would have been to enable the intended to be vetted to ensure she was of good character and not say the girlfriend of a bushranger perhaps marrying a trooper to obtain inside information on police movements!
          Although the 11th regiment's pay and muster rolls recorded James was paid by it as a soldier until 30 Sep 1850, by notice in the Government Gazette of 19 Jul 1850 he was appointed the Chief Constable at Wagga Wagga, where the holding of petty sessions had commenced in 1847 when a court room and watchhouse were built, and a Chief Constable (Michael Norton) was appointed at a remuneration of £70 P.A. It was said the 1850's began with people "flocking down to Wagga Wagga". In 1851 the Chief Constable was responsible for the policing aspect of the maintenance of law and order over a wide area assisted by three ordinary constables and a watchhouse keeper ⁶⁸.
          There are mentions of James in the Wagga Wagga Bench Book that recorded the proceedings of the bench of magistrates there during the period he was the Chief Constable (AONSW reel #594). In the Government Gazette of 8 Oct 1850 James was listed as having purchased, at an auction of thirty-three town allotments held on 31 July 1850, a half acre block with a 66 foot frontage to Trail Street, South Wagga Wagga for the upset price of £4. This was the second auction of town land - the first having been held the previous year on 29th Nov 1849 following the proclamation of the town six days earlier on the 23rd. The Wagga Wagga appointment was certainly a step forward in life for him, with the attendant status and remuneration of £70 P.A. an advance on the approx. £20 P.A. with rations applicable to a British Army private. However it was short-lived as he resigned on 30th Sept. 1851 from the civil police force to join the rush to the gold diggings ⁶.

Gold Mining

          Prior to her death in 1953 a James and Margaret granddaughter Ida Ringland née Chambers deposited family photos and papers in the Mitchell Library - see the linked Manuscripts Index card catalogue. This unsighted by the compiler deposit likely was the source for some of the below family history that in part appeared in a 1994 published book that dealt mainly with the history of the NSW mid-north coast town of Bowraville and distict ².
          Following the April 1851 announcement of the discovery of gold at the Ophir north-west of Bathurst, by the time James had resigned his police position on 30 Sep 1851, the rush that was to transform Australia was well underway with him being just one of thousands from all walks of life who left their occupations to chance their hand at obtaining riches. The 1994 Glenn Bradley authored book stated his name was connected with Chambers' Creek, a north flowing tributary of the Macquarie River that joins it about 4 kilometres south of its' junction with the Turon River, where it said he was "reputed" to have been the discover of a rich gold field to which a rush eventuated about seven years after his death, resulting in the creek there being named after him and likewise a town that once had a population of 20,000 ! ⁷
          One might well ask is any aspect of this amazing creek and town naming claim etc. actually true? Certainly the population claim is well astray. It would be surprising if at the height speculative activity and mining activity there in 1872-73 the small town that came into existance and the reefs mined east of the creek had a peak population for more than a few months even one tenth that claimed. The claimed population would have been that of the whole Tambaroora goldfield area that included the principal town of Hill End 11 kilometres to the north that in 1872-73 had 28 of the 52 hotels in the area. By comparison the most hotels noted for the town of Chambers was three! After floation in London in late 1872, the Sir John Moore Gold Mining Company in 1873 installed a stamping battery beside the creek for the crushing of ore brought across it from its mine on a flying-fox. It was said it then employed one hundred men, which not only made it the highest capitalised company to operate there, but also the single largest employer in the history of the Chambers' Creek field ⁷.
          The linked maps show - the area north of Bathurst where Chambers Creek is located as it appeared on an 1866 map of NSW, the location and ruins of the red-brick constructed Sir John Moore quartz ore crushing battery chimney (extant in 1979), the southern extremity of the Chambers' Creek mining leases, location of the once small village of Chambers south of the battery, and mentions in the 1875 to 1877 NSW Department of Mines Annual Reports of remnants of gold mining activity at the locality. The latter stated by the end of 1875 only three leases on the main line of reefs were being worked - Allen's, the Bismark & the Sir John Moore, of which the last named was still persevering at the end of 1875 with twelve men employed. By the end of 1876 all leases from the southern extremity of Hawkins' Hill just south of Hill End to Chambers Creek were entirely unoccupied ⁷.
          In respect of the claim that the creek was named after James, the Mitchell Library manuscript librarian has advised the Chambers family papers deposited in 1953, whilst making the same claim made in the Bradley book of a gold field discovery there by James, and subsequent naming of the creek after him, do not contain any supporting documents. Maps showing where the various types of gold were extracted in the Tambaroora and Turon gold fields, newspaper reports, and other writings suggest the creek was not a source for alluvial gold extraction during the years James flourished, although alluvial gold was extracted from the Macquarie River both above and below the creek's point of entry during the major gold rushes to the general area that began in June 1851. Early in July newspapers published suggestions by the NSW Government Geologist of places with potential for alluvial gold mining, which was then the only type of gold mining there was, that actually directed prospectors to the very section of the Macquarie where Chambers Creek joined it. He recommended they target the bar at the junction with the Turon, and the big bar across the Macquarie three miles downstream at "Walgumbulla" which would have been no more than a mile below where Chambers' Creek enters the river. It is probable after resigning from the police, that from late 1851 James became one of the thousands who spent some time at the Turon River diggings, and at some of the other diggings on the Macquarie River and its tributary creeks, as well as later at other gold mining areas in NSW or Victoria ⁷.
          However the claim that the creek and township that sprang up beside it, were named after him because he had been the discoverer of a rich gold field there that seven years after his death was a target for mining during the 1870s gold rush to the area, did not relate to the finding of alluvial gold of which in any case there is no evidence of deposits having been found in the creek, but to the discovery of quartz gold there that is mined from veins in reefs and on which a royalty for its extraction was payable to the goverment. There is no evidence that such was discovered at Chambers Creek until 1871 by when James Chambers had been dead for seven years! Thus it is apparent the claim Chambers Creek and the township there were named after James can have no merit. Following the 1871 reef gold discovery at the locality, in the early 1870s for a short few years a mining mania took hold there with the establishment of over ninety mining leases on the three reefs lying to the east of the creek and speculation in their purchase, mining company formation, and actual gold mining activity of the quartz reefs that proved in most cases not payable ⁷.
          According to books, authored by a lifetime Hill End area resident Harry Hodge in the mid 1960s, the circumstances of the naming of the creek were that following the discovery of reef gold there in 1871 it was named after a Mr. Chambers who in partnership with another held a quartz mining lease on one of the three Chambers' Creek reefs ⁷.
          Stated in the cited Bradley book is that James Chambers died of apoplexy on 17 Jul 1864 at Wombat, located about 13 kilometers south of Young, and the death certificate recorded his then occupation as storekeeper at Wombat. Eight months earlier the 25 Sep 1863 birth registration for Wombat born son William gave his father's occupation as gold miner suggesting James may have mostly followed occupations associated with the precious yellow metal, such as prospector and miner etc., for about twelve years from the time he left the NSW civilian police force in Sept. 1851 until not long before his death ².

Family

Chambers family - possibly Margaret & youngest children

       James Chambers married Margaret Mackay in 1841 at Dungog when serving with the 4th Division of military mounted police which covered the Hunter Valley. Margaret was the third born of the five children of Angus Mackay (McKay) and his first wife Jane Clarke. With her father, his second wife Christina, and six siblings, Margaret arrived in Australia on the James Moran which left Lochinvar in Scotland on 22 Oct 1838 and arrived in Sydney Harbour on 11 Feb 1839. Her father initially found work in Sydney with the government in his trade as a carpenter before moving to Dungog. In all he had sixteen children from his two marriages and when he died in 1894 at Bowraville on the mid-north coast of NSW his obituary stated he had 276 living descendants and was only four months shy of his hundredth birthday ⁶⁹ .
       As mentioned in the "Third Marriage" section of the linked to web page detailing the history of Margaret's second husband Augustus Raymond no Chambers family event certificates or transcripts of the official registrations have been obtained by the compiler. In regard to ascertaining if twelve named in the Bradley book as the issue of James and Margaret (no source for the names was cited) were all their children, the 1864 and 1887 death registrations for James and Margaret should list the names and ages of their then living issue, and the birth certificates for those born after official registration began in March 1856 should give the numbers of Margaret's previous issue, both male and female, enabling a progressive numerical verification. Margaret's 1867 second marriage registration may also have the number of her then living issue.
       The Chambers papers deposited in the Mitchell Library by Ida Ringland in 1953 do not contain a family tree. However the library has advised when cataloguing the papers a former librarian drew up a tree relying upon notes contained in items numbered 1, 2, and 4, listed on the card catalogue. That tree had the parents of James, as James Chambers b. 1772 and Mary Brakkel, and named eight James and Margaret Mackay children with married surnames etc. as folllows - James Jr. d. 1913 (m. Angusena Bradley d. 1923 who had 8 children being - James, 5 other sons, and 2 dau's., Angus, Margaret (m. a Bell), Ellen (m. a Fenwick), Mary (m. a Graham) Thos (m. and had 4 sons), Jane (m. Taylor), William d. 8 yrs. If 1851 born Henry Clarke, whose "Clarke" was undoubtedly bestowed when christened because Henry Clarke was the father of Margaret's mother Jane, had lived beyond infancy it follows the tree was incomplete. The Bradley book, without citing a source, named twelve James and Margaret children with their names and birth years as:- Mary 1843, James 1844, Angus 1845, Jane 1847, Thomas 1849, Henry 1851, Ellen, Margaret, Euphonia 1861, Jessie 1862, William 1863, and Elizabeth, and stated in respect of William his birth certificate gave the date 25 Nov. 1863 and birth place as Wombat ⁷. As the book referred to other detail on the James Chambers death certificate, that should have included a list of the names of his then surviving issue, although considerable doubt is held that in her 40's Margaret would have had a child born in each of the three years from 1861 to 1863, until otherwise established by reference to documentary evidence the twelve children names as given in the Bradley book have been assumed to have authenticity. However it may be one or more of the three, Euphonia, Jessie and Elizabeth were not James and Margaret's but have been just assumed to be theirs because the indexed birth entries gave James and Margaret as their parent names? To some extent the early genealogy of the line would likely appear in an unsighted by the compiler 1988 published Nancy Edge compilation of the genealogy of the Angus Mackay family ⁹.  At the time of this compilation in 2008 it is expected the number of James and Margaret Chambers descendants would run to several hundred.
       Margaret's 1887 death registration gave the cause as heart disease. The informant was son James Jr. and her age was given as 64 years. He was likely the James Chambers who about that time was the publican of the East Kempsey Hotel. Margaret was buried in West Kempsey Cemetery but the published West Kempsey cemetery headstone transcriptions do not list a headstone. It may be her grave was unmarked except for once having had a wooden cross, or if a stone it was of a soft sandstone that had weathered to an extent it was unreadable, or had collapsed and broken into pieces.

Children of James Chambers and Margaret Mackay were ⁸:
+   1.    Mary Chambers
+   2.    James Chambers
     3.    Angus Chambers
+   4.    Jane Chambers
+   5.    Thomas Chambers
+   6.    Henry Clarke Chambers
+   7.    Ellen Chambers
+   8.    Margaret Chambers
+   9.    Euphonia Chambers
    10.   Jessie Chambers
    11.   William Chambers
    12.   Elizabeth Chambers

SECOND GENERATION

1.    Mary Chambers, b. 1843 ⁸ Dungog, NSW, Australia; d. 1917 (#1917-6641) Murrumburrah, NSW. She married 1867 (#1867-1667) reg. Young, NSW, Thomas Graham, d. 1902 (#1902-16755) Young, NSW, son of George Graham and Jane. 

Children of Mary Chambers and Thomas Graham were:
+  13.   i.    Thomas H. Graham
+  14.  ii.    Margaret E. Graham
+  15.  iii.   George Richard Graham
+  16.  iv.   Mary Jane Graham
+  17.  v.    Florence Charlotte
+  18.  vi.   Ellen Sarah Graham
+  19.  vii.  Adeline Gertrude Graham
    20.  viii. Samuel Graham.

        As their mothers Margaret and Elizabeth Mackay (wife of William Bradley) were full-sisters James and wife Angusena were first cousins. Angusena's name is found variously rendered in the BDM registrations beginning with ANG and AUG. Glenn Bradley in his 1994 book recounted James and Sena frequently moved in and out of Bowra, and in 1879 directly after her arrival, while staying with Gus Raymond Jnr., Sena had a miscarriage, the dead child being a boy. He added to help the passing of their grief Gus Raymond had produced a bottle of his famous brew which was guaranteed to turn up the toe-nails of even the most hardened drinker! ¹⁴.
        James farmed at Macleay River before in 1869 selecting portion 21 of 51 acres (Cat. No. 136) at Bowra in the parish of Buckra Bendinni, adjoining the western boundary of stepfather Augustus Raymond's portion 5, and eastern boundary of his brother Angus' portion 6. By 1871 he had also selected portion 22 of 41 acres (Cat. No. 136) adjoining portion 6 thus creating a block of three adjoining portions totaling 132 acres. In 1990 Alex Gaddes wrote that like most of the Nambucca and Bowra early selectors James Chambers and his sons were cedar-getters. James must have later acquired a farm at Burrapine, as Gaddes recalled his father having told him by far the biggest red cedar tree taken from the rain forests of the Nambucca River, with dimensions of 100 feet in length and a 24 feet middle girth, was known as the "Chambers Tree" and was drawn by James Chambers and sons from an area that became known as "Chambers Scrub" situated on the James Chambers property at Burra Burra - a locality today known as Burrapine. Another anecdote noted in the Gaddes book came from biographical notes by James Chambers' first cousin John "Jack" Robert Bradley (1861-1952) as follows: - " There were many wild cattle on the river and we used to shoot them for beef. I was working up Taylors Arm and went out with James Chambers to try to shoot a beast. After going up river a long way I got tired and sat down at a place called Bull Creek. James continued up river and got amongst the cattle. One bull came full gallop towards me and I made for a sapling and climbed it, the bull saw me and came straight at me, the force of the impact ripped the sapling out by the roots; down I came and the bull jumped over me and continued on its flight down river! That is how Bull Creek got it name and is situated where the antimony mines are at Taylors Arm" ⁶⁶.
        Glenn Bradley noted James was publican of the Bowra Hotel for the licensing year 1885-86. An index of The Macleay Argus issues from 1887 to 1889 indexes a news item indicating for one or more of those years a James Chambers was the publican of the East Kempsey Hotel. He likely was this James as the birth of his last child Ida was registered at Kempsey in 1887 and that year was also the year his mother Margaret died there.
        A sketch map by early selector Joseph Conen dated March 1875, appearing in a booklet titled Bowraville Centenary 1875-1975, shows by then there was a James Chambers house in Bowraville making it the first known private dwelling in the town. James briefly set up as a blacksmith in Bowraville where he was living in 1879 and by 1882 the James Chambers house and that of his uncle William Gaddes were still the only private dwellings in the township. ¹⁵. Supreme Court of NSW, Registrar of Bankruptcy Insolvency papers, list a 27 Feb 1890 bankruptcy for a James Chambers - occupation butcher at Kempsey. ¹⁶.

Children of James Chambers and Angusena Bradley were:

+  21.  i.     Lila Chambers
    22.  ii.    James Augustus Chambers
+  23.  iii.   William Angus Chambers
    24.  iv.   Henry Percival Chambers
    25.  v.    Thomas Hilton Chambers
    26.  vi.   John E. R. Chambers
    27.  vii.  Ida Chambers 

Children of Jane Chambers and Edward Taylor were:
    28.  i.     Adeline Gertrude Taylor
+  29.  ii.    Ellen Jane Taylor
    30.  iii.   Sarah Emma Taylor
+  31.  iv.   Amelia Blanche M. Taylor
+  32.  v.    Mary Elizabeth Taylor
    33.  vi.   Edward William J. Taylor
+  34.  vii.  Lilla Jessie Taylor
+  35.  viii. Frances Charlotte M. Taylor

5.    Thomas Chambers, b. 6 Oct 1849, Muswellbrook, NSW, Australia, chr. 28 Oct 1849 ²³; d. 1930 (#1930-19314) Grafton. He married in 1871 (#1871-2581) at Macleay River, NSW, Charlotte Gogerty, d. 1885 (#1885-11415) Nambucca River, NSW, daughter of Barnett (or Bernard) Gogerty and Charlotte. He was likely the Thomas Chambers listed in the Grenville's 1872 Post Office Directory as a "farmer" at Frederickton just north of Kempsey.

Children of Thomas Chambers and Charlotte Gogerty were:
    36.  i.     Thomas Chambers
    37.  ii.    Angus Chambers
    38.  iii.   Annie Chambers
    39.  iv.   Bernard Chambers
    40.  v.    Margaret Chambers
    41.  vi.   James Chambers
    42.  vii.  George Chambers
+  43.  viii. Charlotte Chambers
    44.  ix.   William Chambers.

6.    Henry Clarke Chambers, b. 7 Dec 1851, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia, chr. 3 May 1852; ²⁴.  He possibly died before official death registrations began in NSW in March 1856.

7.    Ellen Chambers,  d. 1938 (#1938-14858) Petersham, NSW (NSW Death Index has parents as Thomas (sic) and Margaret). She married in 1880 (#1880-552) at Sydney,  John Fenwick.

Children of Ellen Chambers and John Fenwick were:
    45.  i.     William James Fenwick
    46.  ii.    John Henry Fenwick
    47.  iii.   Oliver Stanley Fenwick
    48.  iv.   Leonard Livingstone Fenwick
    49.  v.    Roland Raymond Fenwick
    50.  vi.   Cecil Thomas Fenwick
    51.  vii.  Nellie V. Fenwick
    52.  viii. Clarence A. Fenwick

8.    Margaret Chambers, b. ?; d. 1943. She married in 1880 (#1880-1791) Glebe, NSW, John Henry Bell.

Children of Margaret Chambers and John Henry Bell were:
    53.         Mildred Bell

9.    Euphemia Chambers, b. 1861 (#1861-1637) reg. Sydney, NSW; d. 1886 (#1886-2828) Leichhardt, NSW. An online genealogy of the Mackay family has it she married in 1883 (#1883-1422), John Litten, d. 1897 Waterloo, NSW, son of John Litten and Eliza, and they had the below three children.

Children of Euphemia Chambers and John Litten were:
    54.   i.    Thomas Michael Litten
    55.   ii.    James Litten
    56.   iii.   Eliza Litten

13.   Thomas H. Graham, b. 1868 (#1868-6869) Young, NSW, Australia; d. 1929 (#1929-17803) Young, NSW. He married in 1902 (#1902-6637) Dubbo, NSW, Emily Grace Harper, d. 1959 ((#1959-13721) Dubbo, daughter of Andrew Harper and Harriett.

Children of Thomas H Graham and Emily Grace Harper were:
    57.  i.     Colin T. H. Graham
    58.  ii.    Amos J. A. Graham
    59.  iii.   Eunice M Graham
    60.  iv.   Lyle H Graham
    61.  v.    Rita G. Graham

14.   Margaret E. Graham, b. 1870 (#1870-19353) Young, NSW; d. 1915 (#1915-5973) Parramatta, NSW. She married in 1898 (#1898-2162) reg. Young, Henry J. Wilson.

Children of Margaret E. Graham and Henry J. Wilson were:
    62.  i.     Henry J. Wilson
    63.  ii.    Adeline G. Wilson
    64.  iii.   George R. Wilson
    65.  iv.   Albert E. Wilson
    66.  v.    Thomas K. Wilson b. 1911 (#1911-23387) reg. West Wyalong, NSW.

15.   George Richard Graham, b. 1872 (#1872-20246) Young, NSW.  He married in 1903 (#1903-6061) at Gulgong, Annie Lincoln, b. 1879 (#1879-18194) Gulgong, NSW, daughter of George Lincoln and Elizabeth.

Children of George Richard Graham and Annie Lincoln were:
    67.   i.    Elizabeth F. Graham
    68.   ii.   Mary I. Graham
    69.   iii.  Edith A. Graham
    70.   iv.  Ernest G. Graham
    71.   v.   William A. Graham

16.   Mary Jane Graham, b. 1875 (#1875-22342) Young, NSW; d. 1959 (#1959-26477) Young, NSW. She married in 1894 (#1894-5081) at Murrumburrah, NSW, Alexander Thompson.

Children of Mary Jane Graham and Alexander Thompson were:
    72.   i.    Margueritte Thompson
    73.   ii.   Alexander V. Thompson
    74.   iii.  Alice M. Thompson
    75.   iv.  Adeline L. Thompson
    76.   v.   James Arthur Thompson
    77.   vi   May Thompson

17.   Florence Charlotte Graham, b. 1877 (#1877-23662), Young, NSW; d. 1965 (#1965-11809) Temora, NSW. She married in 1897 (#1897-4432) at Young, Henry Winbank, b. 1870 (#1870-19513) Young, NSW: d. 1955 (#1955-24778) Temora, NSW, son of William Winbank and Catherine Anne.

Children of Florence Charlotte Graham and Henry Winbank were:
    78.   i.    Thomas George Morris Winbank
    79.   ii.   Mary C. Winbank
    80.   iii.  Henry Cecil Winbank
    81.   iv.  William J. Winbank
    82.   v.   Eileen S Winbank
    83.   vi.  Vernon G. Winbank

18.   Ellen Sarah Graham, b. 1879 (#1879-26751). She married 1900 (#1900-1662) Murrumburrah, NSW, James Arthur Lynch, d. 1947 (#1947-12005) Murrumburrah, son of William Denis Lynch and Mary.

Children of Ellen Sarah Graham and James Arthur Lynch were:
    84.   i.    Raymond Lynch
    85.   ii    William D. Lynch
    86.   iii.  Mary E. Lynch
    87.   iv.  Thomas H. Lynch
    88.   v.   John E. Lynch

19.   Adeline Gertrude Graham, b. 1882 (#1882-29484) Young, NSW; d. 1969 (#1969-16325) Campsie, NSW. She married in 1906 (#1906-11558) Young, NSW, John R. Hilder.

Children of Adeline Gertrude Graham and John R Hilder were:
     89.        John G. Hilder

20.   Samuel Graham, d. 1889 (#1889-14696) Young, NSW.

21.  Lila Chambers, b. 1870 ²⁵ reg. Macleay River; d. 1958 ²⁶, reg. Sydney. She married (1) 1894 ²⁷ reg. Sydney, Frederick Charles Kennedy, d. 1926 ²⁸ reg. Newtown, NSW; son of John Kennedy and Sarah. She married (2) 1939 ²⁹ at Tingha, NSW, Henry Trevithick, d. 1952 ³⁰ reg. Liverpool, NSW, son of Thomas Trevithick and Sarah.

   

Children of Lila Chambers and Frederick Charles Kennedy were:
     90.  i.     John F. C. Kennedy
     91.  ii.    Edna I. S Kennedy
     92.  iii.   Maxwell James Kennedy

22.  James Augustus Chambers, b. 1873 ³¹ Nambucca; d. 1947 ³² Wyong.

23. William Angus Chambers, b. 1875 ³³ Young; d. 1942 ³⁴, Wyong; m. 1905 ³⁵ at Maclean, NSW, Ann M. Benson, b. 1889 ⁶⁵ Maclean, NSW, daughter of William and Margaret Benson.

Children of William Angus Chambers and Ann M Benson were:
     93.  i.     Angus F. Chambers                 
     94.  ii.    Ronald L. Chambers
     95.  iii.   Alma M Chambers   
     96.  iv.   William E Chambers (TWIN)
     97.  v.   Thomas G Chambers (TWIN)
     98.  vi.   Herbert H Chambers

24. Henry Percival Chambers, b. 1878 ³⁶ Nambucca River; d. 1879 ³⁷, Sydney, NSW. The disparity between his 1878 birth registration number 15,329 and early 1879 death registration number 2197 suggests the child lived for some months following the miscarriage and premature birth mentioned by Glenn Bradley

25. Thomas Hilton Chambers, b. 1882 ³⁸ Nambucca River; d. 1962 ³⁹, Wyong, NSW

26. John Robert Chambers, b. 1884 ⁴⁰ Nambucca River; d. 1970 ⁴¹, Parramatta, NSW
   

27. Ida Chambers, b. 1887 ⁴², Kempsey, NSW; d. 1953 ⁴³, Paddington, NSW. She married in 1909 ⁴⁴ Sydney, NSW, Alfred Charles Ringland, b. 1884 ⁴⁵ reg. Balmain, NSW. There were no issue registered in NSW to 1918.

28    Adeline Gertrude Taylor, b. 1868 Young, NSW; d. 1887 Cowra, NSW. She married in 1886 at Young,  Thomas Hayes.

29    Ellen Jane Taylor, b. 1870 Young, NSW; d. 1962. She married in 1886 reg. Young, Henry Whybrow, son of Robert & Emily Amelia Whybrow.

Children of Ellen Jane Taylor and Henry Whybrow were:
     99.  i.    Adeline Gertrude Whybrow
   100.  ii.    Herbert H. Whybrow

30.   Sarah Emma Taylor, b. 1872.

31.   Amelia Blanche M. Taylor, b.  1878 Young; d. 1960 Murrumburrrah. She married 1901 Murrumburrah, James Robert Whybrow b.1881; d. 1947 Murrumburrah.

Children of Amelia Blanche Taylor and James  Robert Whybrow were:
   101.  i.    Hubert H. Whybrow
   102.  ii.   Albert C. Whybrow
   103   iii.  Edward  T. Whybrow
   104.  iv.  Edward W Whybrow

32.   Mary Elizabeth Taylor, b 1879 Young. She married in 1905 at Young, Joseph Carmichael.

Children of Mary Elizabeth Taylor and Joseph Carmichael were:
   105.    i.    Henry J. Carmichael
   106.    ii.   Alfred C. Carmichael
   107.    iv.  Pearl Carmichael
   108.    iii.  Wilfred Carmichael    
   109.    v.   Lillian P. Carmichael

33.   Edward William J. Taylor, b. 1882 Young; d. 1911 Young.

34.   Lila Jessie Taylor, b. 1883 Young; d. 1952 Harden . She married in 1901 at Cootamundra, William Henry Whybrow, b. 1879 Young; d. 1963, son of Robert Whybrow and  Emily Amelia.

Chilren of Lila Jessie Taylor and William Henry Whybrow were:
   110.      William H.  E.  Whybrow

35.   Frances Charlotte M. Taylor, b. 1888 Young; d. 1968 Forbes. She married in 1911 at Young. Alfred G. Lemon b. 1881 Murrumburrah; d. 1944 Grenfell, son of William and Charlotte Ann Lemon.

Children of Frances Charlotte M. Taylor and Alfred G. Lemon were:
   111.  i.    Iris M. Lemon
   112.  ii.   Alfred G. Lemon
   113.  iii.  Charlotte A. Lemon

36.   Thomas Chambers, b. 1872 Macleay River, NSW.

37.   Angus Chambers, b. 1874, Young, NSW.

38.   Annie Chambers, b. 1875, Young; d. 1877 Maclean, NSW

39.   Bernard Chambers, 1877, Macleay River; d. 1880 Grafton, NSW

40.    Margaret Chambers, b. 1878; d. 1879, Sydney, NSW

41.   James Chambers, b. 1880; d. 1880, Glebe, NSW

42.   George Chambers, 1882, Glebe, NSW; d. 1964, Bulli, NSW

43.   Charlotte Chambers, b. 1883, Glebe, NSW; d. 1946 Leeton, NSW. She married  1902 in Young, NSW, Edward. T. Magann, d. 1943, son of James and Rose Magann.

Children of Charlotte Chambers and Edward T. Magann were:
   114.  i.     Cecil J. Magann
   115   ii.    Thomas R. Magann
   116.  iii.   Mary A. Magann
   117.  iv.   Edna M. Magann
   118.  v.    Alice C. Magann
   119.  vi.   Eric C. Magann
   120.  vii.  John E. Magann
   121.  viii. Charlotte R. Magann

44.    William Chambers, b. 1885, Nambucca Heads, NSW; d. 1968, Sydney.

45.    William James Fenwick, b. 1880 Glebe, NSW; d. 1880 Glebe, NSW.

46.    John Henry Fenwick, b. 1882 Glebe, NSW; d. 1960 Kiama, NSW. He married in 1907 at Granville, NSW, Florence E. May.
 
47.   Oliver Stanley Fenwick, b. 1885 Glebe, NSW; d. 1954 Kiama. He married in 1913 at Balmain, Alice E. Stewart.

48.   Leonard Livingstone Fenwick, b. 1887 Glebe, NSW; d. 1948 Manly, NSW. He married in 1914 at Sydney, Annie Jesson.

49.   Roland Raymond Fenwick, b. 1890 Glebe, NSW; d. 1958 Ryde, NSW. He married in 1914 at Sydney, Ellen Begbie.

50.   Cecil Thomas Fenwick,  b. 1892 Glebe, NSW; d. 1953 ?. He married in 1917 at Balmain,  Honorah C. O’Brien.

51.   Nellie V. Fenwick, b. 1895; She married in 1935 at Rozelle, Arthur Watson.

52.   Clarence A. Fenwick. He married in 1935 at Drummoyne, Doris M. Balmer.

53.   Mildred Bell, b. 1880 (#1880-5026), reg. Glebe, NSW

54.  Thomas Michael Litten, b. 1882 (#1882-4015 reg. as Chambers), Balmain, NSW; d. 1944 (#1944-13710) Woolongong, NSW.

55.   James Litten b. 1884 (#1884-4784) Balmain, NSW; d. 1892 (#1892-1785) Sydney, NSW.

56.   Eliza Litten, b. 1886 (#1886- ) Sydney, NSW; d. 1886 (#1886-2036) Sydney, NSW.

To add to the family history & genealogy contact compiler: 

SOURCES:
¹   Birth year based on age 53 given in NSW Death Index for his Young, NSW death registration (i.e. born between 16.7.1810 & 17.7.1811). Christening date, place and parents names as per the IGI.
²   Glenn Bradley, When the river was the road, 1994, p. 118 - date of death given as 17 Jul 1864 (NSW Death Index #1864-3112 - died Young, NSW, aged 53 years (as index had the age at death it signifies the informant was not able to provide either parent names).
    p. 116 has 3 Nov 1841 as date of the James Chambers/Margaret Mackay marriage. Elsewhere a date of 8 Nov 1841 has been noted. Both conflict with the date of 10 Dec 1841 given in the mounted police Defaulters Book as when James committed the offense of marrying without the approval of the commandant. The latter has been adopted as no source was cited for either the 3 or 8 November dates. The marriage is not indexed in the NSW Marriage Index. As Dungog children's baptisms were performed by Presbyterian minster it is presumed their marriage was also. The 10 microfilms of Newcastle Anglican Diocese parish records do not cover 1841 Dungog district marriages.
³   Glen Bradley op. cit. p. 96 - "Baptism: 1 December 1820 -- Angus Mackay, furniture dealer, and his spouse, Jane Clark, had a daughter, named Margaret baptised by Reverend Mr. Doig, in the presence of George Mackay a labourer and Robert Calder, carter. (ED. note - Rev. Robert Doig was one of the ministers of Aberdeen and married Angus Mackay & Jane of St. Nicholas, Aberdeen, on 26 Mar 1815 in his house. Presumably the church where the baptism occurred was the Galic Chapel, in Galic Lane, as that was where Murdock Mackay married in 1823).
      Margaret Mackay's age was given as 17 in two lists of government immigrants aboard the James Moran that departed Lochinvar on 10 Oct 1838 and arrived at Sydney on 11 Feb 1839 - see Assisted (Bounty) Immigrants 1839, AONSW reel #1303 & reel #2654 for the post arrival disposal statistics. These records listed her father Angus as aged 40 at the 10 Oct 1838 embarkation and that he was initially employed by the Government as a carpenter at a wage of £2 per week. The immigration record indicated Margaret was to turn 17 on 4 Dec 1838 which appears in error as means she would have been born 4 Dec 1821 which conflicts with the claimed 1 Dec 1820 christening date given in the cited Bradley book? One has to wonder if the christening record as claimed in the book is entirely factual as at p. 96 the book also claimed her age in the James Moran passenger list was 19 whereas in fact it was clearly listed in two places in the immigration records as 17. In those records her elder sister Elizabeth was listed as aged 18 on embarkation and on a list of immigrants dated the day after arrival in Sydney her age was given as 19. Based on an age of 17 at embarkation on 10 Oct 1838, rather than the alternative of a 4 Dec 1838 birth, it follows Margaret was born between 11 Oct 1820 and 10 Oct 1821 which is consistent with the claimed christening date of 1 Dec 1820. Thus it has been concluded, if the christening record is accurate, she was born in Oct. or Nov. 1820.
⁴   NSW Marriage Index #1867-2289 - the date is as given in Glenn Bradley op. cit. at p. 118. (ED. a slightly different date of 19 Nov. was noted elsewhere).
⁵   AJCP War Office (WO) 12 microfilm reel #3696 - on the 4th Reg't. Pay & Muster roll for June Qtr. 1831 he was listed under the regimental number 901, enlistment date as 22 Mar 1831, place of enlistment as Liverpool, age as 18 (indicating an 1812 birth), height 5' 6½", and that the 3rd part of the bounty was paid to the recruit in the amount of £2.10.0 & his pay commenced from 24 Apr 1831. On reel #3697, the roll for the quarter 1 Oct 1832 to 31 Dec 1832, he was listed as "on board" the Parmelia to 19 Nov 1832. Details of that vessel's arrival at Sydney on 16 Nov etc. are as given in the Sydney Gazette of 19 Nov 1832.
     The 4th's Pay & Muster rolls (reel #3697) for the months of Nov. & Dec 1834, the first two quarters of 1835, and the first two months of Sept. Qtr. 1835, listed him as "Foot Police". The roll for the month of Sept. 1835 was the first to list him as "Mounted Police". So for the first 10 months from secondment to the military police he was classed as in the foot police before officially classed as a mounted trooper.
     He was listed in the 4th's Pay & Muster Roll for Sept. Qtr. 1837 (reel #3882) before its departure for India, as having been transferred effective 1 Aug 1837 to the 80th Reg't which had arrived in the colony a few months previous and on whose rolls he was subsequently listed with the regimental number 1447 (on a couple of occasions as 1478). When the practice of separately listing a regiment's supernumeraries who were attached to the mounted police he was listed in that section of its Pay & Muster Rolls followed the listing of the regiment's private soldiers. When the last of the 80th Reg't embarked for India on 11 Aug 1844 it's roll for 1 July to 11 August 1844 listed him in the supernumeraries section but there no notation of the date and name of the regiment to which the supernumeraries were transferred. The 11th, where he ended up after his discharge from the mounted police, did not arrive in NSW until mid 1845. In its' Pay & Muster rolls his regimental number was 2641, and although discharged from the mounted police in Nov 1849, his name was not listed as an "effective" in that regiment's roll for Dec. Qtr. 1849 (reel #3707). However from 1 January 1850 he was listed in its' rolls for the first 9 months of 1850 as being "on furlough awaiting discharge" and as paid by it from 1 January. His discharge date was recorded as 30 Sept. 1850 in the Sept. Qtr. 1850 roll (reel #3708). That record gave the same date of enlistment of 22 Mar 1831 as had been given in 4th's roll for June Qtr. 1831. It gave his occupation at enlistment as labourer, birth place as Macclesfield, and place of discharge as Sydney. At all times in the rolls for the 4th, 80th & 11th he was listed as not holding a rank.
     The Mounted Police nominal roll at 31 Mar 1848 listed him as a "trooper" and gave his date of joining the Mounted Police as 1 Nov. 1834 (AONSW reel #2901). The Defaulters Book 1839-1850 (AONSW reel #2901) listed his 4th Regt. enlistment date as 25 Mar 1831. However it is considered a transcription error - the more likely date being that of the 22 March given in two places in the Pay & Muster Rolls.
     Details of army & mounted police service of James Chambers given on this web page are said to have come from research by David Murphy into the mounted police from its' creation in 1825 under Governor Brisbane up to 1850 and the Governor's Body Guard from 1801 to 1834 etc., that were donated by the researcher to NSW State Records, where held under the title "The New South Wales Mounted Police 1825-1850" and reference 363.MUR. However the data given for James Chambers on this web page is obviously in error in respect of the claim his birth place and place of 4th Reg't enlistment was Huddersfield. In fact as per the 4th & 11th Reg't Pay & Muster Rolls, it was respectively Macclesfield and Liverpool. Also in error is that his army rank was not as stated on the web page a Lance-Corporal at the time he joined the military police force on 1 Nov 1834 but in fact as per the Pay & Muster Rolls he was at all times a "private". Also the 11th Reg't ay & Muster Rolls contain nothing to confirm the claim on the web page he was discharged from the army on medical grounds, although 13 years previous when in the mounted police the rolls did record he spent 88 days of the 92 days of Dec. quarter 1836 in the general hospital or the regimental hospital. That he was fit enough to join the civilian police after his army discharge suggests otherwise although that he was on furlough from the regiment for at least the nine months prior to his discharge at least raises a query as to the reason for such a long leave period on full pay as does his discharge without purchase 6 months before he completed the 20 year minimum service period? However it is possible the slightly premature discharge without purchase was in his case allowed because he had secured a position in the civilian police. As the relevant records and David Murphy's research have not been sighted by the compiler it has been assumed the claim on the page he was in the Governor's Body Guard in 1834 after joining the military police is correct - but it may not be.
⁶  Glenn Bradley op. cit., p.p. 117-118 - no source for the 30 Sep 1851 resignation date was cited. It may have been corro in the Registers of Colonial Secretary Letters Received for 1851 (AONSW reel #2939). The fact of his resignation about that time is confirmed by a notice in the Government Gazette of 14 Nov 1851 of the appointment of William A. Hines as his successor as Chief Constable at Wagga Wagga.
      Unfortunately with a few exceptions information in this book re James Chambers and family is considered incorrect or garbled. James did not purchase as claimed in the book lots 13 and 21 in Trail Street - he purchased only allotment number 13. The military mounted police were not disbanded as claimed in 1848 - the decision to disband was not even taken until 1849 and the force was not completely disbanded until 31 Dec 1851 - the date by which the remaining members were ordered to report at Sydney (see - John S. O'Sullivan, NSW Mounted Police, Rigby, Adelaide, 1978). In saying the mounted police was disbanded in 1848 Bradley implied James would have have been discharged that year. However another source, said to be based on research by David Murphy into the mounted police today held by NSW State Records, gives his date of discharge from the mounted police as 1 Nov 1849 - the same year the Bradley book says he joined the civilian police in the month of December. December 1849 would accord with a 1 Nov 1849 discharge date. However as he had not then served the required of a British Army soldier 20 years he would normally, after any leave due, and unless permitted to buy his way out, have returned to the 11th regiment in which he was a supernumerary. Throwing doubt on the book's assertion he joined the civil police in Dec. 1849 is that the 11th regiment's quarterly Pay and Muster Rolls show him as on its effective strength, and paid as a soldier with the rank of private for the full nine months from 1 Jan 1850 until discharged on 30 Sep. 1850 although listed during that period as "on furlough awaiting discharge". So for two and a half months (18 Jul 1850 to 30 Sep 1850) he was seemingly in receipt of two lots of pay - one as a soldier in the 11th and the other as the Chief Constable at Wagga Wagga. However it seems unlikely he would have been receiving two lots of pay for the full 9 months to 30 September!
⁷  Ibid - the 1994 published Bradley book did not claim it was a fact that James' name was connected with the naming of Chambers' Creek where it said he had discovered a "rich" gold field and a town with that name was established - merely that it was "reputed". Although no source for this amazing claim was cited it would be no more than a repetition of an identical unsupported by documentation claim understood made in the Chambers family papers deposited in the Mitchell Library 41 years previously by James Chambers granddaughter Ida Ringland (1887-1853).
     The complier considers it is definitely not correct that the creek and town were named after James. Also the town, of which nothing remains today, was not as stated by Glenn Bradley named Chambers' Creek but in fact was named Chambers. Bradley also incorrectly asserted, worded as if it were a fact, the a exaggeration that "Chambers Creek" once had a population of 20,000!
     Frankly the three claims are considered preposterous. The purported population was obviously just a repetition on an inadequately researched claim made by an L. Ward in an article in the Sydney Morning Herald of 17 June 1939 in which the writer said when recently in the area he had noted of the once town site that not even a brick or suggestion of a wall remained! If the 20,000 population had been correct it would have made, this small creek that ceased to run in dry springs and summers, at the height of mining activity there in 1872-73 the second largest population center in the colony with a population one seventh the 1872 approx. 140,000 population of Sydney & suburbs - all on about 40 acres beside a small creek surrounded by some very rocky and rough country indeed! Nearby Hill End was the main center that supplied the services to the Tambaroora Gold Field area in which the Chambers' Creek leases were located with the Chambers' Creek area being in the nature of a suburb. For the licensing year 1872-73 it was said Hill End had 28 hotels of the goldfield's total of 52. In respect of Chambers Creek a 1999 published book titled A Glint of Gold by Kerrin Cook and Daniel Garvey (p. 282) stated that following the finding of gold there in 1871 miners flocked to creek in their "hundreds" - note not thousands. If the Herald's roving article writer had claimed a peak population during the 1871-72 mania of one tenth the 20,000 that at least would have made some sense! What likely happened is when the article writer upon his return to Sydney, and called at the Mines Department to enquire about Chambers Creek mining history before writing the short "Ghost Chimney" article, and was told no records existed prior to 1871, it was mentioned by the clerk that for a period in the early 1870s the area had once had a population of 20,000 and he took that to mean it was the population of Chambers and Chambers' Creek instead of the whole Tambaroora goldfield or that of the area of Hill End and the nearly settlements such as Chambers! The Cook & Garvey book said a township was laid out there with several allotments sold, 3 hotels sprang up, and because there was no cemetery the graves of the only two who died there (two little girls) lie on the slope of a hill.
       This account has it that early in 1873 the Globe Company installing a crushing machine there to which the local mines sent their stone - with all ore previously having been transported to Hill End or Sofala for crushing and some even sent to Sydney. However much lower than expected concentrations of gold in the stone caused the shareholders in the various mines to panic (for example the Bismark touted in its prospectus its field would yield 300 grains of gold per ton of ore crushed but it was actually achieving about 11 grains when at that time a yield of 100 to 125 grains - being one fifth to a quarter of a troy ounce - was the minimum necessary for a mine to be payable). The result was the miners left the area in droves, with machinery seized to pay outstanding debts, and the Chambers village became deserted with mining at the creek not recommencing until later in 1873 following the floatation in London of the Sir John Moore Gold Mining Company with a capital of £100,000 when several smaller claims there also restarted mining. However it was said that by October 1874 virtually all work had again stopped.
       According to A Glint of Gold the naming history of the creek was published in a book by Harry Hodge on the mining history of the Hill End area titled The Hill End Story vol. 1. The history was that quartz gold was first found alongside the creek in 1871 and claims were then established on three lines of reef named - the General Bourke, the Nuggety and the Kurrajong - the latter being the one nearest to the Macquarie River. Implying its source was the Hodge book, the book stated the creek was named after Mr. Chambers who held one of the claims on the Nuggety Lead in partnership with Cooksons with the other fourteen claim holders on the Nuggety reef having been - Bell & Macartney, Icely Smelters, John Bull, Allen's, Toms, Burford & Yeo, Burns, Hunt, Schroder, Lester, Piggott, Burfitt, Brooke, and Bailey & Dargin. Harry Hodge was a lifetime resident of the Hill End area whose grandfather had arrived there in 1852, and his books detail the mining history of the Hill End - Tambaroora goldfields. The first of the two bearing the title The Hill End Story were published in 1964 in a limited edition of 500 and both in new editions in 1980.
     The rush to the Turon began in June '51 only a few weeks after the rush to the Ophir began. On 4 Jul 1851 the Government Geologist was reported in the Argus as suggesting the great bar in the Macqaurie at Walgumbulla (or Wallgumbulla), three miles below its junction with the Turon, was a prospective site for the finding of alluvial gold. By the time James Chambers resigned from the police on 30 Sep 1851 the banks of the Turon were already heavily populated with miners. On 13 Aug. 1851 the Sydney Morning Herald reported - "The banks of the Turon River are occupied from near its source to its junction with the Macquarie, a distance of upwards of 100 miles." On the 29th Sept. 1851 it reported - "We have recently been informed by those who have traversed the Turon from one end of the diggings to the other, who have pioneered and prospected the creeks in the neighbourhood, who have visited the heights and the gullies, that the population there for the present month has been estimated as high as 16,000, and that the lowest estimate formed is 9000 persons". Nine months later on 15 July 1852, specifically re the area south of the Macquarie-Turon junction where Chambers Creek joins the Macquarie, it reported - "The digging grounds on the Macquarie below the junction, are turning out very well ...". Three weeks later on 7 Aug 1852 it was more specific - reporting - "On the Macquarie, a little below the junction of the Turon, parties are making 9 ozs. gold per day. The diggers are in high spirits with the prospect this field opens out to them, and astonishing results are expected as soon as the season will admit of its being properly worked."
      In addition to the daily metropolitan newsapers of the day, many of which are increasingly becoming available and searchable online, a source for further information on gold mining activity in the area during the lifetime of James Chambers would be the 28 May 1851 to 1862 issues of Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal held on microfilm by the State Library of NSW (ref. RAV/FM4/353). At the time of compilation the earliest newspaper mention of Chambers Creek entering the Tambaroora goldfield mining picture noted was in the 14 Oct 1871 issue of The Sydney Mail viz: "The line of reef which, as we have before stated, extended from Green Valley on the north, to the Turon River on the south, or a distance of about eight miles, has now been traced southerly to Chambers' Creek, ten miles further on, the country showing all the same peculiarity of feature which marks the line on the table land". Thus this report confirms the accounts in the two cited books that quartz gold was not discovered at the creek until 1871.
⁸    Glenn Bradley, op. cit., p. 118.
⁹    Nancy Mackay Edge, Our Highland Heritage: Angus McKay of Sutherland, 1988. In 2008 copies were available from: Ms. N. M. Edge, 7 Laurel Av., Edgeworth, NSW, 2285. Ph. (02) 4958 3221 and the catalogue of the Macksville, NSW, library listed it held a not for loan copy.
¹⁰  NSW BDM Index - Baptism #V1844-477-162A
¹¹  Ibid Death #1913-12231
¹²  Ibid Marriages #1869-2618
¹³  Ibid Deaths #1923-16913
¹⁴  Glenn Bradley, op. cit., p. 133
¹⁵  Norma Townsend, Valley of the crooked river, 1993, p. 126 citing as source for the names of the two householders - de Milham to Post Master General, 15 September 1882, Post Office File, Bowraville, 1869-89, Australian Archives.
¹⁶  Ibid, James Chambers bankruptcy date 27 Feb 1890 2132/2; 10/22625. See also listed in NSW State Records online Bankruptcy Index giving occupation as a butcher at Kempsey.
¹⁷  Baptisms #V1845-500-48 (father's occpation given as "mounted police").
¹⁸  Norma Townsend, op. cit., p. 235 - see transfers CP 69/2770
¹⁹  NSW BDM Index - Deaths  #1869-4350. For November as month see - Norma Townsend op. cit. p.p. 59, 60.
²⁰  Norma Townsend, op. cit., p.p. 59, 60.
²¹  Glenn Bradley, op. cit., p. 33
²²  Baptism #V1847-1081-49 (father's occupation given as "mounted policeman").
²³  Ibid #V1849-512-50 (father's occupation given as "trooper").
²⁴  Ibid #V1851-1175-51 (father's occupation given as "miner").
²⁵  NSW BDM Indexes Births #1870-11946
²⁶  Ibid  Deaths #1953-16630
²⁷  Ibid  Births #1894-869
²⁸  Ibid  Deaths #1926-4911
²⁹  Ibid  Marriages #1939-15120
³⁰  Ibid  Deaths #1952-8815
³¹  Ibid  Births #1873-12804
³²  Ibid  Deaths #1947-12575
³³  Ibid  Births #1875-22483
³⁴  Ibid  Deaths #1942-23848
³⁵  Ibid  Marriages #1905-4466
³⁶  Ibid  Births #1878-15329
³⁷  Ibid  Deaths #1879-2197
³⁸  Ibid  Births #1882-20514
³⁹  Ibid  Deaths #1962-10167
⁴⁰  Ibid  Births #1884-23840
⁴¹  Ibid  Deaths #1970-33165
⁴²  Ibid  Births #1887-25884
⁴³  Ibid  Deaths #1953-26828
⁴⁴  Ibid  Marriages #1909-10283
⁴⁵  Ibid  Births #1884-5071
⁴⁶  Ibid  Births #1894-2653
⁴⁷  Ibid  Deaths #1895-5862
⁴⁸  Ibid  Births #1896-6207
⁴⁹  Ibid  Deaths #1898-8039
⁵⁰  Ibid  Births #1906-37735
⁵¹  Ibid  Deaths #1974-8193
⁵²  Ibid  Marriages #1928-11359
⁵³  Ibid  Births #1905-34782
⁵⁴  Ibid  Births #1907-4825
⁵⁵  Ibid  Deaths #1907-5455
⁵⁶  Ibid  Births #1908-27013
⁵⁷  Ibid  Marriages #1933-2705
⁵⁸  Ibid  Births #1910-16448
⁵⁹  Ibid  Deaths #1911-1372
⁶⁰  Ibid  Births #1910-16447
⁶¹  Ibid  Deaths #1911-1370
⁶²  Ibid  Births #1911-36258
⁶³  Ibid  Deaths #1972-64835
⁶⁴  Ibid  Marriage #1934-9394
⁶⁵  Ibid  Births #1889-17935
⁶⁶  Alex S. Gaddes, Red cedar Our Heritage, 1990. p. p. 59, 60. - In respect of the ownership of the mentioned Burra Burra farm the author must have confused James Chambers Jnr. with his father James Snr., who he said was a prospector of whom it was said had started a gold rush at place later called Chambers' Creek. He wrote James Snr. suffered an injury and some years later died at Young leaving his widow Margaret on his Burra Burra farm where she was living when she met and married Augustus Raymond. However as James Snr. died in July 1864 at Wombat near Young, two months before the first selection occurred anywhere on the Nambucca, it was quite impossible before his death for him to have had a farm at Burra Burra that later became known as Burrapine. Burrapine is situated at the junction of Taylors Arm Creek and Sheet O'Bark Creek at least 20 kilometers SW of Bowraville and about a dozen kilometers north of Taylors Arm. Up there no land would have been selected until into the 1870s so there is no way as claimed by Gaddes James' widow Margaret was living on his "farm" there when she met and married Augustus Raymond in July 1867. It's just pure fiction.
Margaret very likely met Augustus Raymond at Macleay River, where from at least 1856 he was living at Pola Creek, when she was either staying there with her eldest son James Jr. or visiting her sisters Elizabeth Bradley and Jane Gaddes. Her sister Elizabeth's husband William Bradley was a witness to her 1867 marriage to Augustus. Norma Townsend, op. cit p.p. 59, 60, had access to the Kempsey Court House BDM registration records and noted Margaret's son James Chambers Jr. was farming at Macleay River when he married in 1869 so presumably was also there in 1867. There is no evidence James Chambers Snr. had any involvement whatsoever with either the Macleay or Nambucca Rivers or that James Jnr. had any involvement with the Nambucca district before he selected portion 21 of 51 acres in Buckra Bendinni parish in 1869 adjoining his brother's portion 6 that in turn adjoined their father-in-law's portion 5.
    The John Robert Bradley anecdote re the naming of Bull Creek is at p. 105.
⁶⁷  As soldiers on secondment from a British regiment, mounted police troopers and their NCO's, were subject to military discipline. As with a cavalry regiment, in the mounted police the punishment of being "dismounted" for a period was not uncommon. In addition to marrying without prior permission the defaulter's book recorded it as a punishment imposed, either alone or in addition to another penalty, for such offenses as: - disrespect to an NCO, being drunk, being absent from barracks all night, absence from a Tatoo, when acting as stableman being absent from the stables, ill-using of a horse, having a horse or barracks in bad order etc. In one case it was noted imposed three times consecutively as a penalty on trooper Isiah Barker - firstly in Nov. 1840 for the same offense as James Chambers of getting married without liberty, then again four months later for being drunk and allowing a prisoner in his charge to get drunk, and then for the third time in March 1842 for being drunk and assaulting an old man in Parramatta. They were the only three offenses recorded for this trooper.
     Over 90 names were listed in the 1839-1850 Defaulter's Book - each on a separate page with in one case the number of offenses committed (15 of which were for drunkenness) requiring two pages. Some of the other punishments ordered were:- forfeiture of pay for up to a month, confinement to barracks, confinement in the cells or in a civilian goal (such as Berrima), solitary confinement with or without hard labour, up to 7 days marching drill, stoppage of the grog ration for from 7 to 14 days. For some offenses a trooper was just admonished or forgiven. In less than a handful of instances was the offender reported to His Excellency the Governor and ordered to re-join his regiment.
     A punishment, of particular interest due to a relevance to James Chambers who at the time it was committed was about to get married and would have needed money to purchase a wedding ring, also noted as the most serious punishment ordered during the 11 years covered by the Defaulter's Book, was a 13 months sentence of imprisonment with hard labour imposed on trooper John Riddell for on 5 Sep. 1841 having lost through neglect the pay for the mounted police detachment at Dungog where James was serving and where he married not long after.
⁶⁸  K. Swan, A History of Wagga Wagga, 1970, pp. 34-54.
⁶⁹  In 2008 this linked to web page had a transcript of the Angus Mackay obituary. No source is given but presumably it appeared in a week ending 21 Oct 1894 issue of The Macleay Argus that began publication at Kempsey in 1885 or The Raleigh Sun that began at Fernmount on the Bellinger in 1890. Contradictory to him having been born as stated on 28 Jan 1795 are the James Moran immigration records that in two places gave his age as 40 at embarkation on 10 Oct 1838 (i.e. born between 11 Oct 1797 and 10 Oct 1798).