Sydney
Gazzette
31 October 1827
RIOT AT THE FEMALE
FACTORY
We briefly
noticed in our last, as the circumstance was hastily communicated
to us on Saturday evening, the fact of a riot having taken
place on the morning of the same day, at the Factory in Parramatta.
Since then, we have been made acquainted with further particulars.
A short time previous to the resignation of the late Matron
(Mrs. Raine), which took place on Friday evening last, it was
found necessary to mulet some of the confines in their proportion
of tea and sugar, & in consequence of which a general spirit
of discontent was excited, and a determination to have revenge
on the retiring Matron, was loudly proclaimed. Mrs. Raine,
however, who had intimation of the gathering storm, took measures
accordingly ; and, on Friday evening, was rescued by a party of
constables, who were previously instructed, from the fury of a
number of women, by whom she was assailed, in one of the rooms, a
short time previous to her departure. On the following morning
(Saturday), about 7 o'clock, the new Matron, Mrs.
Gordon, being then in charge,
the allowance of bread and sugar being stopped in consequence
of the misconduct of the previous day, a considerable number
of women broke out of the Factory ; but, persuaded by Mrs.
Gordon and the constables, they returned in again, threatening
at the same time, that, if the usual allowance of bread and
sugar was not immediately forthcoming, they would tear down
all before them. Some little delay ensued, and in about half
an hour afterwards, a numerous party again assailed the gates,
with pick-axes, axes, iron crows, & c. & c. the united
force of which, wielded as they were by a determined and
furious mob, soon left a clear stage, and the inmates of the
Factory were quickly poured forth, thick as bees from a hive,
over Parramatta and the adjoining neighbourhood. About one
hundred came into town, exclusive of numbers that took
different routes. Constables were seen running in all
directions. A Captain, a Lieutenant, two serjeants; and
about forty rank and file, were in immediate requisition
by the Magistrates, and were seen flying in all directions
with fixed bayonets, for the double purpose of securing the
fugitives, and staying the mutiny ; and so violet were the
Amazonian banditti, that nothing less was expected but that
the soldiers would be obliged to commence firing on them.
After a little time, however, numbers of those who broke loose
were secured, and conducted back to old quarters under a
military escort, shouting as they went along, and carrying
with them their aprons loaded with bread and meat, for which,
after the manner of a conquering army, they had laid the
inhabitants of Parramatta and its vicinity under contribution.
On their arrival at the Factory, Major Lockyer, the
Superintendant of Police, at Parramatta, directed the
ringleaders to be selected an confined in the cells, but so
determined were the rioters, that, though opposed by a
military force, they succeeded in rescuing their companions,
declaring, that if one suffered, all should suffer. About
forty, we understand, who took to the bush, towards Toongabbee,
have not yet been retaken. A military guard is now stationed
at the gates of the Factory, and Parramatta is again quiet.
Since
writing the above, we have been informed, that the number of
missing, has, by the exertions of the pursuers, been reduced
to nineteen. §
Compiler
Note:
In regard to the 28 Oct 1827 riot and breakout - the 2 January
1828 report of the Female Factory Board of Management for the
six months ended 31 Dec. 1827 stated : "of the number which
then escaped, only three are now at large." (HRA, Series I,
vol. 14, p.187).
The
Australian
Wednesday, 31 October 1827, p.3
Factory Frolics
On Saturday the
town of Parramatta presented a whimsical scene of bustle and
rioting. Our ladies of factory had managed to defy stone walls
and stout gates, and in no gentle humour to satisfy cravings of
appetite with bread and beef, and whatever else "mote please a
dainty palate", out of shops, and at the expense exclusively
of several Parramatta householders, who could not generally
avoid looking upon the scene with a degree of astonishment,
strongly mixed, with the ludicrous. The women appeared as if
they held together by one leading string. Some paraded the
streets, clamouring and brawling, and looking as though
animated with a spice of the spirit of the gentle poissards of
the French Revolution - whilst others shewed little seeming
disposition for deeds of strife, though "Playful as Peris
let loose from their cages."
The first sparklings of discontent
appeared on Wednesday among the fair ones of No. 3, class,
which mustered in number 130. Salt had been substituted for
the ounce of sugar that each one had previously been served
with, as a qualifier to her morning's meal of ominee - an
arrangement which was no sweetener to the disposition of
any of the ladies', however acceptable salt might be on
the dinner platter, with occompaniment of bouille and
vegetable aliment, they could not be brought to relish, or
look upon it tranquilly, nor with other than eyes of loathing,
when floating like ice upon their breakfast bowls of ominee ;
and as the ounce of sugar had ceased, so they determined to
cease working, till such time as it should be restored. The
same day it was current throughout the town that the women
shewed every disposition to pay the inhabitants outside a
visit, and accordingly a body, composed of part of the
ecclesiastical, civil, and military strength of Parramatta,
proceeded to the factory, the yard of which was then in the
uncontrolled possession of the women, who expressed their
determination to admit none in the shape of intruders. They
had already conveyed a constable out of the yard, and laid
him fairly, and without hurt, by the heels, outside. Several
of the more refractory spirits were, however, taken from
among the gentler ones, and clapped in cooling cells under
lock and key. The factory continued in a state of agitation
till Saturday morning, when the storm raged fiercer than
before. The ladies, by some means, got possession of tools,
with which they belaboured most unmercifully the hinges and
panels of one of the gates, till it left an opening, through
which, in a joint and corporate body, all rushed, and
dispersing through the town , proceeded to beat up the
bakers' and butchers' quarters. Many of the bakers, sooner
than be troubled in-doors with such customers, threw into
the street whatever loaves the women required, which the
latter then and there devoured with avidity. Another
detachment shouting out "Starvation," proceed to dislodge
from the stall of a butcher, where it was hanging ready for
purchasers, a raw quarter of beef ; but while those fetes
were going forward, the Police Magistrate was not idle -
constables and others., his majesty's lieges, civil as well
as uncivil, being called upon to assist in the work of
peace making. The bugles sounded to call in the aid of the
scattered soldiery, and the tocsin of the prisoner's barrack
rang out a peal to the overseers of different working parties,
to keep their men from mingling in the fray - such a scene
of clamor, of trepidation, and uncertainty if the business
boded weal or woe, does not often recur with all its
tragi-comical importance. The storm rage too violently in
the commencement to last long, the peaceably inclined
gradually surrendered to the Magistrates, and others, who
went about striving to restore order. Many of them had
their aprons loaded with provisions, the spoils of vanquished
bakers, and other inhabitants. Nineteen women managed to
get off, and are thought to have joined the male runaways,
who had made their escape from barracks - the remainder meekly
surrendered to the magistrate, and were led back to the
factory.
When the "hurly burley" had
somewhat subsided, the Magistrates formed a committee, which
was employed investigating into the circumstances of the row,
to a late hour of Saturday night. §
Compiler
Note:
A same issue editorial on the riot re the number involved
stated - "two hundred women sallied out of the factory".
Transcribed by J. Raymond,
Brisbane
- 2000

The
Sydney Herald
Monday, 22 August 1836, p.2, col 2
The Female Factory - The abuses
which prevail in this penal establishment have long been
matter of public notoriety ; and we have reason to know they are,
at present, by no means decreasing either in extent or variety.
The ungovernable impudence of female convict servants has long
been a subject of complainant with those persons who have been
constrained to employ them ; but this by no means surprises
us when we look to the discipline maintained in the Female
Factory - that only place for refractory women convicts. It is,
we have had occasion to know, no very uncommon thing for some
of these women to absent themselves for weeks from the service
of their employers ; and when, for some gross impropriety they
are sentenced by the magistrates to the "third class", if they
should happen to be good needle women - expert in making up
"slops" - they are very speedily released from punishment
and taken into the special favour of the ruling powers. Some
of them boast that they can get "two glasses of rum every day","
if they chose to work for them - that is assist in making up
"slops" ! In short, we may as well say at once, that the
abuses of the "Factory System" are such as call loudly on the
British Government for "reform" ; and we very much mistake if
"reform" is not approaching, and that with rapid strides. §

Transcribed by J. Raymond,
Brisbane
- 2000
Sydney
Gazzette
11 October 1836
The
Female Factory under the old system, was one of the most
disgraceful establishments that any Colony ever supported, the
damsels there confined when tired with the noise and bustle of
the town, would give their masters and mistresses intimation
that it was their intention to quit, and rusticate for a
short time at
Gordon Ville, where if a good hand at making up slop
clothing, they could spend their leisure hours in the delights
of smoking and Jamaica. At last the system has been
altered, and the third class are now employed in performing
evolutions round a circle to the tune of double quick time;
this has had a powerful effect upon the ladies, who
did not in the first instance, understand this innovation
upon the comfortable and snug rules, and a revolt of the
Factory took place ; a very pretty scene for the pen of a
Dramatic writer, quite equal to the far-famed "Revolt de
Sevail'. The refractory were however soon cooled by having
lodgings provided for them in the cells ; the adoption
of this plan has had beneficial results, assigned women
now begin to think that rusticating in the country is not
quite the thing, even in the heat of summer, and therefore
remain quietly in town. The tread mill is talked of
as likely to be brought into vogue at that establishment,
if so the assigned women servants will not be half so
troublesome as they have hitherto been. §
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