_Henry I K of France____________
_Philip I K of France______|_Anne of Kiev __________________
_Louis VI "the fat" K of France______|
| | _Florent I C of Holland_________
| |_Bertha of Holland_________|_Gertrude of Saxony_____________
_Robert I C of Dreux___|
| | _Amadeus II C of Savoy & Susa___
| | _Humbert II C of Savoy_____|_Johanna de Geneva______________
| |_Adelaide of Savoy___________________|
| | _William I C of Burgundy &Macon_
| |_Gislea of Burgundy________|_Stephanie de Longwy____________
_Robert II C of Dreux_|
| | ________________________________
| | ___________________________|________________________________
| | _Guy de Baudement Seigneur de Braine_|
| | | | ________________________________
| | | |___________________________|________________________________
| |_Agnes de Baudement____|
| | ________________________________
| | ___________________________|________________________________
| |_Alix _______________________________|
| | ________________________________
| |___________________________|________________________________
|
|--Pierre "Mauclerc" de Dreux D of Brittany
|
| _Enguerrand I Count of Amiens___
| _Thomas I Sire de Coucy____|_Adele de Roucy of Marle________
| _Enguerrand II Sire de Coucy_________|
| | | _Guy II S de Montlhery__________
| | |_Melisende of Crecy________|_Adelaide of Crecy______________
| _Raoul I Sire de Coucy_|
| | | _Lancelin II S de Baugency______
| | | _Raoul I S de Baugency_____|_Alberga _______________________
| | |_Agnes of Baugency___________________|
| | | _Hugh "the Great" D of Burgundy_
| | |_Matilda of Vermandois_____|_Adelaide of Vermandois_________
|_Yolande de Coucy_____|
| _Baldwin II C of Hainault_______
| _Baldwin III C of Hainault_|_Ida of Louvain_________________
| _Baldwin IV C of Hainault____________|
| | | _Gerald I C of Guelders_________
| | |_Yolande of Guelders_______|_Clemence of Poitou_____________
|_Agnes of Hainault_____|
| _Albert III C of Namur__________
| _Godfrey C of Namur________|_Ide (Relinde) of Saxony________
|_Alix (Adelaide) of Namur____________|
| _Conrad I C of Luxembourg_______
|_Erminsinde of Luxembourg__|_Clemence of Poitou_____________
de Montagu.
From Galliou and Jones' book, "The Bretons" (pp. 199-201):
"It is difficult to know what PHILIP AUGUSTUS expected when he
allowed Pierre Mauclerc (1213-37) to marry ALIX of Brittany. The
remarkable expansion of the royal demesne during his reign, whilst
vastly increasing his resources, also imposed an enormous burden
on his administration. To share that in a distant and unruly part of
the enlarged kingdom with a relative may have seemed a sensible
policy. Granting apanages was a traditional Capetian practice for
slowly assimilating outlying parts of France. But Pierre proved to
be one of the most ambitious of all Capetian princes and resented
attempts to trammel him. There was a period after THE KING's death
when Pierre was at the heart of every noble rebellion against the
crown. That in the end the Capetians did not regret even more
the day marriage gave Pierre the duchy, was largely thanks to the
traditional factiousness of the Breton nobility, the limited period
during which Pierre legally held the duchy (from the death of ALIX
in 1221 he was simply its baillistre or guardian on behalf of his son
Jean) and his own recklessness. It was characteristic that when he
finally handed over the duchy in 1237, he embarked on a renewed
career as an adventurer and crusader. He had always been a
gambler, a figure who could easily have stepped directly out of a
'chanson de geste'. It was fitting that he died, whilst returning to
France, from wounds sustained at the battle of Mansourah (1250),
without doubt one of the most colourful princes the Bretons ever
had.
From the beginning Pierre picked up where the Angevins had left
off. He tried to impose on his new vassals the restraints which a
feudal lord coming from the Ile de France found natural and
reasonable - reliefs, wardships, precise military obligations, control
of castle-building. He also sought to limit more specifically local
customs like the unrestricted use of 'lagan' or right to shipwreck,
against which the system of 'brefs de mer' was also directed. There is
the story of one thirteenth-century lord of Leon who claimed that a
single jagged rock was worth 100,000 ecus a year to him thanks to
the wrecks it caused. But the result of Pierre's assault on seigneurial
privilege was predictable; he met violent opposition. Nor was this
exclusively from lay lords, because he richly won his soubriquct
'Mauclerc' for attacks on the church's temporal possessions. His
dispute with the bishop of Nantes, in particular, resulted in considerable
mayhem but no bishop was safe from depredation.
The viscounts of Leon, whom the Angevins once appeared to have
broken, were amongst the most redoubtable lay opponents of
Pierre's efforts to enforce his authority, but baronial coalitions
attracted wide support throughout Brittany. Neighbouring Angevin
lords like Amaury de Craon, whose family had been rewarded in
Brittany by Angevin and Capetian alike, also fished in troubled
waters. Eventually on 3 March 1223, Amaury was defeated
outside the walls of Chteaubriant, a victory that made Pierre
Mauclerc undisputed master of the duchy for the next few years.
But his own intrigues from 1227, both with other rebellious French
princes and with HENRY III of England, allowed his domestic
enemies new opportunities to unseat him. In 1230 Breton barons
opposed to Pierre and his ENGLISH ALLY appealed to the crown for
help and provided it with a legitimate excuse for intervention.
Mustering a powerful army, LOUIS IX marched on Brittany in
June 1231 and at Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier Pierre was forced to sue
for peace since many of his most powerful subjects had already
been won over by THE KING. His ability to cause harm in the future
was undermined by their promise to rally to LOUIS if Pierre violated
the agreement. This did not stop him trying; in 1234 he was once
more in league with HENRY III, who offered the bait of Richmond.
But Pierre's rule in the duchy was coming naturally to its end. In
1231, although deserting Pierre, the Breton lords swore to uphold
his son's rights to succeed as their natural lord when he came of
age. In 1237 he did so and Pierre ceded power to him, though not
before a commission sent by LOUIS IX in 1235 had collected a long
and revealing litany of complaint against his arbitrary rule."