..HH*@ÿñÿ÷9ItxÞýHH / `ü'ÿñÿ÷9I€,<J€T€LØLØF`F` ¨ ý€33 of     'P÷HHãœm¶Ûmã”Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶ÛmÛm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûãb¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Û/( Nº`þò?(NºÈ`þæNVÿèHçNºÂB§px/NºJ./Nº†/Nº G(PGì. KTˆPÿïPkÿþ G Pp!@F/Nºâ=|ÿþÿè-GÿðHnÿèNº`Bg/NºJHnÿø¨t(| DB§/B§B§Nºê,JTf&l, Helvetica HelveticaTimes Times-RomanZ0d0d 0d0d(d(d8d0d8d^ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿüÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ.€ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ.ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ. ÿÿÿÿ.+l™  ð  #&'()̵ܽ‚"Û„AXr Ô' ^Ú…“*Varieties and Synonymes of — Cuinn In Ireland there is a great variation amongst surnames, Matheson observed that the use of entirely different surname person or by members of the same family. Matheson observed that the use of entirely different surnames interchangeably by the same person prevails in Ireland to a great extent. Many variations are direct translations of Irish surnames into Englisa or vica versa, while others are equivalents, modificatiions, or corruptions. In Ireland where English is in general the spoken language and Irish the native language this is to be expected. History has had a powerful effect in altering Irish surnames,e and Irish the native language this is to be expected. History has had a powerful effect in altering surnames, this will be clear from later chapters. It is important to remember that less than a hundred years ago the majority of Irish people were illiterate. This meant that they could not spell their own names and when it came to the name being written down for some reason, it came to be given its form by a stranger. It was Government officials who wrote down peoples names, and these tended to be isolated by nationality, language, religion and politics from those whose names they would transcribe. Angalised corruThe anglicisation of Gaelic names has given rise to much confusion. The expression of a name in a language other than the one in which it evolved is not entirely senscibile. If Ireland had not been influenced so much by England, it would be the — Cuinn that one would be writing about as gaelige. It should therefore be clear that ÒQuinnÓ is an angalised corruption of the Gaelic surname Ò— CuinnÓ. Over a period of five hundred years one comes across Ua Cuinn, O'Coyne, O'Quyane, O'Quin, Quin and finally Quinn well as other unmentionables. As Irish gradually was forced into the background the changing fashions of English spellings played havoc with Irish surnames. In the Calendar of State Papers for the period the sept is referred to as O'Quins, Quins, O'Quynnes one man is referred to as Neale O'Quyn, O'Quin, O'Quinn, O'Quyne, O'Quynn, O'Quynne, Quyn. With the submission of Hugh — Neill in 1603 the Tudor conquest of Ireland was complete. The social and political system of Gaelic Ireland was gone; the traditionaname is represented by Quin, Quiny, Quine, Quynne. Towards the end of the 17th. Century untill the end of the 18th. Century, O'Quin is the most accepted form in the documents although other corruptions can still be found, though to a lesser extent than the immediately preceding period e.g. Quin, Quayne, O'Quyne. With the 19th Century the O came finally to be dropped in English, Quin was now the most common form of the name but before the middle of the Century it had been surpassed by Quinn. From a look thme Ò— CuinnÓ. Over a period of five hundred years one comes across Ua Cuinn, O'Coyne, O'Quyane, O'Quin, Quin and finally Quinn as°Ø ~6b¯è ¯è ±`€7Ö°Ø ~6b¯è ±`€7Örough Griffith's Land Valuation circa 1850's it is obvious that Quinn had surpassed Quin by at least two to one. The practise of adding the extra ÒnÓ continued right up to the turn of the Century. It is said that Protestants and the better off spell the name with one ÒnÓ and that Catholics and the less-well off spell the name with two ÒnÓ's, if this is the case and there is some evidence that it is, then there is a historical explanation. As has alrady been noted the vast majority of the Irish people in the past were unable to read or write, but when a situation arose, where it was necessary for the surname to be written down, it was written down in a then modern form. On the other hand liter other hand literate people were certainly not going to be told howate people were certainly not going to be told how to spell their own surname and would write it as their forebears had done with only one ÒnÓ. Ii is important if a person is tracing their ancestry to beehe vast majority of the Irish people during the 1 144 34sonal name Ceallach meant "bright-headed". The name could be male or female, however it was more common as a male name. The surname was adopted by several septs. A sept of U’ Mhaine, a branch of the Oirg My great-grandfather born in 1866 was ÒJames QuinÓnd with the adding on of an extra N., since the establishment of Saorstat Eireann (the Irish Free State) in 1922 many have changed their name back to the Gaelic form of — Cuinn both in the North and the S aware of the different spellings of surnames. Matheson using information obtained from the census of 1890 was able to identify varieties in the spelling of surnames. In relation to Quinn these were: Cunnea in Carrick and Glennamaddy, Glenties, County Donegal; Cunny in Aclare, Tobercurry, County Sligo; Queen in Molahiffe, County Monaghan; Quenn in Armagh; Whin in Kilkeel, County Down Whinn in Rostrevor, Kilkeel, County Down. Changes id that Protestants and the better off spell the name with l the name with in the spelling of the suname does not end with the adding on of an extra ÒnÓ, since the establishment of Saorstat Eireann (the Irann (the Ir of the suname does not end with the adding on of an extra ÒnÓ, since the establishment of Saorstat Eireann (the Irish Free State) in 1922 many have changed their name back to the Gaelic — Cuinn both in the North and the South. This because of both an awareness of the correct form of the surname and also because Gaelic has become more acceptable indeed more fashionable. Whilst in the past English has caused confusion in Irish surnames, at the present time Gaelic adds to the confusion. The established and historic form of the surname is î Cuinn, however modern Irish suggests that this should be — Coinne in Ulster and — Cbb abFÖ(`(  €dc¨ÿ ÿÄHÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÖFä(`(  €cˆÿ ÿÀGÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿäFþ(`(  c`ÿ ÿ Varieties and Synonymes of Surnames and Christian Names in Ireland (1901) by Robert E. Matheson.à°< 3à°T !üàˆ°T và°< V61°PX”³H ‚|«!« ª«Kildare. They were forced into the mountains of Wicklow by the Cambro-Norman Invaders. Their country was called Cr’och Bhranach, which comprised the barony of Newcastle. A sub-sept inhabited part of Arklo I am ÒJohn QuinÓ on my birth certificate; ÒSe‡n — CuinnÓ on my passport and generally known as ÒSean QuinnÓ, in Donegal where I was born the surname is pronounced ÒQuonÓà°p 3à°° E à°° 3à°p E à°p 3ished and historic form of the surname is î Cuinn, however modern Irish suggests that this should be — Coinne in Ulster and — Coinn elsewhere and even MacCoinn in parts of Munster. The authors preference is — Cuinn. ¯Ø ±X€XÔÕl authority of the chief of the sept and the rights assured under the brehon law were replaced by the authority of the government in Dublin and the common law of England. This reflected itself in the fashion of changing Irish into English surnames, which c@%@ ?@LFþØ`(  `0cÔm ¨€7Öbeing found in Antrim, Down, Derry and Tyrone. In 1890, the estimated number of persons bearing the surname was 16,300, and it was the most com An Sloinnteoir Gaeilge agus An tAinmneoir, Muris — Droighne‡in‰â!=+%*ŒW„±X€X§¨¯Ø ,6²4 ±X€X¨©¯Ø ,6²4 ontinued all through the 17th Century until after the fall of Limerick in 1691. In defiance of the Treaty of Limerick the Parliament of Ireland initiated the Penal Laws directed against the great majority of the Irish people, these had a devasting effect upon Irish culture and greatly effected the nominclature of Irish surnames. Hence forward an O or a Mac to a persons name was no recommendation to the powers that they must have an English surname or at least an English version of their Irish surnames. Hence the almost wholesale rejection of the O and Mac during the period of slavery, ignorance and oppression through which Ireland passed during the century of the Penal Laws. To reduce one's name as much as possible to the level of English pronunciation to give it an English appearance to modify it in some way and to some degree, was a condition of life for anyone who wished to better condition in life. In the State Papers for the mid 17th. Century the O' is dropped and the OøN´H0d 0dŠ#È-ÑíIƒŠ‰â!=+%*ŒY d€åžY€åB ¼€äæ€ãÚÿü+mó$ó,+nÿüó$-mó0ÿü+mó(ó0+nÿüó( -ó,+@õ¢+@õš -ó0+@õ¦+@õž mÑÒ(h8;mîÑì~`0HÀÿ¶ým6m¶Ûm¶Ûm¶ÛmLFþØ`( dÌm ¨ÿÿmýÛ,6Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm¶ÛLFþØ`( eÛ ¨ÿÿ†²`€8†€åžLFþØ`,( 0€åžcô ¨ÿÄHÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÖFä(`(  €åBd ÿ ÿÀGÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ äFþ(`(  b4ÿ ÿÿ¶m6m¶Ûm¶Ûm¶Ûm€äæLFþØ`( - •0€äæcôm ¨€åúÄ@ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿâFð(`(  €ãÚhHÿ ÿ6Äh¯è$ðFþ(`(  f, ÿ“éJ@rust  ±¯ ׺ / `ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ!