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TIMELINE of IRISH HISTORY

through
SHIELDS FAMILY EXODUS
and
FINAL SETTLEMENT in OHIO

TIMELINE


The combined Irish and American history and the Shields timeline below attempts to elaborate on the written, documented, and theorized happenings in Scotland, Ireland, and America and in the life of our Daniel Shields and his family.

1014
The Battle of Clontarf tells of the Viking war with Brian Boru. The Battle of Clontarf lasted only a full day, but its final outcome ended the Viking power in Ireland.

1586
The English crown confiscated native Irish lands in counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Waterford for Protestant colonization by English and Scottish settlers. This followed the death of Gerald Fitzgerald, 14th and last Earl of Desmond (c. 1533–1583) in a rebellion. There were several rebellions against the plantation by the Irish and the Anglo-Irish aristocracy. This recolonization began taking place in from 1556 through 1660.

Munster Plantation
by
Joseph Eaton
As Posted 2 June 2008
Daniel Shields Discussion YahooGroups List
A quite significant confiscation of land from native Irish by the British crown took place in Munster, where Cork is located, in the late 16th century. It is very feasable our Protestant Shields ancestors (more than likely from Scotland) were transplanted there by the crown. This was known as the Munster Plantation.
"In Irish history, a major confiscation of native Irish lands in counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Waterford by the English crown in 1586, following the death in rebellion of Gerald Fitzgerald, 14th and last Earl of Desmond (c. 1533–1583). Originally estimated at some 245,000 ha/600,000 acres, the surveys and claims were greatly overstated and ultimately only half that amount was actually confiscated for Protestant English colonization.

Rapid growth of the plantation in the 1580s and early 1590s was accompanied by severe disputes between both English settlers and native Irish, and among the settlers themselves. In 1598 a native Irish uprising effectively destroyed the first colonies and ruined several of the early investors, including the planter poet Edmund Spenser. Re-established following the rebels' defeat in 1601, the plantation grew steadily. The extraction of timber and iron yielded large profits but the plantation areas also rapidly developed a strong export trade in cattle and sheep. By 1641 the plantation was securely established with an expanding population that had grown from just over 3,000 in 1592 to an estimated 22,000."


1650
It was during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries that English military triumph over native Irish people (mainly Catholics) resulted in the confiscation of lands occupied by Gaelic clans and granted to the Protestant settlers from Britian. This was a result mainly by Cromwell's Irish campaign (1649–50). Then under William (III) of Orange, in the Battle of the Boyne (1690), English domination was finalized. The native Irishman's civil liberties were brutally suppressed and they were subjected to a stringent penal code.
Distribution of Protestants in Ireland: 1861 & 1991

Pacification of Ireland
William III (1650-1702), known as "William of Orange," was also known by these royal titles: Prince of Orange; William III, King of England; and William II, King of Scotland (1689-1702).

1690
No year in Irish history is remembered more than The Battle of the Boyne.


Legend of Daniel Shields
Daniel SHIELDS I, a Catholic, and his four sons fought in the Battle of Boyne in 1690 on the losing side...that of King James II. The father (Daniel Shields) and one son were killed, and two of the surviving sons migrated after the war. One is said to have gone to Spain where he became Capt. Gen. of Cuba. Daniel, the youngest, remained in Ireland, but suffered from confiscation and banishment visited on the Catholic soldiers of the dethroned King James II (last Roman Catholic monarch) by his Protestant son-in-law, King William of Orange (the victor) who had married James II's daughter, Mary.

This Daniel Shields is not DNA related to our Daniel Shields. This Daniel Shields is said to have been from Ahoghill (aka "Magherahoghill", meaning "the plain of the ford at the yew wood"). It is a parish in the district of Ballymena in County Antrim, Northern Ireland and was the home of one SHIELDS clan. This appears to have been the homeland of this Daniel Shields said ancestor of Gen. James Shields. Gen. James Shields of Catholic persuasion immigrated from Ireland to America and became famous during the U.S. Civil War. Later he was swept into American politics of that time period. DNA testing of a descendant of that family does not match our Daniel Shields descendant's DNA.



1699
Other researchers show SHIELDSes from Ireland in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia as early as 1699. This would have been 100 years before the arrival of Daniel and Mary, our immigrant ancestors. These early SHIELDS families are said to have been from County Antrim & County Armagh, Ireland.

1720
In 1720, there was the first mass migration of Scots-Irish from Ireland into America. Many of the earliest Scots-Irish immigrants in the early colonial period (1720s-1730s) first settled in Pennsylvania. They then began moving into Virginia (a vast territory in those days) and the Carolinas, although others settled in the other 13 American colonies and areas of Boston, New York, and Baltimore. Irish Family History Foundation Online Genealogy Databases for Ireland

1730
About 1730, Governor Gooch began dispensing land freely for settlement in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia resulting in an influx of Scots-Irish peoples. Generally the Scots-Irish seem to have congregated more in Augusta County, Virginia, the southernmost county. The "Shenandoah Valley" would therefore be Augusta with it's streams and rivers that flow into the Shenandoah River. At its northernmost it would be in Jefferson County, West Virginia.

1787
Northwest Territory of the United States of America (frequently referred to as Ohio Territory) was established. This area encompassed a vast amount of land from Kentucky/Virginia to the Great Lakes.

1790-1791
In 1791 a group called the United Irishmen was formed by a gentleman named Wolfe Tone. They were a group who wished to build a non-sectarian Irish Republic free of Great Britian. Seven years later this erupted into the Rebellion of 1798 which was one of the bloodiest and most violent and tumultuous of all the Irish wars.

1791
Daniel Shields and Mary along with their family boarded a ship for America.

1791-1794
"After living in Pennsylvania for three years, he (Patrick) removed to Cincinnati, Ohio where he landed October 15, 1794." One can probably safely assume that this reference would refer to the entire or majority of the Shields family as Patrick would still have been a lad of 7 to 10 years of age.

1794
The Shields family immigrated to Hamilton County, Ohio in 1794 according to Patrick2 Shields' biography.

1799
Ohio became a territory in 1799.

ca 1803
Butler County, Ohio was created from Hamilton County, Ohio in 1803. Montgomery County, Ohio was also formed from sections of Hamilton County, Ohio and Wayne County, Michigan.

1807
Daniel SHIELDS, Sr. and his wife, Mary apparently lived in Lemon Township in Butler County, Ohio as he appeared on the Tax List.

Miami County, Ohio was created from a part of Montgomery County, Ohio in 1807.

1808
Preble County, Ohio was created in 1808 from parts of Montgomery County, & Butler County, Ohio.

1809
Darke County, Ohio was formed in 1809 from Miami Co., OH. Later, Shields descendants would settled in Darke County.

1809 February
In February 1809 Patrick SHIELDS of Butler Co., OH sold various cattle and household furniture to his father.

1809 April 15
Daniel Shields and wife, Mary, of Butler County, Ohio sell land in Hamilton County, Ohio.

1810
Butler County, Ohio Tax List: Daniel Shields

1820
Daniel Shields appears to be residing in Monroe Township, Preble County, Ohio with his son, Isaac, and family.

1830
Daniel is again found residing in Monroe Township, Preble County, Ohio with his son, Isaac, and family. Daniel is listed as being in the age category as 90 under 100. It appears that Daniel spent his last years in Preble County, Ohio residing in Isaac's home.

1833 April 11
Daniel died at age 92 years 5 days and was buried at the Dry Fork Baptist Church Cemetery in Preble County, Ohio. His small gravestone still stands in 2008, but is in very poor weathered condition.




Created: 27 August 2008
Revised:



Webpage
by:
Audrey (Shields) Hancock