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Surnames DNA Project |
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2. The recommended test for the project is the 12-marker Y-chromosome test. Many tests are offered by the lab we are using for the project, but the 12-marker test is sufficient. You may choose to have more extensive testing performed (at an increased cost), but a Y-chromosome test of at least 12 markers is required for the purposes of the project. 3. Please make sure upon ordering the test that you click any "confirm" button that may appear. Depending on your monitor resolution, you may have to use your scroll bars to find it. 4. Do NOT sign up for the project if you are female, or if you just want to know the results of the project thus far. The test is based on the Y-chromosome, and because women have no Y-chromosome, they cannot participate directly (though they may help indirectly by helping to recruit males with the surname COLCLOUGH, COAKLEY, COKELEY, or some other spelling variation thereof, by helping defray the costs of others, or by providing moral support, etc.). The results of the project will be posted to this webpage as they are returned to me - so there is no need to sign up for the project just to see the results - just check back to this page from time to time for updates. 5. E-mail me if you have any trouble ordering your DNA testing kit. I will ensure that you will get a DNA test kit one way or another. If you are male, and your last name is COLCLOUGH, COAKLEY, COKELEY, or some spelling variation thereof, and you want to participate by ordering your DNA kit now, then please click the below link:
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1. The results of each participant's DNA analysis is provided in the Results Table below. 2. The paternal descent of each sample provider is given in the link in the results table. Click the associated link to open a new page which will show this person's Colclough/Coakley/Cokeley descent. The new page that loads will also give the participant's e-mail address. Use your browser's 'back' button to return to this page. 3. For every new DNA "type" identified, a new "Node" is created (arbitrarily designated as type "A", and incrementing alphabetically for subsequent 'new' nodes). These "Nodes" are identified by letter on the left-hand side of the Results Table, and near the yellow, circular nodes in the Network Diagram. 4. The Colclough/Coakley/Cokeley Network Diagram shows the genetic relationship among all the participants. 5. Given the participant's "node" and known paternal descent, we can deduce the "node" (DNA type) of the participant's patriarch (i.e., his father's father's (etc.) father). 6. Each Colclough/Coakley/Cokeley patriarch, and all his male-line descendants (and patrilinear ancestors) comprise a "clan" of particular DNA type, or Node. The Patriarch's Table, below, associates each node with its clan, where known. 7. By DNA-testing a male-line descendant of your Colclough/Coakley/Cokeley patriarch, you can directly determine if it is possible that he is genetically related to any of the other "clans" thus far identified. 8. Clans with the same Node (i.e., the same DNA type) are related, whereas Clans with different Nodes are not related. 9. With enough samples, most or all clans should be identified. 10. The Group Administrator is happy to answer any questions you may have about the project. |
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The question then becomes, "How closely related are the groups?". Well, mutations are rare events. I will spare you the math (e-mail me if you are really interested in this), but suffice it to say that the point where two cousins are likely to have ONE mutation between them is approximately at the 13th cousin level. The point at which two groups are more than 50% likely to have 3 or more mutations between them is about the 35th cousin level (or a common ancestor approximately 1,000 years ago). But remember that these are statistical measures. This does not mean that Colclough/Coakley/Cokeley with different DNA types could not have shared descent, it just means that they are not LIKELY to be close cousins. Rare events like mutations DO happen, and there are cases where multiple mutations DO appear between close cousins (they are just rare, and hence generally unlikely). If another sample were provided which "split the difference" between "A" and "C" (for example), then it would appear to make a shared descent between "A" and "C" more likely. On the other hand, the separation between "A" and "B" is greater (4 mutations) and thus less likely to ever appear to be jointly descended. This project is very young, and more samples will continue to pour in, and the analysis will become more and more clear. Please help us with this project by participating and/or locating appropriate individuals for testing. DNA analysis is a valuable and powerful way to uncover linkages within, between, and among sample groups - but its power relies entirely on gathering enough samples to make it worthwhile. Please help :)
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