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R- L165 Project Results for 68 -111 Marker Level of Testing

This page has been created as a companion page to the R-L165 Project at FTDNA.

Introduction:

The "P-312 Emerging Modal" shown in the table below should be considered volatile due to the small sampling size to date. It should also be remembered that at this point we have NOT determined Cluster or Surname Modals (other than for the MacLeod/McLeods) at this level of testing therefore, any calculation of TMRCA and/or Genetic Distance is unclear. As additional members of each Cluster or Surname are tested, the TMRCA and Genetic Distances will be clarified.

We need several members of each group to test at this level. Anyone who wishes to help others obtain testing may donate to the General Fund (link on the Home Page of our Project).

Genetic Distance - Updated with Kit Numbers at each distance on August 19 2011

The percentages in rows 2 - 5 are referring to the confidence level that one is "Related in This Number of Generations or LESS" - read as "99% of the time, a common ancestor will be found in 6 generations or less". For the purpose of this page, the modal serves as the "in-betweener" (in other words, the Genetic Distances shown are NOT Kit to Kit they are Kit to Modal Haplotype).

Note: I have not assigned Genetic Distance to the Modal for the MacDonald kits because there are still two markers for which we have no mode ( marker 73 and marker 97 ); the testing of more MacDonalds, MacNeils and Buie's will be necessary before Genetic Distance to the Modal Haplotype can be determined.

Also note: Because this is Kit to Modal Haplotype (and not kit to kit), the Genetic Distances will be different than what you see on your HOME Page DNA Matches - i.e. Purdy 41571 and Tim 137480 are a Genetic Distance of 11 to each other and are not shown as matches to each other - the Modal Haplotype is the "in - betweener" for the two men showing that 99% of the time, they will have shared a Common Ancestor within the past 16 - 27 generations (there are approximately 24 generations to Leod).

"In cultures where surnames are passed from father to son, there is additional evidence beyond a DNA match that two men who share a surname are related. Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) test results should be interpreted based on both this information and the actual results." Text version at FTDNA (Question #27)

0 - Very Tightly Related
Over 50 % are 1st cousins
Most others are 3rd or closer
1 - Tightly Related
Over 50 % are 2nd cousins
Most others are 5th or closer
2 - Tightly Related
Over 50 % are 4th cousins
Most other are 7th or closer
3 - Related
Over 50 % are 5th cousin
Most others are 9th or closer
4 - Related
Over 50 % are 5th cousins
Most others are 10th or closer
5 - Related
Over 50 % are 7th cousins
Most others are 12th or closer
50% = 2 generations

50% = 3 generations

50% = 5 generations

 50% = 6 generations

50% = 6 generations

50% = 8 generations
90% = 4 generations 90% = 6 generations 90% = 6 generations 90% = 10 generations 90% = 11 generations 90% = 13 generations
95% = 5 generations 95% = 7 generations 95% = 9 generations 95% = 11 generations 95% = 13 generations 95% = 15 generations
99% = 6 generations

99% = 9 generations

99% = 11 generations

99% = 14 generations

99% = 16 generations

99% = 18 generations

Distance of 6 or greater: The connections here can be highly informative for relationships with historic groups and events. If there is a tradition of a recent genealogical relationship, the best way to confirm it is to test additional family lines. By testing additional family lines you can find the person in between who is a closer match to each of the others tested. This 'in betweener' is essential for you to find as their match proves the connection between the more distant matches. FTDNA (Question #27)

6 - Probably Related
Over 50 % are 9th cousins
Most others are 14th or closer
7 - Probably Related
Over 50 % are 10th cousins
Most others are 16th or closer
8 - Only Possibly Related
Over 50 % are 12th cousins
Most others are 18th or closer
9 - Only Possibly Related
Over 50 % are 13th cousins
Most others are 20th or closer
10 - Only Possibly Related
Over 50% are 15th cousins
Most others are 22nd or closer
Greater than 10
Not Related
Beyond 22nd Cousins
50% = 10 generations

50% = 11 generations

50% = 13 generations

 50% = 14 generations

50% = 16 generations

highly informative for
90% = 15 generations = 90% = 17 generations 90% = 19 generations 90% = 21 generations 90% = 23 generations relationships with historic groups
95% = 17 generations 95% = 19 generations 95% = 21 generations 95% = 23 generations 95% = 27 generations and events (i.e. Clan History)
99% = 20 generations

99% = 22 generations

99% = 24 generations

99% = 27 generations

99% = 29 generations

Results as of August 19th 2011

The emerging modals are subject to change as more individuals are tested.

Red = Fast Markers / Gold = Medium / Lavendar = Slow / White = undetermined
Concetta Burgarella and Miguel Navascués - Mutation Rates as of August 2011

68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111

D
Y
S
7
1
0

 

D
Y
S
4
8
5

 

D
Y
S
6
3
2

 

D
Y
S
4
9
5

 

D
Y
S
5
4
0

 

D
Y
S
7
1
4
D
Y
S
7
1
6

D
Y
S
7
1
7

 

D
Y
S
5
0
5
D
Y
S
5
5
6
D
Y
S
5
4
9
D
Y
S
5
8
9

D
Y
S
5
2
2

 

D
Y
S
4
9
4
D
Y
S
5
3
3
D
Y
S
6
3
6
D
Y
S
5
7
5
D
Y
S
6
3
8
D
Y
S
4
6
2

D
Y
S
4
5
2

 

D
Y
S
4
4
5

Y
G
A
T
A
A
1
0

 

D
Y
S
4
6
3
D
Y
S
4
4
1
Y-
G
G
A
A
T
-
1
B
0
7

D
Y
S
5
2
5

 

D
Y
S
7
1
2

D
Y
S
5
9
3

 

 

D
Y
S
6
5
0

D
Y
S
5
3
2

 

D
Y
S
7
1
5

 

D
Y
S
5
0
4

 

D
Y
S
5
1
3

 

D
Y
S
5
6
1

 

D
Y
S
5
5
2

 

D
Y
S
7
2
6

 

D
Y
S
6
3
5

 

D
Y
S
5
8
7

 

 

D
Y
S
6
4
3

 

D
Y
S
5
1
0

 

D
Y
S
5
1
0

 

D
Y
S
4
3
4

 

D
Y
S
4
6
1

 

D
Y
S
4
3
5

 

P-312 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
12
25
26
19
12
11
13
12
11
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
20
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
L-165 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
??
26
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
CLUSTER 1 MODAL
34
15
9
16
13
26
26
20
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
B1004 - Carmichael
                                   
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
20
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
  23           12  
189071 Cameron
34
15
9
16
13
26
26
20
11
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
20
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
196207 - MacNeil
34
15
9
16
13
26
26
20
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
21
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
100750 MacNeil
34
15
9
16
13
26
26
20
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
22
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
69720 - MacDonald
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
20
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
24
15
19
15
23
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
46281 MacDonald
34
15
9
16
13
27
26
20
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
24
15
19
14
23
16
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
                                                                                         
L-165 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
??
26
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
Emerging Cluster 2 Modal
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
36109 McLeod
Genetic Distance 111 - 2
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
13
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
36748 - Norman
Genetic Distance 111 - 2
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
31
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
47096
Genetic Distance 111 - 3
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
41571 Angus McLeod
Genetic Distance 111-4
34
15
9
16
13
29
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
25
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
150587 - Donald McLeod
Genetic Distance 111-4
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
13
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
25
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
193751 Norman
Genetic Distance 111 - 4
35
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
13
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
16
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
150848 - John II of Rigg
Genetic Distance 111 - 5
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
18
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
66014 McLeod
Genetic Distance 111 - 6
33
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
11
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
18
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
172409 McLeod
Genetic Distance 111 - 6
35
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12 23 18 10 14 17 9 14 11
127808
Genetic Distance 111 - 7
share a unique mutation pattern in first 25 markers
34
15
9
16
13
28
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
25
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
11
14
17
9
13
11
148833
Genetic Distance 111 - 7
share a unique mutation pattern in first 25 markers
33
15
9
16
13
29
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
18
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
122999
Genetic Distance 111- 9
share a unique mutation pattern in first 25 markers
35
15
9
16
13
29
26
19
12
11
12
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
19
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
137480 McLeod
Genetic Distance 111 - 9
brothers
34
15
9
16
13
27
26
19
13
11
13
12
11
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
19
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
213423
Genetic Distance 111 - 9
brothers
34
15
9
16
13
27
26
19
13
11
13
12
11
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
14
24
13
10
10
19
15
19
14
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
13
11
                                                                                         
L-165 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
??
26
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
Emerging Ayton Modal
34
15
9
16
12
??
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
??
13
??
18
11
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
163136
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
12
11
14
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
22
15
20
13
23
18
11
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
                                                                                         
L-165 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
??
26
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
Emerging BRUNSON Modal
??
15
9
16
12
??
26
19
12
11
13
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
20
15
19
13
24
17
12
??
24
12
23
18
10
14
??
9
12
11
170048 Brownson
33
15
9
16
12
28
26
19
12
11
13
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
20
15
19
13
24
17
12
16
24
12
23
18
10
14
16
9
12
11
                                                                                         
L-165 EMERGING MODAL
34
15
9
16
??
26
26
19
12
11
??
12
10
9
12
12
10
11
11
30
12
13
24
13
10
10
??
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
24
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
Emerging Terril Modal
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
12
11
14
12
10
9
12
13
10
11
11
30
12
12
25
13
10
10
21
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
164691
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
12
11
14
12
10
9
13
13
10
11
11
30
12
12
25
13
10
10
22
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
N60197
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
11
11
14
12
10
9
12
13
10
11
11
30
12
12
25
13
10
10
21
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
3134
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
12
11
14
12
10
9
12
13
10
11
11
30
12
12
25
13
10
10
21
15
19
13
24
18
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
21785
34
15
9
16
12
26
26
19
12
11
14
12
10
9
12
13
10
11
11
30
12
12
25
13
10
10
21
15
19
13
24
17
12
15
25
12
23
18
10
14
17
9
12
11
N82592 Pending
                                                                                         

 

Overview Of R-L165 / L 165/S68 Results Page / Walking with Ghosts