QUAPAW TRIBE
1895 Maps of Indian Nations

The Quapaw (from “Ugakhpa,” meaning “downstream people”) are a southwestern Siouan tribe.  By a treaty signed in St Louis, Missouri, on  August 24, 1818, the Quapaw ceded their lands south of the Arkansas River, except for a small territory between Arkansas Post and Little Rock extending inland to the Saline River.  In 1824, the Quapaw signed a treaty ceding the rest of their land to the United States, and tribe agreed to move to the country of the Caddo, where they were assigned a tract on the south side of the Red River.  The river frequently overflowed its banks, destroying Quapaw crops,  Soon the tribe was drifting back to its old country, now settled by whites.  Finally, a treaty signed May 13, 1833, conveyed to the Quapaw 150 sections of land in the extreme southeastern part of Kansas and the northeastern part of Indian Territory, to which they agreed to move.  On February 23, 1867, they ceded their lands in Kansas and the northern part of their lands in Indian Territory to the United States.  Under the Allotment Act of 1887, the Quapaw objected to Federal plans to allot each tribal member only 80 acres.  They established their own program and allotted 200 acres to each of the 247 members.  This action was ratified by Congress in 1895.  Rich lead and zinc deposits were found on some of these allotments in 1905.