Cudjo Genealogy Also Cudjoe, Cudgo, Cudger, Cojoe, and many more...
Background: Who were the Black Seminoles?
The
Black Seminoles were Africans - often run-away slaves - who were
members of the Seminole tribe, a group of Native Americans who had left
the Creek tribe and settled in Florida. The Native Americans and
African Americans became closely
intertwined as they fought against the US government to
keep their land and their freedom. After several wars, the majority of
the Seminoles were forced to move to Indian Territory (today's
Oklahoma), where most still live to this day. Other Black Seminoles can
be found in Texas, the northern parts of Mexico, and the
Bahamas.There are many excellent websites online that cover the different aspects of the Black Seminoles in great depth. So rather than trying to write yet another article on the Black Seminoles, here are some links that are a good introduction to the Black Seminoles.
History of the Black Seminoles
- Black
Seminoles by Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Seminole
- John Horse and the Black Seminoles by J. B. Bird http://www.johnhorse.com
- Black Seminoles, Maroons & Freedom Seekers in Florida by Tony Carrier http://www.africanaheritage.com/black_seminoles_1.asp
Culture and Language of the Black Seminoles
- Creativity & Resistance: Maroon Cultures in the Americas http://www.folklife.si.edu/resources/maroon/tour/virtual_exhibition.htm
- Cultural Practices of the Oklahoma Freedmen by Angela Y. Walton-Raji http://www.african-nativeamerican.com/Culture.htm
- Seminole
Indians and the Seminole Indian Languages
http://www.native-languages.org/seminole.htm
Black Seminoles (Seminole Freedmen) in Oklahoma
- The Seminole Freedmen by Woodrow W. Colbert http://www.public.iastate.edu/~mcolbert/313/seminole.htm
- Race Divides The Seminoles http://www.undergroundrailroad.org/freedomquests/seminoles/index.html
Black Seminoles (Seminole Scouts) in Texas
- Black Seminole Indians by Trace Etienne-Gray http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/BB/bmb18.html
- Black Seminoles in Texas and Mexico by the Institute of Texan Cultures http://www.texancultures.utsa.edu/seminole/blackseminoleintro.htm
- Photos
- Seminoles Days 2004 - Celebrating the Legacy of the Seminole Negro
Indian Scouts and Their Families
http://www.bjmjr.net/sisca/2004_celebration.htm
Black Seminoles (Mascogos) in Mexico
- The Mascogo by Katarina Wittich http://www.bjmjr.net/west/mascogos.htm
- Black Mexican Heritage (De Florida a Coahuila movie review) by Esther Iverem http://www.seeingblack.com/article_68.shtml
Black Seminoles (Black Indians) in the Bahamas