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Analysis
of Haplogroup E Members
#173094
reports paternal Country of origin was Germany. He is a perfect Genetic Match to #A159571 over
Markers 1 through 12 and has a Genetic distance of 3 over Markers 13
through 37. The DNA results for A159571 are presented under #173094
on the Results Web Page.
Unfortunately, we do not have lineage information for A159571. An
additional problem In the
H37 Haplotype comparison is Ancestry.com did not test A159571 at Markers
14, 15, 19, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 & 36. Therefore, the Time To Most Recent Common
Ancestor cannot be determined. #173094 has no other near matches to
members of the Stark project.
The
Haplogroup of #173094 has been predicted to be E1b1b1 / E-M35 by FTDNA.
Two men in the FTDNA database with surnames other than Stark are a
23/25 match to #173094 and a perfect match to each other. Both were
sub-clade tested and found to be positive for mutation V13. This places
them in Haplogroup E1b1b1a2. One
of the men claims ancestry back to Austria. The other claims
ancestry back to Groningen, Netherlands. When genetically
compared to #173094, the probability they share a common
ancestor within the last 24 generations is 91.49%. Assuming
they actually do share a common ancestor within this generational time
frame, this common
ancestor most likely lived before surnames were established
in Europe — his sons or descendants of his sons taking
different surnames. Without confirmation #173094 is
mutation V13 positive, we cannot at this time presume his haplogroup is
E1b1b1a2 / E-V13.
Analysis
of Haplogroup G Members
#173510
reports
European origin of earliest known ancestor, Ferdinand Stark, was
Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany. When his H37 Haplotype of is compared to the
other Stark Project
members, his smallest genetic distance is 23.
Therefore, #173510 and members of the Project shared a common ancestor
who lived thousands of years earlier; a period before the present
considerably earlier than when surnames were established in Europe.
FTDNA predicts #173510 belongs to Haplogroup G. In Europe, Haplogroup G is found in 4.88% of the male
population on average
throughout the continent. In the British Isles, Scandinavia, northern
France, northern Germany, the Netherlands and the Baltic countries it is
less common, e.g. Britain and Norway at 2%. Around 4% of Welsh men are
in Haplogroup G. [Click
HERE
for more information on Haplogroup G]
Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany would be in the southern part of Germany.
Analysis
of Haplogroup R Members
#140291
is a descendant of a German immigrant from the region once
known as Swabia, now Baden-Wüerttemberg. The origin of Haplogroup R1a
remains disputed. It presumably originated somewhere in the Eurasian
landmass, where it is most commonly found today. There are two focuses
of high frequency of R1a, one in South Asia, near North India, and the
other in Eastern Europe, in the area of Ukraine. [Click
HERE
for more information on Haplogroup R1a].
When compared to other members of the project
over the H37 haplotype, #140291 has a genetic distance of 24 or greater.
The odds greatly favor #140291 could not have shared a common male
ancestor with any other member of the project within thousands of
years. #140291
had allele values at DYS-464e and DYS-464f which are not normally found in
the 13 thru 25 sequence. See
Marker 464e note on the Y-DNA Results
web page.
#180764
& #175273 have Markers 1 through 37 available for analysis and FTDNA predicts
their haplogroup will be R1b1b2. When the H37 haplotype of #180764 is compared to
#136832 in Subgroup 2D, there is a genetic distance of 14. When #175273
is compared to #136832 in Subgroup 2D, the genetic distance is 13. When
genetic distance is compared to all other
members of the project, #175273 is greater than 13 and #180764
is greater than 14.
This suggests neither can share a
common ancestor with any member of the project that lived within
the previous 20 generations. Family tradition suggests the earliest ancestor #180764, John
Dietrich Stark, may have been the son of German Parents. There is a
genetic distance of 29 when #180764 is compared to #140291 while the
genetic distance is 28 when #140291 is compared to #175273. The first
common ancestor they could share would be the Progenitor of the R1
Haplogroup of which the progenitors of R1a and R1b are descendants. R1
lived about 25,000 to 30,000 years ago. Until proven otherwise, #180764
& #175273 are placed in Subgroup 8C with #140291 because they are
all members of Haplogroup R.
Comparing
#180764 to #175273 resulted in a genetic distance of 17. This
suggests they may belong to the same or different subclades of
their predicted haplogroup R1b1b2. Using the Infinite Allele Time
Most Recent
Common Ancestor
model (TMRCA), their common ancestor most likely lived between
78 and 94 generations earlier, or within the calendar years from
1248BC to 704 BC. [Based
on a simple mismatch at 15 of 37 markers. Calendar Years
calculated using average of 34 Years for time between male birth
events for each generation beginning with and subtracting from
the calendar year 1948.]
Understanding
Haplogroups
The male Y-chromosome is handed
down from father to son relatively unchanged through the
generations. All males living today have a direct male lineage
"back in time" to a male who, according to
geneticists, lived about 60,000 to 90,000 years ago. However,
over the generations, mutations have been observed by
Geneticists known as Single-Nucleotide
Polymorphisms (SNP or Snip) mutations. These
mutations that occurred at a specific location on
the Y-Chromosome were passed from
fathers to their sons. For each of these mutations, there was
a progenitor (first to have the mutation); this mutation
passed along to his male descendants unchanged. Today, these
identifiable mutations are present in all of today's male
populations, often found concentrated in
specific geographic locations.
For those in Group 8, we have
the Major Haplogroups R, E, and G. FTDNA has either confirmed
members Haplogroup by testing for the defining mutations or has predicted
a members Haplogroup based
on results from others in their database who have been tested
and Haplogroup confirmed. For members FTDNA predicts your Haplogroup will be approximately
equivalent; but cannot confirm without additional
tests.
What
is a Major Haplogroup Sub-clade?
#140291
was predicted by FTDNA to
most likely belong to Haplogroup R1a1. The number followed by small letter
sequence following the capital letter "R" is a
nomenclature defining a "Sub-clade" of the Major
Haplogroup R. This member was predicted to most likely test positive for the
mutation defining Haplogroup R and will most likely have other defining mutations that
will place him in Sub-clade R1a1.
In this example, the Group 8 Member will most likely test
positive for three additional mutations that will place him in
the R haplogroup sub-clade defined as R1a1.
