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All Companys' Comparison Chart

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COSTS: see individual sites    

Note: It is easier to write a company's brief name (Initials) then the full name please refer to the Company names above if you get confused.

nelda

From Andrew:

Some understanding of what you need. If you have questions ask on the Genealogy-DNA mailing list at rootsweb.com.

1. The main labs all have 32 markers in common which can be considered the "basic 32" in genetic genealogy. Many people want to at least make sure they know which are the most commonly tested. *I advise that it is best to aim to
test at least these 32.*

The main 32 are of course (in groups of five so you can count them):-
DYS385 (2 parts), 388, 389I and II,
390, 391, 392, 393, 394(19),
426, 437, 438, 439, 442,
447, 448, 449, 454, 455,
456, 458, 459 (2 parts), 460,
H4, 464 (4 parts),
YCAII (2 parts)

Concerning DYS385 and DYS464, there are definite advantages to testing the special versions which only DNA FP does. See below.

2. FTDNA's 37 markers include 5 which DNAH do not do. Their special markers are DYS570, 576, 607 and the 2 CDY markers (also known as DYS724)

3. DNAH/RG do 43 markers including 11 which FT DNA do not do Their special markers are DYS441, 444, 445, 446, 452, 461, 462, 463, 1BO7, C4, A10. 

EA does 18 markers that no one else does.

Note: To get anywhere in a SURNAME Genealogy DNA study you must compare the ySTR markers with the ySTR markers of another person. So having the same markers tested that others have tested is the goal. The more markers the better.. WHY? because the more markers you match the closer the you get with the comparison...It is like having the surname with out the first name to have only 10 or 12 markers as you add markers you add additional information. nelda

DNA Surname, Geographical, Nationality Projects, and mtDNA projects

Different companies offer these projects. 

Check them all before creating a new project.

Charts included are, YSTRs,  mtDNA,  SNPs, X-chromosomal STR markers

both male and female Haplogroup charts

Another chart presented differently: http://dna.woodruffgenealogy.net/ydnacomp.htm

For non-techs,  alleles is the technical  name given the results of a test.

STR Network diagram - http://www.geocities.com/network.pdf 

For information on DYS464 marker  http://dna.reinyday.com/464/ 

Companies That offer mtDNA testing

 

mtDNA Company Comparison Chart mtDNA studies are for both the male & female study of the direct maternal lineage (Your Mother's Mother's Mother -backwards)

Type of Test

Company name

FTDNA& DNAFP combined

RG

AB

OA

SMFG

EA/ET

TGD

FTDNA-the mtDNA Plus test does both HVR1 and HVR2.They do not test HVR2 separately, you can add on a refinement later to test HVR2.

full length mtDNA sequencing

X

X

Tests unknown

AB -Argus Bio,  full length mtDNA testing comming soon

HVR-1

16001  to  16570

16000  to  16569

16001 to 16400

15841  to  16569

16040  to  16391

EA - Our mtDNA products are under development. We do not offer HVS2 at this moment in time, but our HVS1 listed in the chart.  We also sequence around 10400 and a number of other sites to confirm haplogroup.

HVR-2

00001  to  00583

00001 TO 00575

00001  to  00437

HVR-3

not tested

not tested

00438  to  00720

Total of  base pairs

1143

1145

400

unknown

http://www.familytreedna.com/mtDNA_tutorial.html

For questions on mtDNA

http://www.ilbg18230.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/mtdna.htm

With thousands of people that have tested their mtDNA with different companies, MitoSearch.org is brought to you as a free public service that allows individuals that have tested with those companies to make their results available for comparison.

use this link:

http://www.mitosearch.org 

Ok Your father is red and your mother is pink. Notice how your mother's brother (uncle carries both the father's Y and mother's mtDNA, but the Aunt only has her mother's mtDNA

Now look at the Father, his brother also has Mom's mtDNA but the sister only has your grandma's mtdna

Does this explain it better?? Only the male carries the Y chromosome a daughter can not pass her father's Y because it is the Y that carries the male sex determination... So if she got the Y she would be a guy!

The X chromosome  from the mother is combined with the Y chromosome to make the male child. 

the X chromosome from the mother and the X chromosome from the male to make the female child. 

My Dream...Some day hopefully the female's X chromosome will be able to be tested for the male's X chromosome giving a lot more information...

2009

OH MY IT IS HERE!!!! 23andme.com widespread genome test. They test all chromosomes Y, X, Autosomal and MTDNA.

They developed a relative finder, which finds matching segments of Genes  in all who are tested there.  I just found an 11 generation 

cousin, we share the Doggetts.

nelda

"Y" Haplogroup Testing

SNP Tests and Deep Subclade Tests

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Y-chromosome_DNA_haplogroups    

http://www.kerchner.com/haplogroups-ydna.htm 

http://isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_YDNATreeTrunk.html 

http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/11/4/319 

TO an interactive SNP TREE

http://www.dnaheritage.com/ysnptree.asp 

Kerchner's YSNP Names and Information Table, which is a summary of the fully searchable YSNP Names and Information Database compiled in the DNA-Anthrogenealogy Yahoo Group forum, is found at the following URL and you may link to it: http://www.kerchner.com/ysnpnamesinfotable.pdf

Synergy at work.
Charles Kerchner, P.E.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dna-anthrogenealogy/
http://www.kerchner.com/dna-info.htm

To help understand SNPs and Haplogrups

http://isogg.org/tree/index.html 

John's 

The R1b SNP page has been updated. 

http://www.geocities.com/mcewanjc/r1bsnp.htm

http://www.geocities.com/mcewanjc/s21.htm

X-chromosomal STR markers

Could someone please explain how a XSTR marker would be useful for a complex kinship analysis?

XSTR means X-chromosomal STR markers. Tracing XSTR markers in near-term to mid term genealogy is a little bit more complex than YSTR haplotypes, but it can still give a determinatve evidence of a kinship link on the maternal side. Usualy XSTR markers are not that stable as YSTR marker haplotypes, because crossing over events between the two X chromosomes of female persons in the lineage cause unpredictable recombination effects which makes it difficult to trace the lineage beyond a female individual. So scientists now have found a new trick to work around the recombination problem by simply using XSTR markers that are located in close proximity on the X-DNA sequence. It is very, very unlikely that a crossing over event will exactly happen in between the closely linked markers, so they practically form a stable haplotype block on the X chromosome which is traceable across several generations, just like we know it from the YSTR haplotypes. The article from Szibor et al. which discusses a set of linked XSTR markers  can be downloaded for free from the Biotype website:
http://www.biotype.de/files/HeringS_2006_Int%20J%20Leg%20Med.pdf
In case anybody is interested in the population frequencies of the three XSTR marker haplotypes in Germany, I can mail a PDF directly.

Under http://xstr.org we have started to develop the first public XSTR database where all markers can be entered. You just have to register with your e-mail address to enter your own results to a free account. The XSTR markers in the database are sorted by their positions on the X chromosome, so it is easy to define any haplotype region on the X chromosome and search for matches by this region. Allthough there are just a few entries, you can feel free to do experimental searches with the database.

This field of research on the female side of the genetic ancestry is just starting, but once we have enough data and we are able to link them to geographical origins, this technology looks highly promising.

Best regards,
Thomas Krahn

Read this article:
http://www.biotype.de/files/HeringS_2006_Int%20J%20Leg%20Med.pdf
That's what they try and what seems to be successful. They haven't observed a crossing over event in the analysis of 152 (grand)father–daughter–
grandson trios within the 280-kb region between DXS10079 and DXS10075.


http://www.biotype.de/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=56&Itemid=67
contains some more useful information on XSTR.
Also look at
http://www.chrx-str.org

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